Global mapping of artificial surfaces at 30-m resolution

Urbanization is expected to accelerate with population growth and economic development at the global scale. The artificial surface is the main land cover form of urbanization. On the one hand, urbanization provides spaces for industry, economic activities and residence. On the other hand, artificial surfaces change the earth surface to a large extent, thus significantly affecting natural processes such as the heat exchange, hydrological processes and ecological balance. Therefore, the global mapping of artificial surfaces is valuable for both natural science and social science. This study produced the global artificial surface maps at 30-m resolution for two base-years using the satellite images acquired around 2000 and 2010. First, we proposed a new definition of “artificial surface” based on patch level with consideration of its geographic meaning and image features at 30-m resolution. Second, pixel-based and object-based image processing techniques were combined for the extraction of artificial surface patches. Finally, human editing and a quality control system were employed to guarantee the quality of global mapping. Independent accuracy assessments show that the user’s accuracy of this product is higher than 80%. It can be concluded that the product is the most reliable one among all the available global datasets of artificial surfaces (or related types). The data can significantly contribute to various research fields, such as urbanization and ecosystem assessment.     

内蒙古大黄花地区铜多金属矿地球化学异常特征

大黄花铜多金属矿区位于赤峰金银多金属成矿带南部.通过化探扫面及化探剖面测制工作,对Cu、Au、Ag、W、Sb、Bi、Zn、Mo、Pb、As等元素数据进行了统计和分析,研究了矿区的土壤地球化学特征及异常特征.根据地球化学异常分类的一般原则,圈定出了7个综合异常,其中乙1类异常2个,乙2类异常2个,乙3类异常3个.通过对大黄花地区铜多金属矿地球化学异常特征的分析与异常查证,为在该地区寻找同类型的矿产提供了参考.     

内蒙古敖汉旗大黄花正长花岗岩锆石U-Pb年代学及地球化学特征

通过研究大黄花正长花岗岩的锆石U-Pb年代学,结合地球化学特征,探讨其形成时代、岩石成因及其构造背景.大黄花正长花岗岩的同位素测试结果为162.6±1.9 Ma,表明该岩体形成于中侏罗世晚期.该花岗岩主量元素具有高Si、富碱、低P和Ca的特征,微量元素具明显的Eu、Ba、Sr、P、Ti负异常.岩石经历了高分异演化（DI=95.1~95.88）,为高分异I型花岗岩.极低的Sr/Yb比值暗示其形成于一个非常低压的熔融环境.结合岩石地球化学、区域地质特征,认为大黄花正长花岗岩是蒙古-鄂霍次克缝合带演化的产物,其形成于碰撞后的伸展环境.     

基于Pushlet的实时WebGIS研究与实现

为满足政府、企业和公众等用户对GIS实时性应用的迫切需求。在分析传统WebGIS采用请求/响应工作模式不足的基础上,利用服务器推送Comet技术,基于Pushlet开源框架和MapGIS IGServer,设计了一种实时WebGIS框架,利用Pushlet订阅/发布机制,实现基于标准的HTTP协议的地理空间信息服务器端实时推送;利用数据库触发器实现更新数据的即时分发;利用富客户端Flex技术进行客户端信息展示。在气象监测预警系统中对该框架的可行性进行验证,为实时WebGIS的开发应用提供新的方法和思路。     

Study of full waveform inversion based on L-BFGS algorithm

Full waveform inversion is mainly used to obtain high resolution velocity models of subsurface. The size of full waveform inversion will lead to a gigantic computation cost. Under the available computer resource and the limitation of full waveform inversion,the authors propose L-BFGS algorithm as the optimization method to solve this problem. In order to demonstrate the flexibility of the method,three different numerical experiments have been done to analyze the properties of full waveform inversion based on L-BFGS.     

Petrological evidence of kaolinite transformation to dawsonite

Clay minerals,especially authigene kaolinite,are abundant in the dawsonite-bearing sandstone from the Gudian and Qian'an regions in the southern Songliao Basin.The relationship between dawsonite and ka...     

基于ICE中间件的通用测震数据库网关应用研究

提出基于ICE测震数据库通用网关的构建方法,利用ICE可扩展性、可重用性、支持多种编程语言和分布式部署的特点,结合分布式中间件技术,定义开发一系列读写操作测震数据库通用接口,为测震数据应用提供多元化服务,实现业务逻辑与数据库访问相分离,同时增强测震业务系统的可扩展性与安全性.该数据库网关在全国测震实际相关业务系统中取得较好的应用效果.     

地下流体对地震孕育发生过程的影响研究综述

地下流体对地震的孕育、发生过程起着重要作用.本文简述了近年来国内外关于地下流体影响地震的研究进展,对流体诱发地震的物理机制进行了深入介绍,主要有孔隙压的增加对有效应力的降低、流体受热膨胀扩容以及对岩石的润滑和软化作用;同时介绍了一些典型的流体触发地震模式,包括地震泵、断层阀、膨胀—扩散模式等,并讨论了目前存在的主要问题...     

Tomographic inversion for microseismic source parameters in mining

We propose a new method for inverting source function of microseismic event induced in mining. The observed data from microseismic monitoring during mining are represented by a wave equation in a spherical coordinate system and then the data are transformed from the time-space domain to the time-slowness domain based on tomographic principle, from whichwe can obtain the signals related to the source in the time-slowness domain. Through analyzing the relationship between the signal located at the maximum energy and the source function, we derive the tomographic equations to compute the source function from the signals and to calculate the effective radiated energy based on the source function. Moreover, we fit the real amplitude spectrum of the source function computed from the observed data into the ?? ^?2 model based on the least squares principle and determine the zero-frequency level spectrum and the corner frequency, finally, the source rupture radius of the event is calculated and The synthetic and field examples demonstrate that the proposed tomographic inversion methods are reliable and efficient