弯曲角反演GNSS掩星电离层密度轮廓的修正方法

用IGRF11地磁场模型代替真实地磁场,在计算GNSS射线路径TEC的过程中加入地磁场信息,从而对用TEC随碰撞高度的变化率算得的弯曲角进行修正。利用实测数据测试表明,该方法相对于不考虑地磁场的一般反演法的相对误差大约为1 ‰,即与理论影响值基本一致。这说明该方法能够有效消除地磁场对反演结果的影响,反演理论更为严密。     

STUDY ON EMBRYONIC DEVELOPMENT AND EARLY GROWTH OF TRIPLOID AND GYNOGENETIC DIPLOID LEFI—EYED FLOUNDER, PARALICHTHYS OLIVACEUS （T. et S. ）

The early effects of chromosomal manipulation of eggs and sperm on the yields of trip-loid and gynogenefic diploid larvae of Paralichthys olivaceus were investigated. Triploidy was achieved by cold shocking fen.ilized eggs at 0 - 2℃ for 45 minutes duration 5 minutes after fen.ilization, and the in-duced triploidy rates were 31.2% - 50% and the relative hatching rates were 53.3% - 99%. Gynnge-aetic diploids were obtained when eggs were inseminated with irradiated sperm and cold shocked at 0 -2℃ for 45 minutes duration 5 minutes after fertihzation. The induced gynogenetic diploid rates and the relative hatching rates were 94 % - 96 % and 48.5 % - 68.5 % respectively. The embryonic development of the triploid experimental group and of the gynogenetic diploid experimental group was delayed at first compared with the control group. But from the gastrula stage, it was not delayed anymore. There were no significant differences in the growth of the triploid experimental group larvae and the control group larvae, and in the growth of the gynogenetic diploid experimental group larvae and the control group larvae ac-cording to Student‘s t-test (α = 0.05). The relationship between the early growth of the triploid experi-mental group larvae and that of gynogenetic diploid experimental group larvae was also studied.     

大气折射对InSAR影响的定量分析

星载SAR重复轨道干涉利用不同时间观测的SAR影像数据形成干涉图，干涉相位中包含有成像几何、大气、地形以及地面形变等信息。为此，分析了干涉图中大气参数(气压、温度与相对湿度)对干涉相位的影响，计算了参数变化对干涉相位、高程与形变误差的影响量，并以图形方式描述了分析结果。     

青藏高原1993年GPS观测成果的精度分析

应用线性回归、符号检验等数理统计方法研究了１９９３年完成的跨青藏高原首期ＧＰＳ网３９条基线的数据处理结果。通过对单基线观测中误差、重复观测基线互差及异步环闭合差的精度分析，认为由１６个观测点组成的跨青藏高原ＧＰＳ监测网的基线平均相对精度达０．１ｐｐｍ。     

海洋环流模式的发展和应用Ⅱ.近海和区域环流模式

回顾了近20年来中国科学院大气物理研究所大气科学和地球流体动力学数值模拟国家重点实验室近海和区域海洋环流模式发展和应用的历程.介绍了正压区域海流模式在中国近海海流数值模拟研究当中的应用以及一个24层、最高水平分辨率为0.25°×0.25°的三重嵌套的中国近海环流模式及其应用.在嵌套模式基础上,基于变分原理,建立了一个中国近海环流的资料同化分析系统.初步结果表明,资料同化提高了模式计算的真实性,所揭示的黑潮的强度和流幅、夏季黄海冷水团的位置等都更接近观测结果.     

Geochronology,petrogenesis, and tectonic setting of Late Triassic volcanic rocks of the Hadataolegai Formation,central Great Xing'an Range,Northeast China

In this study, new geochemical, zircon U–Pb, and Lu–Hf isotopic data are presented for volcanics from the Hadataolegai Formation of the central Great Xing'an Range (GXR) in Northeast China. These new data offer insights into the petrogenesis of the volcanics of the Hadataolegai Formation and the tectonic evolution of the Paleo–Asian Ocean (PAO) and Mongol–Okhotsk Ocean (MOO). These volcanics of the Hadataolegai Formation are divided into andesite‐trachyandesites and dacite‐trachydacites. Zircon U–Pb ages show that the volcanics of the Hadataolegai Formation erupted between 230 Ma and 228 Ma during the Late Triassic, which agrees with recently obtained data. The volcanic rocks in this study have low Y (9.9–21.1 ppm) and Yb (0.78–2.02 ppm) contents, high Sr (444–954 ppm) contents, and slight Eu anomalies (δEu = 0.82 to 0.94), similar to ‘adakite‐like’ rocks. The dacites were formed by fractional crystallization of coeval andesitic magmas. The zircons within the andesite and trachyandesite yield higher positive ε_Hf(t) values (+6.3 to +12.0) and model ages (T_DM2) between 860 Ma and 453 Ma, which indicates that the magmas were generated by a newly accreted continental crustal source. Moreover, some of the volcanics are relatively high in MgO contents. These characteristics indicate that the volcanic magmas were derived from the partial melting of delaminated lower crust and mixing with mantle materials. Combining these data with previous studies, we suggest that the magmatism in the central GXR was governed by extension due to the closure of the PAO and the back‐arc extension associated with the southward subduction of the MOO plate (western GXR, near the Erguna Block).     

新疆石人子沟遗址出土家马的DNA研究

运用古DNA技术对新疆石人子沟遗址的墓葬中出土的古代家马样本进行遗传学分析。共选取5匹家马骨骼样本,从中提取DNA并对线粒体DNA控制区和毛色控制基因的核DNA进行PCR扩增。全部样本获得了线粒体DNA序列,在这5个序列中共检测出3个不同的单倍型,可以归属到3个不同的谱系A,B和E。毛色控制基因的SNP检测结果显示石人子沟遗址古代家马有栗色（chestnut）、枣色（bay）和金黄色（palomino）3种不同毛色。尽管样本量很小,但是线粒体DNA和毛色控制基因的核DNA研究均显示出石人子沟遗址的古代家马具有较高的遗传多样性。结合古代文献记载和新疆的特殊地理位置,支持新疆是家马引入中国的一个重要通道的观点。此外,金黄色马与墓主人同葬于墓室,可能是当时特殊的选择,表明马在古代人类社会中具有着重要的地位。     

SSA-小波神经网络支持下的地铁沉降变形预测

沉降变形监测中,研究如何对监测的沉降数据进行处理,预测沉降量,对可能出现的安全隐患做出预判有着很重要的实际意义。本文基于神经网络模型、小波分析和奇异谱分析（singular spectrum analysis,SSA）的相关理论,构建起SSA-小波神经网络变形预测模型,并将模型应用于地铁工程沉降预测中。针对地铁监测数据非平稳性、非线性特征,首先,使用SSA方法提取数据序列中的趋势项与周期项,提高序列信噪比;其次,使用小波神经网络模型对趋势项与周期项分别进行预测与重构,得到最终的预测值。通过对地铁累计沉降量观测数据进行预测,结果表明相比单独的小波神经网络模型,SSA-小波神经网络模型的预测效果更佳稳定,且随着训练样本的增加,预测结果与实际情况更加符合。     

渤海油气资源开发对渔业负外部效应研究

本文以渤海油气资源开发为例,探究资源开发与保持对渔业资源的影响.运用实例及数据分析油气开采等过程对渔业资源造成负外部效应的主要影响因素及程度,并结合渤海地区现实发展情况认为注重经济效应的同时要加强环境保护,尤其要发挥公众参与的积极性,实现政府、企业、个人立体全程周期式的参与模式,以为实现国家海洋资源可持续发展提供参考.     

上海软弱地基的超长钻孔灌注桩施工技术

根据８个上海软弱地基的超长钻孔灌注桩工程项目的施工技术资料,总结了超长桩的概念,施工难度和施工方法。