雁列式断层组合变形过程中的声发射活动特征

着重研究拉张或挤压型雁列式断层标本变形过程中声发射(简称AE，下同)的时空演化特征. 结果表明，预置构造对AE空间分布格局具有较强的控制作用，随着差应力的增加，AE首先在两个端点附近丛集，之后向两端点连线附近集中，出现明显的破裂局部化现象，较大事件还通常集中于某一端点附近反复发生. 前期微破裂丛集图象指示后期宏观破裂的扩展方向及扩展范围. 拉张和挤压型雁列区宏观破裂方向分别与轴向应力方向垂直和平行. 雁列式断层标本变形过程中，破裂前的弱化阶段相对较长、弱化过程明显. 微破裂事件累积频次指数增长可能是系统失稳前的典型征兆之一，而雁列区宏观破裂之后，AE数量逐渐减少、应变释放相对减弱. 摩擦滑动过程中，大的粘滑失稳前未见有AE活动前兆性的增强过程.雁列区的b值变化在失稳前显示趋势性降低——快速回升这一典型的变化过程，b值降低一般发生在差应力增强过程之中，并有可能延续至弱化阶段，而快速回升则一般发生在破裂失稳前的短时期内. 对比研究表明，构造差异所导致的b值差异远大于b值随差应力的增加而产生的变化量，而对同一构造标本，力学状态的改变会导致AE序列时序特征的急剧变化，较高的加载速率对应较高的应变能释放及明显的低b值. 先期破碎带由于较低的破坏强度，其对差应力的微小变化具有特殊敏感性，从而成为源、兆分离、窗口或敏感点效应等地震活动性前兆现象的一种可能的原因.      

天津地区海积软土结构强度及其对力学特征的影响

海积软土是一种结构性土，具有结构连结强度。其压缩曲线呈现出超固结土的压缩的曲线形式。强度曲线为二段折线，在应力小于σ'k时表现出超固结土的力学特征。而当应力水平高于这一临界值时，表现出正常固结土的力学特性。对其结构连结的成因进行了简单探讨。     

Research on paleoearthquakes in Jiuxian trenches across Nankou-Sunhe fault zone in Changping County of Beijing plain

An abundance of the phenomena of tectonic deformation and paleoseismic events of different times and their recurrent interval, as well as coseismic vertical displacements is exposed in Jiuxian trenches across the Nankou-Sunhe fault zone in Changping County. The research result shows three paleoearthquakes occurring during the Holocene. They were dated as 10643 ± 250 a B.P.-9706 ± 1235 a B.P., 7894±150 a B.P.-7640 ± 650 a B.P., and 3987±100 a B.P.-3670 ± 310 a B.P., respectively. The coseismic vertical displacements are 1.0 m, 2.0 m, and 2.0 m, respectively. From a statistical formula of relation between historic earthquake magnitudes and surface seismic dislocations in North China, the magnitudes of these paleoearthquakes are inferred to be in a range from M 7.7 to M 7.9. The research shows that the Holocene fault activity in the plain can be traced in the trenches according to the micro-geomorphic features. Many micro-structural phenomena are also found in these trenches. Identification of the paleoearthquakes in the Nankou-Sunhe fault zone during the Holocene time is of significance for assessment of future seismic risk in Beijing area.     

中国地壳运动观测网络基准站应变场变化的海潮负荷信号改正问题

利用最新的卫星测高全球Csr3.0模型，中国近海海潮数据和标准地球模型负荷格林函数，采用直接褶积积分方法研究中国地壳运动观测网络基准站应变固体潮观测的海潮负荷影响。计算25个台站8个主要潮波的负荷振幅和相位，讨论几个主要台站的负荷应变花和负荷应变随时间的变化特征。     

Formation Waters and Their Relations to Natural Gas Reservoirs in Central Ordos Basin

1IntroductionFormationwaterisanimportantmediumforhydrocarbongenerationandmigration .Thelong termcontactofformationwaterswithoilandgasmustleavesomeorganiccomponentsintheforma tionwaters.Ofcourse,thechemicalcompositionofformationwater (i.e.,oilfieldwater)iscloselyrelatedtotheformationofoilandgasreservoirs (Collins,1 975) .Since 1 970smanyscholarsbothathomeandabroadhavecenteredonthestudyofthecharacteristicsofformationwatersthemselves(Collins,1 975;LiuChongxi,1 988;HuangFutangetal.,1 993 ;GaoX…     

A preliminary geological and geochemical study of the Xiangquan thallium deposit, eastern China: the world’s first thallium-only mine

Summary Here we report the first example of a thallium-only deposit, which was discovered in the northeast margin of the Yangtze block, eastern China, in the transition zone between the Yangtze Block, North China Block and Dabie orogenic belt. Ore from the Xiangquan deposit will be mined, ore-dressed and smelted independently for thallium. The ore deposit is hosted in Lower Ordovician micrite, calcilutite and marl within the Dalongwang Mountain Xiao Mountain anticline. The ore zones are fold and fault controlled. Thallium occurs mainly in pyrite but minor amounts form as lorandite (TlAsS₂) and hutchinsonite (TlFeS₂). Fluid inclusion studies of two stages of fluorite intimately associated with ore-forming pyrite yielded homogenization temperatures of 120 to 220 °C with a salinity of 1.5 to 6.0 equivalent wt.% NaCl. Thallium was originally derived by hydrothermal emanations onto the sea floor and deposited in calcareous sediments. Subsequently in the Early Cretaceous (Yanshanian period) these source beds were reworked to form thallium enriched minerals in hydrothermal veins.     

基于OpenGL的边坡三维模型数据组织研究

数据的组织是建立三维可视化模型的关键,数据组织的好坏对整个可视化系统的性能有着直接的影响,而组织数据的核心问题又是几何模型的表达。介绍了三维模型数据组织方法,应用该方法在Delphi 环境下结合OpenGL 成功开发了三维边坡信息系统,从而验证了该数据组织方法的正确性和可行性。     

浅谈潍坊市水资源特点及可持续利用战略对策

本文通过对潍坊水资源特点的分析找出了造成水资源缺乏的主要原因.从而,因地制宜,科学规划,制定出了可持续利用的战略对策.     

藏东玉龙斑岩铜矿床多期流体演化与成矿的流体包裹体证据

通过对王龙斑岩铜矿石英斑晶、辉钼矿石英脉中流体包裹体岩相学、包裹体显微测温分析、包裹体成分的激光拉曼探针分析及包裹体中子矿物的扫描电镜/能谱分析,发现矿化斑岩石英斑晶中发育多期流体包裹体。斑晶中除流体包裹体外尚可见少量熔体包裹体,与斑岩期矿化有关的成矿流体以中高温(200～537℃)、高盐度(29.6～44.7 wt%NaCleq)为特征,与粘土化蚀变有关的流体包裹体以低温、富 Ca 为特征,不同气相充填度的气液两相包裹体与高盐度含子矿物多相包裹体共存,且具有相似的均一温度,显示不混溶流体包裹体特征。温度、压力降低引起的流体不混溶是造成斑岩型矿化矿质沉淀的主要因素,斑岩期流体与浅成低温热液期流体形成于统一的流体系统,为同源演化结果。     

吐鲁番-哈密盆地中新生代构造变形的数值模拟分析

根据地质、地震剖面、重力等资料及野外实地考察结果，分析了新疆吐哈盆地内各块体的力学性质和运动方式，在此基础上提出了吐哈盆地的发育模式。根据地质模型，并充分考虑了地质时间因素，建立了包括大区域平面模型、南北向剖面模型和台北凹陷三维模型等计算模型，用有限元数值计算方法模拟了古构造应力场和构造变形场。结果表明：吐哈盆地自侏罗纪以来一直受到近南北向的挤压，但盆地各段边界上的作用方向略有变化。模拟结果还显示出盆地的不对称形态以及主应力方向随深度的变化