利用MapInfo进行图件扫描数字化的误差统计分析

目前越来越多的单位运用图件扫描数字化方法来获得ＧＩＳ的数据,文中首先对扫描数字化的误差来源进行了分析,运用大量的ＭａｐＩｎｆｏ扫描数字化数据对误差大小及统计精度进行了探讨,得出了一些有益的结论,对如何提高大比例尺图件扫描图像数字化的精度及利用ＭａｐＩｎｆｏ进行扫描图像数字化有一定的实用意义。     

A rigorous method of calculating the deflection of light in the gravitational field of the sun

Starting from the equation for the path of a photon in a gravitational field, we give a method of calculating the deflection of starlight in the solar field. The transformation from the non-inertial system at the Sun to the locally inertial system of the observer is considered. Calculation was made under the Schwarzschild metric. Our calculated results for the deflection before making coordinate transformation agree well with the results according to the IAU formulae, but when an accuracy of 0'.'001 is required, then the coordinate transformation must be included.     

System structure and calibration models of intelligent photogrammetron

This paper describes the structure,geometric model and geo-metric calibration of Photogrammetron I-the first type of photogrammetron which is designed to be a coherent stereo photogrammetric system in which two cameras are mounted on a physical base but driven by an intelligent agent architecture.The system calibration is divided into two parts:the in-lab calibration determines the fixed parameters in advance of system operation,and the insitu calibration keeps tracking the free parameters in real-time during the system operation.In a video surveillance set-up, prepared control points are tracked in stereo image sequences,so that the free parameters of the system can be continuously updated through iterative bundle adjustment and kalman filtering.     

线性矩法估计参数的保证修正值系数B的推求

在设计洪水的抽样误差估计中,采用保证修正值系数B方法估计均方差简单易用。应用线性矩法估计频率分布曲线的参数,有较好的无偏性和有效性,具有一定的应用前景。目前线性矩法的B值诺模图尚未确定,给用线性矩法确定参数时估计抽样误差带来了难度与不便。采用统计试验,分析了离差系数、偏态系数和样本长度对B值的影响,结果表明线性矩法估计参数时仍可采用保证修正值系数B值诺模图方法来估计抽样误差,并推求了不同偏态系数、设计频率情形下的B值,制成了线性矩法的B值诺模图备用。     

黔东南暴雨气候特征及其地形影响

利用1960~2000年贵州省黔东南地区降水观测资料,统计分析黔东南地区暴雨时空分布特征,进一步揭示其活动规律及主要影响因素。结果表明:黔东南地区暴雨有显著年代际变化特征,存在准15年的周期变化,并与贵州降水和长江中下游降水呈同位相;存在两个暴雨多发中心,夜间暴雨较多。黔东南暴雨地域分布极为复杂,局地性暴雨较多,这与黔东南特殊地形有着密切关系,地形因素是影响黔东南地区暴雨的重要原因,对形成上述特征的气候学成因做了初步讨论。     

对豫西南两次历史地震的甄别与复核

历史地震调查是核电厂和大型水利枢纽等重大工程建设场地地震安全性评价的重要内容之一。近来，本文作者在参与完成河南核电项目选址阶段地震安全性评价任务的过程中，曾对豫西南地区的历史地震进行过调查。兹将其中两次较为重要的历史地震的甄别与复核结果介绍如下，希望对相关的研究工作和今后修编地震目录有所裨益。     

四川省2006年盛夏罕见高温干旱分析

2006年盛夏,四川省盆地区发生严重的高温干旱,本文利用实时和历史资料对该区域、该时段的气候特点作了综合分析.盛夏异常高温出现时间早,高温日数持续时间长,高温天气影响范围广.8月中旬为全盆地高温最严重时段,广安市出现全省高温中心.9月1日,华蓥山市的日最高气温再创新高,达43.6℃,为全省最高值.盛夏盆地降水为1961年以来历史最小值,旱区连续无降雨日数显著偏多,南充、广安、遂宁是省高温干旱最严重地区.通过对四川盆地16个测站46年(1961年～2006年)7～8月平均气温资料和46年7～8月盆地100多站平均降水量资料进行Mann-Kenall统计方法分析,盆地7～8气温,20世纪70年代属于高温阶段,20世纪80年代开始下降属于低温阶段,90年代中后期开始上升,但上升幅度慢于盆地秋季和冬季气温,2006年夏季处于上升期内.对盆地7月平均降水量进行分析判断,20世纪70年代后期到20世纪90年代初期属于峰值区;20世纪90年代中后期开始缓慢下降,2006年处于低谷区.     

No apparent lock-in depth of the Laschamp geomagnetic excursion: Evidence from the Malan loess

Developing an accurate chronological framework is always a key issue in paleoclimatic studies. Magneto- stratigraphy has been a routine tool for such purposes. However, complexities arise for inter-profile correla- tions of magnetostratigraphy due to effects of the lock-in process. One good example is the “mystery” of the mismatching of stratigraphic locations of the Matuyama/Brunhes boundary (MBB) (occurred at ~780 ka) recorded in Chinese loess and marine sedi- ments. Tauxe et al.[1] con…     

非开挖技术的应用及前景分析

介绍了非开挖技术及其在江苏煤炭地质局引进与应用的情况，分析了非开挖技术在我国发展的三个方向：管道口径越来越大，施工长度越来越长，施工条件越来越复杂。认为我国新增管道总量有较大的发展空间，管道的修复与置换数量也将日趋庞大，其非开挖技术也将随之转换，同时与之相适应的探测技术也将随之提高。     

Instability characteristics of the East Asian Monsoon recorded by high-resolution loess sections from the last interglacial (MIS5)

The selection of high-resolution loess sections is needed in order to determine the climatic variability of the East Asian Monsoon during the last interglacial. Two sequences of S1 on the eastern and west-ern sides of the Liupan Mountain were both composed of five paleosol layers and four loess layers,indicating that there were five strong summer monsoon events and four strong winter monsoon events in MIS5. This corresponds with other records of the East Asian Monsoon,along with NGRIP and the North Atlantic records,implying that the climate of the Northern Hemisphere was very instable during the last interglacial. Two layers of paleosols and one layer of loess had developed during MIS5a and MIS5c. Compared with MIS5e,the climate in MIS5a and MIS5c fluctuated more intensively on a millen-nial scale,whereas the climate was relatively stable in MIS5e.