西方国家金矿研究综述

人类历史上空前规模的金矿勘查热潮方兴未艾。近几年来,矿床地质学家对金矿地质研究取得了巨大的成果,但对金矿成矿作用的一些有关向题仍有较大的争议。本文概略地综述了西方国家在区域性的金矿成矿作用、某些世界著名金矿的重新研究、金矿实验研究、找金技术方法及金矿成因模式等5个方面的研究现状。     

Comprehensive hazard assessment and protection of debris flows along Jinsha River close to the Wudongde dam site in China

The occurrence of debris flows close to a hydropower dam not only threatens human lives and structures, but also affects the stability of the dam. Therefore, hazard assessment and protection of debris flows close to the dam are particular and important. In this paper, 3 S (Geographic Information System, Global Positioning System, and Remote Sensing) technologies are applied to determine the characteristics of debris flows. Characteristics that can affect debris flow assessment are classified and extracted. Based on the determined characteristics, the extension theory, which is used for solving incompatibility and contradiction problems, is applied to hazard assessment. In this paper, the idea of self-protection is proposed for debris flow gully protection. The prevention procedures are detailed, including filling of lower reaches and design of drainage works.     

玲珑花岗岩斜长石的费氏台研究及岩体形成时代问题的初步探讨

作者在地质调查基础上,对取自玲珑花岗岩、包体和胶东群变质岩的25个有代表性的样品,用费氏台测定了113个斜长石颗粒。本文根据测定资料的统计分析,探讨了玲珑花岗岩斜长石成分、有序度、双晶类型、演化规律及其成因意义,并将玲珑花岗岩与金喆佑、舟桥三男（1972）建立的不同时代花岗岩模式进行了对比。上述研究的初步结果认为玲珑花岗岩属于元古代交代-深熔成因。     

Metallogenic epoch of the oubulage copper-gold deposit in the alashan area,inner mongolia autonomous region北大核心

The Oubulage copper-gold deposit locates in the Alashan region of west Inner Mongolia Autonomous Region, was fourid recently in an assessment performed by team 511, Inner Mongolia Nonferrous Metals Geological Exploration Bureau. With large scale potentiality, the deposit distributes in lower Permian volcanic rock and subvolcanic rock, the main hosting rocks are quartz porphyry, dacitic melted volcanic breccia and liparitic volcanic breccia. Single zircon U-Pb and quartz 40Ar/39 Ar methods are applied to determine U-Pb ages of quartz porphyry vein of metallogenic epoch, and 40Ar/ 39 Ar age of ore-bearing quartz vein. The experiment results show that the age of quartz porphyry is 277. 4±3 Ma and the age of ore-bearing quartz vein is 264. 3±0. 5 Ma, indicating that Oubulage copper-gold deposit was formed in the late Hereynian Period. This copper-gold deposit and other gold deposits in the same area, such as Zhulazaga gold deposit and Hulunxibai gold deposit, all were formed in the late Hereynian Period, implying that Hereynian Period is a major copper-gold ore-forming epoch in the west of China.     

海南岛红树植物的解剖生态研究及其地质意义

在对不同红树属种系统解剖的基础上,总结了红树植物根、茎、叶等不同营养器官的一般性解剖结构特征,探讨了红树植物解剖结构与生态适应间的关系,指出了现代红树植物解剖、生态的研究在古植物学和煤沉积学方面的意义。     

一个典型的寒武系油藏:塔里木盆地塔中62井油藏成因分析

塔里木盆地志留系沥青砂岩广泛发育,主要原因是来源于寒武系的原油在进入志留系储层后区域性的抬升剥蚀使油藏遭到严重破坏,但到目前为止,究竟是寒武系烃源岩还是中上奥陶统烃源岩或是两者都对现今的志留系沥青砂岩中的有机质有贡献还不清楚.对塔中62井原油的化学组成和油源的分析表明,其甾萜类组成具有寒武系烃源岩的组成特征,反映该油藏原油主要来源于寒武系.另一方面,塔中62井砂岩透镜体被泥岩圈闭,油藏具有较好的保存条件,且后期中上奥陶统生成的烃类难以充注进入油藏.塔中62井志留系油藏破坏作用较弱、保存较好,是塔里木盆地在志留系发现的第一例来源于寒武系的油藏.     

Accumulation and sources of heavy metals in urban topsoils: a case study from the city of Xuzhou, China

The knowledge of the variability, the anthropogenic versus natural origin and corresponding environmental risk for potentially harmful elements in urban topsoils is of importance to assess human impact. The aims of the present study were: (1) to assess the distribution of heavy metals (Sn, Li, Ga, Ba, Fe, Mn, Co, Be, Ti, Al, Hg, Cr, Sb, As, Bi, Pd, Pt, Au, Ni, Cd, Zn, Cu, Pb, Se, Mo, Sc and Ag) in urban environment; (2) to discriminate natural and anthropogenic contributions; and (3) to identify possible sources of pollution. Multivariate statistic approaches (principal component analysis and cluster analysis) were adopted for data treatment, allowing the identification of three main factors controlling the heavy metal variability in Xuzhou urban topsoils. Results demonstrate that Hg, Cr, Sb, As, Bi, Pd, Pt, Au, Ni, Cd, Br, Zn, Cu, S, Pb, Se, Mo, Sc and Ag could be inferred to be tracers of anthropogenic pollution, whereas Al, Ti, Ga, Li, V, Co, Pt, Mn and Be were interpreted to be mainly inherited from parent materials. Iron, Ba, Sn, Pd and Br were interpreted to be affected by mixed sources.     

内蒙古二道岭矿区煤层含气量影响因素分析

根据实测资料及前人研究成果,分析了二道岭矿区煤变质程度、区域构造、煤层埋深和顶底板岩性对煤层含气量的影响作用。研究认为：高异常地热场是导致该区域含气量偏高的主要原因;构造和顶底板对煤层气控气作用明显,二道岭向斜核部煤层的含气量高达24m3/t,矿区顶、底板多为泥岩及粉砂岩组成,利于煤层气的储存;煤层埋深与含气量之间的相关性密切,根据两者关系建立的数学模型,可以预测研究区深部一定范围内的煤层含气量。     

长白山天池火山潜在的火山灾害评价

长白山天池火山是世界上著名的具有潜在灾害性喷发危险的火山 。该火山于公元1215年发生一次大规模的爆炸式喷发,其爆发指数为7,是世界上较罕见的一次大喷发。以这次大规模喷发为参照系,采用“以古论今”的原则,将未来潜在的火山灾害分为降落灾害、火山碎屑流灾害、火山泥石流灾害3种主要类型,对这3种灾害分别确定了分布范围,并划分了灾害程度带。