A method of calculating the non‐linear seismic response of a building braced with viscoelastic dampers

Buildings are continually subject to dynamic loads, such as wind load, seismic ground motion, and even the load from internal utility machines. The recent trend of constructing more flexible high‐rise buildings underscores the importance of including viscoelastic dampers in building designs. Viscoelastic dampers are used to control the dynamic response of a building. If the seismic design is based only on the linear response spectrum, considerable error may occur when calculating the seismic response of a building; rubber viscoelastic dampers show non‐linear hysteretic damping that is quite different from viscous damping. This study generated a non‐linear response spectrum using a non‐linear oscillator model to simulate a building with viscoelastic dampers installed. The parameters used in the non‐linear damper model were obtained experimentally from dynamic loading tests. The results show that viscoelastic dampers effectively reduce the seismic displacement response of a structure, but transmit more seismic force to the structure, which essentially increases its seismic acceleration response. Copyright © 2003 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

建筑物对城市通风自净能力影响的数值试验

应用城市气候数值模式，分别计算了三栋6层住宅楼和一栋20层住宅楼两类建筑形式影响下的风场，以及在此风场中街道汽车尾气的浓度分布。计算结果表明在总建筑面积基本相同的情况下，高层建筑周围环境的通风自净能力要优于多层建筑。     

辉长岩部分熔融实验及地质学意义

利用高温高压多功能三轴实验装置对四川省攀枝花辉长岩进行了动态和静态部分熔融实验研究,实验的围压为450～800MPa,温度区间为900～1 200℃.实验表明,差应力对辉长岩动态部分熔融程度有一定影响,初始熔体主要分布在不同矿物的颗粒边界和三联点,变形影响熔体分布,变形与辉长岩韵律层具有一定成因联系.本文为熔体对岩石流变学行为影响提供了实验约束依据.     

坡度阀值与坡面泥石流--以重庆市北碚区为例

通过对重庆市北碚区的 2 1个坡面泥石流的实地调查表明 ,坡度对坡面泥石流发生具有重要控制性作用。在对坡面泥石流流域大量原始坡度进行统计分析后发现 ,各坡面泥石流的坡度分布具有明显的正态分布特征 ,且平均坡度分布具有显著的规律。根据这一分布规律 ,将本区坡面泥石流发生的坡度阀值确定为三类 :第一类的坡面泥石流植被覆盖率高 ,远离居民区 ,人类影响活动微弱 ,坡度阀值为 32 4° ;第二类坡面泥石流无一例外均位于林地结合部 ,森林覆盖率很低 ,人类活动影响十分剧烈 ,坡度阀值为 2 7 3° ;第三类的两条坡面泥石流相邻 ,均位于观音峡峡谷地带 ,它们的发生完全受地形条件的控制 ,坡度阀值为 36 8°。本文从定量的角度阐述了坡度阀值与坡面泥石流发生的关系 ,为生态脆弱区的划分、工程建设、防灾减灾和政府决策提供服务     

On the atmospheric internal ship waves

The analytical solutions of the atmospheric internal ship waves induced by three-dimensional terrain are obtained by solving the atmospheric wave equation. The solutions show that the waves consist of the untrapped and trapped parts. The patterns of the diverging wave and transverse wave in the untrapped parts are mainly determined by the shape and orientation of the terrain. This kind of wave may transport the wave energy to the upper atmosphere. The patterns of trapped lee waves are decided by the atmospheric conditions such as stratification, mean wind speeds and wind shear.     

Petrogenesis of Eclogites in the Light of Punctuated Metamorphic Evolution in Dabie Terrane，China

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背风坡流场和浓度场的数值模拟

本文利用数值积分方法求解二维山地地形大气热力-动力学方程组以及扩散方程。模拟了山地背风坡的流场情况.作为应用,模拟了背风坡不同位置上的排放源在不同的大气稳定度条件下浓度场的分布情况,通过浓度场的垂直扩散方差σ_z~2和实测资料的比较表明:本模式能够反映不同地形和不同天气条件下的污染物质输送及扩散状况,因而有可能成为解决复杂地形上污染扩散的实用方法.     

下坡运动的分析解

本文采用二层模式,在一个斜坡地形上,求解大气波动方程,得出了下坡运动的普遍分析解,并对解在不同大气条件和地形条件下的物理意义做了分析。当下层大气厚而稳定、风速较强时,得到的是背风坡大风。而当下层大气强稳定、小风时,得到的是泄流风。对各类下坡运动近地面风速和大气层结、流场结构及Scorer参数之间的关系也做了讨论。     

NUMERICAL SIMULATION OF TURBULENT DIFFUSION OVER A COMPLEX TERRAIN

A set of hydrostatic atmospheric thermodynamic equations and diffusion equation are solved numericallyto simulate the flow,temperature and concentration fields over the Fenhe River Valley,Shanxi Province.The results are compared with the data observed in a tracer experiment carried out in February of 1984.The concentration distributions are calculated by three approaches:ordinary grid numerical model,nested gridmodel and Gaussian model.The comparison shows that the nested grid model gives the best results andneeds only a little more computer time.