Characteristics of the Two Types of Granits at Sikongshan in the Eastern Part of the Dabieshan Mountains

It has been shown from petrologic,geochemical,trace element and REE evidence that the gran-ite intrusions at Sikongshan,Anhui Province,can be assigned to two distinct types which are radically different in age and origin.The Precambrian gneissic granited resulted from remelting of old continental crust while the Mesozoic granites were derived ,also through remelting,from low-Rb/Sr rocks at greater depths.Granite masses at Tiantangzhai and Zhoujiawan in the Dabieshan Mountains are also dicussed.     

大气对流边界层中的涡漩结构

大气边界层中存在尺度从几百米到几十公里的大涡漩运动.它们在边界层中动量、热量、水汽等垂直输送中起重要作用.作者从边界层中对流和上部稳定层中波动相互作用的观点,发展得出大涡结构的对流波动理论.根据此理论,大涡的波谱构成主要由上、下层大气中风向、风速、层结以及两层之间的温度跃变等因素决定.本文根据卫星云图和天气资料分析了一次冷空气爆发流经暖洋面上形成云街、对流单体以及它们之间的相互演化的过程,并用对流波动理论,依据各阶段的大气条件计算出它们的波数构成,并得出了垂直速度、辐合带、界面扰动的分布,解释了云街、对流单体的形成、结构及相互转化的原因.     

Nitrogen budget of the eelgrass, Zostera marina in a bay system on the south coast of Korea

Above- and below-ground productivities and tissue N content were measured monthly to quantify N incorporation to sustain eelgrass growth in Koje Bay on the south coast of Korea from January to December 2002. N acquisition was also estimated through measurements of N uptake kinetics, tissue biomass, and in situ inorganic N concentrations in water column and sediments. Above- and below-ground productivities were highest in summer and lowest in late fall and winter. Leaf tissue N content was highest in December and lowest in July, while rhizome tissue N content was highest in October and lowest in April. Estimated monthly N incorporation by leaf tissues based on the leaf productivity and N content ranged from 0.4 g N m^?2 month^?1 in November to 2.0 g N m^?2 month^?1 in May. N incorporation by below-ground tissues ranged from 0.1 g N m^?2 month^?1 in February to 0.2 g N m^?2 month^?1 in October. Annual whole plant N incorporation was 14.5 g N m^?2 y^?1, and N incorporation by leaf tissues accounted for about 87 % of total N incorporation. Maximum uptake rate (V _max ) and half saturation constant (K _m ) of leaf NH₄ ⁺ uptake were significantly lower than those of root NH₄ ⁺ uptake. Above- and below-ground biomass ranged from 20.8 g DW m^?2 and 8.6 g DW m^?2 in winter to 350.0 g DW m^?2 and 81.3 g DW m^?2 in spring, respectively. NH₄ ⁺ concentrations varied from 0.2 to 4.3 mM in water column and from 93.0 to 551.7 mM in sediment pore water. Based on these measurements, annual N acquisition by root tissues contributed slightly higher than that by leaf tissues to total plant N acquisition. During winter, monthly leaf N acquisition was lower than monthly leaf N incorporation. This implies that Z. marina has internal nitrogen retention system to offset the shortage and excess of nitrogen.     

Molecular Identification and Expression Analysis of Carbonic Anhydrase VII in Pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes)

Ocean Science Journal - A carbonic anhydrase VII gene, encoding 277 amino acids, was identified in the intestinal tissue of pufferfish (Takifugu rubripes). The translated protein with an 833-bp...     

层状侵入体的韵律层理成因

层状侵入体的一个典型的特征是具有隐导理和韵律层理，分析比较了前人提出的韵律层理形成的各种机制并结合对攀枝花层状侵入体的研究认为，层状侵入体的韵律层理的形成与成岩的压实作用关系密切，细粒韵律层理是由于颗粒大小的微小差别或矿物成分含量的逐渐增加和重复的再平衡所致，矿物成分含量的逐步增加和重复是通过在类似于奥斯特瓦尔德成熟的条件下循环溶解和晶体生长形成的，在影响层理形成的多种因素中，以对流作用，密度，粘度及岩浆房的几何形状等因素的研究较为详细，各研究者也存在较大分歧。     

哀牢山—红河构造带古新世以来多期活动的构造和年代学证据

哀牢山—红河构造带哀牢山段可划分为东部高级变质带和西部低级变质带。构造分析表明:该构造带由3个不同变形域组成,可能代表其经历的3期左行走滑。第1期走滑发生在整个高级变质带,为拉张性左行走滑,形成角闪岩相L型构造岩。第2期走滑形成高级变质带中的高应变带,变形体制接近简单剪切,形成绿片岩相L-S型糜棱岩。第3期主要发生在低级变质带,为挤压性走滑,形成左行逆冲构造格局,并形成低绿片岩相千糜岩。地质年代学数据证明,3期左行走滑的形成时代分别是:距今58~56Ma、27~22Ma和13~12Ma±。哀牢山—红河构造带第1期左行走滑可能对应于印度与欧亚大陆距今60Ma左右的初始碰撞;第2期变形与青藏高原最强的挤压隆升期一致;第3期事件可能代表距今16~13Ma开始的青藏高原物质进一步东挤。哀牢山—红河构造带的3期主要左行走滑均发生在新生代印度与欧亚大陆的汇聚过程中。     

Approximate incremental dynamic analysis using the modal pushover analysis procedure

Incremental dynamic analysis (IDA)—a procedure developed for accurate estimation of seismic demand and capacity of structures—requires non‐linear response history analysis of the structure for an ensemble of ground motions, each scaled to many intensity levels, selected to cover the entire range of structural response—all the way from elastic behaviour to global dynamic instability. Recognizing that IDA of practical structures is computationally extremely demanding, an approximate procedure based on the modal pushover analysis procedure is developed. Presented are the IDA curves and limit state capacities for the SAC‐Los Angeles 3‐, 9‐, and 20‐storey buildings computed by the exact and approximate procedures for an ensemble of 20 ground motions. These results demonstrate that the MPA‐based approximate procedure reduces the computational effort by a factor of 30 (for the 9‐storey building), at the same time providing results to a useful degree of accuracy over the entire range of responses—all the way from elastic behaviour to global dynamic instability—provided a proper hysteretic model is selected for modal SDF systems. The accuracy of the approximate procedure does not deteriorate for 9‐ and 20‐storey buildings, although their dynamics is more complex, involving several ‘modes’ of vibration. For all three buildings, the accuracy of the MPA‐based approximate procedure is also satisfactory for estimating the structural capacities for the limit states of immediate occupancy, collapse prevention, and global dynamic instability. Copyright © 2006 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Measurement of local and volumetric deformation in geotechnical triaxial testing using 3D-digital image correlation and a subpixel edge detection algorithm

Based on the three-dimensional digital image correlation (3D-DIC) technique, the stereovision system has been applied to the improved triaxial apparatus to obtain 3D full-field deformation of the specimen during triaxial testing. Through the calibration process, the 3D-DIC technique can obtain the accurate specimen’s spatial displacement deformation. Meanwhile, a subpixel edge detection algorithm has been combined with 3D-DIC technique to calculate the radial strain and the volume strain of the specimen directly. Furthermore, a series of consolidated drained and undrained triaxial tests were carried out on Hainan (China) sand specimens and measured by the conventional and the image measurement methods. Compared to the results measured by the conventional method, the image measurement technique can obtain the more experimental data, such as the 3D displacement field of the whole specimen, the local strain distribution, and so on. The measurement results also show the conventional method would be disturbed by the end constraints in triaxial tests so that the strength of the soil would be overestimated. Meanwhile, the middle of the specimen would be selected to calculate the stress–strain relationship without the influence of the end constraints in the proposed method. Based on the image measurement results, the proposed method has the potential to be used in geotechnical tests for exploring the soil’s progressive failure behaviors, inhomogeneous deformation and mechanical characteristics.

     

淄博洪山—寨里煤矿地下水串层污染治理区水化学和硫同位素特征

在明确淄博洪山—寨里煤矿地下水串层污染治理区内水文地质状况、地下水流场特征等基础上,通过对矿井水、采空区水、矿排水、奥灰水、雨水、地表水的取样分析,掌握治理区的地下水水化学、硫同位素特征。选择接受大气降雨补给的区域、煤矿水聚集区、奥灰水聚集区以及奥灰水与煤矿水交叉混合区,分区对地下水水质现状及煤矿水和奥灰水之间水力联系情况进行分析判断。通过对比分析治理前后研究区水质情况,发现治理后奥灰水仍呈现高${\rm{SO}}_4^{2-}$浓度、高硬度、高TDS特征,且硫酸盐主要来源于煤矿水,治理后洪山、寨里煤矿地下水串层通道依然存在,串层污染情况持续进行,且污染较治理前有加重趋势。则今后治理工作应进一步查清、控制导水通道,控制矿坑水水位,避免其污染奥灰水。     

准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷西斜坡三叠系百口泉组扇三角洲优质储集层预测

针对准噶尔盆地玛湖凹陷西斜坡风南地区三叠系百口泉组扇三角洲砂岩物性空间变化大、优质储集层(孔隙度大于7.4%,渗透率大于0.05×10^-3μm²)预测难的问题,在沉积岩石学、地震沉积学以及地震反演和解释理论指导下,综合利用测井、岩心和三维地震等资料开展了高精度层序地层划分、沉积微相描述和优质储集层地震反演研究。建立了风南井区四级层序地层格架,明确了扇三角洲多期水进水退的充填过程,指出SSQ3和SSQ5是优质储集层的发育层系;识别出扇三角洲平原分流河道、河道间和扇三角洲前缘水下分流水道、河口坝、席状砂等沉积微相,指出扇三角洲平原是优质储集层发育相带;通过应用高分辨层序地层纵向边界和沉积相横向边界约束,进行分层相控叠后地震波阻抗反演,提升储集层预测精度,在SSQ3和SSQ5预测5个优质储集层发育区,提出3口井的井位建议,钻探均获工业油流。