西安地热田医疗热矿水的产出状况分析

本文介绍了西安地热田概况及开采现状, 重点讨论了西安地热田医疗热矿水的产出状况     

基于MapX的工程测量信息系统设计与实现

采用GIS管理测量数据是提高城市勘测效率的重要基础。本文介绍了利用MapX组件开发广州市建设工程测量信息系统,实现了建设工程测量图形与属性数据之间的双向查询。侧重研究建设工程测量的数据组织形式,以及空间信息和属性信息之间的关联。实验证明,利用MapX组件能高效地建造建设工程测量信息系统;系统中的空间数据结构设计合理,能较好地实现建设工程测量数据的录入、查询以及综合管理等系统要求。     

天水-秦安一带中新世黄土堆积区沉积-地貌演化

前人的构造地质学研究,将天水-秦安一带的中新世黄土分布区划归两个不同的构造单元.文章基于野外调查和已有年代地层学工作,结合前人成果,对该区新生代沉积-地貌演化历史进行研究,并划分为以下主要阶段:1)古近纪初南部秦岭山地的剥蚀,使本区在原有基岩准平原地形的基础上,形成以冲洪积平原为主的地形.古近纪末-新近纪初的构造活动使冲洪积平原解体,在秦安地区形成基岩台地与沉陷盆地相间、天水-西和地区形成拉分盆地与隆起山地交错的地貌景观,这些高地为中新世黄土堆积提供了地形基础.2)中新世从22Ma到11Ma,基岩台地和相对平缓的高地上堆积典型黄土-古土壤序列,盆地内则主要发育次生黄土等洼地沉积,表明研究区类似于今天的黄土高原.3)中新世晚期约11Ma起发生的一次侵蚀事件,使研究区的一些小盆地内发育河流相和间歇性浅湖相沉积,秦安一带的黄土堆积也遭到侵蚀,形成的洼地内发育黄土状土或洼地静水沉积,其中包含较多哺乳动物化石,而大范围的相对平坦高地上一直继续发育黄土-古土壤序列.这次侵蚀对本区内甘肃群的沉积多样性有重要贡献,但一直没有深水湖泊发育的条件.4)发生于3.5Ma以后的另一次重大侵蚀,奠定了该区今天狭窄长墚地形的基础,是第四纪黄土堆积在本区保存较差的主要原因.     

双树复小波变换在时移微重力监测上的应用——以辽河油田SAGD区为例

SAGD开发会引起地下介质密度产生较大的变化,进而引起地表重力值的变化.时移微重力监测技术通过测量地表重力值的变化来监测SAGD开发过程中蒸汽腔的形态变化,从而获得油藏开发动态变化信息.针对微重力监测技术的重力异常提取对于描述储层变化至关重要.本文利用双树复小波变换将微重力数据分解为不同尺度小波系数,结合软硬阈值折中法...     

NURE航空计划回顾与新时代航空γ能谱勘查启示

国家铀资源评价(NURE)计划实现了覆盖美国本土和阿拉斯加的1:250000 NTMS图幅航空γ能谱测量和航磁测量,通过简要回顾该计划历程,重点针对NURE中航空地球物理勘查(航空y能谱和航磁测量),讨论了航空地球物理勘查中测量技术、数据处理及解释方法等.NURE航空测量在铀矿勘查和辐射环境评价、洲际航空地球物理编图等...     

基于组合统计降尺度的华西南部地区冬季气温预测技术研究

利用1982—2017年华西南部地区冬季气温和NCEP再分析资料以及CFS模式实时预测资料,通过SVD诊断分析,选取影响华西南部地区冬季气温的同期关键区大气环流和前期海温及OLR因子场,建立预测与观测场相结合的组合统计降尺度预测模型。该统计降尺度预测模型对1982—2017年的回报结果显示：与观测场的空间相关系数较CFS模式原始预测结果有显著提高,多年均值从-0.06提升到0.38,最高可达0.85。同时,此降尺度预测模型可较好地回报出华西南区冬季气温的空间分布型。     

A coupled discrete element model for the simulation of soil and water flow through an orifice

Soil erosion around defective underground pipes can cause ground collapses and sinkholes in urban areas. Most of these soil erosion events are caused by fluidization of the surrounding soil with subsequent washing into defective sewer pipes. In this study, this soil erosion process is simplified as the gradual washout of sand particles mixed with water through an orifice. The discrete element method is used to simulate the large deformation behavior of the sand particles, and the Darcy fluid model is coupled with this approach to simulate fluid flow through porous sand media. A coupled 3D discrete element model is developed and implemented based on this scheme. To simulate previous experiments using this coupled model considering the current computing capacity, we incorporated a ‘supply layer’ to study the continuous erosion process. The coupled model can predict the erosion flow rates of sand and water and the shape of erosion void. Thus, the model can be used as an effective and efficient tool to investigate the soil erosion process around defective pipes. Copyright © 2017 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

Intergranular coesite and coesite inclusions in dolomite from the Dabie Shan: Constraints on the preservation of coesite in UHP rocks

Intergranular coesite is extremely rare in, and bears crucial information on the formation and preservation of, ultrahigh‐pressure (UHP) rocks. Here, we report the first occurrence of intergranular coesite in a metasedimentary rock, which occurs in the Ganjialing area in the Dabie Shan, east‐central China, and contains abundant coesite inclusions in both garnet and dolomite. We investigated the content of structural water in these minerals with Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy. Our new results undermine the ubiquity of the “pressure‐vessel” model and highlight the role of reaction kinetics in preserving coesite due to the availability of water in UHP rocks.     

A conduit-related genesis of the Lengshuiqing intrusive assemblage (Sichuan,SW China)

Lengshuiqing is part of the late Proterozoic igneous province from the western margin of the Yangtze craton. The Lengshuiqing area comprises five ultramafic–mafic intrusions, emplaced in the late Proterozoic Yanbian Group. The intrusions from Lengshuiqing contain cumulate ultramafic zones (peridotite + olivine pyroxenite), with cumulus olivine and Cr-spinel, and intercumulus pyroxenes, hornblende, phlogopite and plagioclase. Ni–Cu ore (pyrrhotite + pentlandite + chalcopyrite) is hosted in the ultramafic zones. Olivine-free diorite–quartz diorite ± gabbro and granite zones commonly occur above the ultramafic rocks. The genesis of the intrusions (conduit-related accumulation or differentiation from stagnant magma) was investigated. The amount of sulphides in the intrusions from Lengshuiqing is one order of magnitude bigger than the sulphides that can be dissolved by a volume of mafic magma similar with the volume of the intrusions. Most intrusions from Lengshuiqing have bulk composition (peridotite ± diorite ± granite) more magnesian (MgO = 21–22%; Mg# > 78) than the deduced composition of their parental magma (MgO = 9–11%; Mg# = 64–67). This indicates the accumulation of sulphide and mafic silicates from a volume of magma much bigger than the volume of the intrusions, which can be explained by the fractionation from magma ascending through the intrusions to shallower depths. A continuous supply and vent of magma is consistent with the lack of chilled margins, the melting of the wall rocks and the generation of high-temperature mineral assemblages (K-feldspar, diopside, and sillimanite) in the Yanbian Group. The intrusions from Lengshuiqing are seen as microchambers on conduits draining olivine-, Cr-spinel-, and sulphide-bearing mafic magma from a larger staging chamber.