2008年12月2—6日寒潮天气过程分析

利用常规天气观测资料、美国NCEP/NCAR 1°×1°网格点逐6h再分析资料,采用天气学原理和天气动力学诊断分析方法,对2008年12月2-6日寒潮天气过程进行分析和总结.结果表明:此次寒潮天气过程出现在欧洲脊强烈发展并缓慢东移、北半球中高纬环流形势由纬向型向经向型转换过程中.西脊前强偏北风带南移、横槽涡度西部大于东部、横槽前东南方的负变高和横槽后部的暖平流正变高等促使横槽转竖;南掉极涡与转竖低槽合并后,低槽明显向南加深,冷空气势力显著加强并开始向南爆发;自西脊西北部入侵小槽压迫高脊向东南方向移动并逐渐崩溃,脊前偏北气流逆转为西北气流,引导冷空气大举向南爆发,造成了此次寒潮天气过程.强盛的冷平流是造成气温骤降的主要原因.强风的形成除与冷平流侵入有关外,还与高空动量下传的增加密切相关.山东半岛降雨和强降雪的环流成因和物理量特征存在明显差异,降雨为冷暖空气交汇所致;强降雪则是冷平流、海陆分布差异和地形抬升共同影响的结果.T639、ECMWF和日本等3种数值模式均对这次亚欧中高纬大气环流的演变和调整均做出了较准确的预报,尤以ECMWF模式预报性能最好.     

Two-dimensional properties of nearby galaxies

Research on two-dimensional (2-D) properties of galaxies is a significant component of the study of galaxy formation and evolution. Through the spatial distribution of physical properties (derived from integrated luminosity and spectroscopy) of galaxies, we are allowed to realize the inner environment and evolution history of each individual galaxy and finally answer how galaxies were assembled. In this paper, with reviewing previous work, we present a proposal for study on 2-D properties of nearby galaxies. In our prospective work, we will make use of multi-wavelength data covering a range from ultraviolet to far-infrared to determine the distributions of properties such as age, metallicity and dust-reddening in nearby galaxies, and try to remove the degeneracy among them. Combining with surface photometry and spectroscopy, we will also analyze the distribution of HII regions and star formation properties in galaxies. In our future plan, the World Space Observatory for Ultraviolet (WSO/UV) will be applied to our research and allow detail diagnosis of nearby galaxies at ultraviolet band.     

Measurements of electronic properties of the Miyun 50 m Radio Telescope

Measurement results of some properties of the Miyun 50 m radio telescope (MRT50) of the National Astronomical Observatories, such as pointing calibration, an-tenna beams, system noise temperature, gain and gain variations with elevation are intro-duced. By using a new de-convolution technique developed by our group, the broadening effect on measured beams caused by the width of an extended radio source has been re-moved so that we obtained higher accuracy on the measurements of MRT50 beams.     

The Influences of Shock Thickness and Alfven Waves on the Particle Acceleration by Diffusive Shocks

The influences of the shock thickness and Alfven waves on the particle acceleration by diffusive shock waves are numerically studied through solving one-dimensional diffusive equation including the second-order Fermi effect. It is shown that the spectral index of the energetic particles strongly depends on the shock thickness. For example, the spectral index increases from 2.1 to 3.7 in the low energy range of 3—10 MeV and from 2.5 to 5.0 in the high energy range of 20—60 MeV as the thickness increases. The spectral index decreases from 4.3 to 3.1 as the particle injection energy increases. The spectral index decreases from 4.0 to 1.8 at the quasi-steady stage with the enhancement of the compression ratio from 2 to 4. The results indicate that under the influence of Alfven waves, the energetic particle spectrum at lower energy becomes flat and the spectral index decreases from 2.5 to 0.6 in the low energy range of 3—10 MeV and from 11.6 to 5.0 in the high energy range of 20—60 MeV. At the same time, the turning point energy reaches 19.6 MeV. The spectral index decreases from 5.8 to 2.9 as the energy density of Alfven waves increases. All these results are basically consistent with the theoretical models, as well as the observations of typical energetic particle events.     

应用聚类和因子分析讨论猫岭金矿元素组合特征

猫岭金矿是一低品位、大型热液型金矿床。金矿体主要以脉状、似层状、透镜状产于下元古界辽河群盖县组二段的千枚岩中,受北北东向片理化带及低序次构造裂隙所控制。矿床原生晕样品的 R 型聚类分析和因子分析的结果表明,与金矿化关系最密切的元素为 Pb、Ag,其次为 As。即 Au、Pb、Ag 代表了主成矿阶段矿化元素组合特征,而 As 和 Co、Ni 元素组合分别反映了与 Au 矿化具成因联系的毒砂和磁黄铁矿化特点。(Au、Pb、Ag)因子与(As、Ag)因子紧密相关,与宏观上所见矿化阶段生成的矿物(自然金、方铅矿等)沿毒砂裂隙分布的特点相吻合,从而说明这两个因子的元素组合代表了最佳成矿地段的元素组合特征。     

薄脉状金矿体空间形态的地质统计学研究——以东坪金矿床为例

脉状金矿体空间形态的估计误差对矿床储量的影响远大于矿块品位的影响，提出指示值作为区分矿与非矿的指标，并且指出这种指标具有区域化变量的特征，可以利用克立格法对其进行有效估计，进而确定矿体的空间形态，通过研究认为此法可作为一种精确估计矿床储量的有效途径。     

An experimental study on temperature increasing mechanism of satellitic thermo-infrared

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二重孔隙介质地下水溶质运移模型应用研究

为比较准确地模拟二重孔隙介质地下水溶质运移 ,本文依据二重孔隙介质法 ,分别对孔隙岩块和裂隙介质建立相应的溶质运移模型 ,将孔隙岩块视为作用于裂隙介质的源或汇 ,对反映岩块和裂隙介质之间物质交换的耦合项进行了数学推导。应用本文方法在济南地区建立起二重孔隙介质溶质运移模型。研究结果表明 ,此方法更实际地反映出裂隙对溶质较强的传导能力和孔隙岩块对溶质较强的贮存能力     

关于珍稀鱼类石川粗鳍鱼(Trachipterus ishikawae Jordan et Snyder,1901)的新资料

石川粗鳍鱼由 D.S.Jordan和 J.O.Snyder(190 1)首次根据一尾采自东京湾口外的标本建立的 ,而本文的标本则采自中国黄海和东海等处。本种在体形、鳞片和身体结节等方面与皇带鱼(Regalecusglecus)相似 ,故常被混淆。经详细研究后 ,作者补充描述了本种的若干重要性状并同体形近似的皇带鱼对比 ,找出两种鱼在背鳍起点和肛门位置、腹鳍鳍条、头部骨片、口部结构、牙齿的有无及其分布、鳃耙数目、眼睛大小、侧线鳞及身体结节特点等方面的显著差别。