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71.
青海玉树地震差分干涉雷达同震形变测量 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
2010-04-14青海玉树发生7.1级地震后,作者利用震前和震后获取的日本ALOS卫星PALSAR遥感数据,开展了差分干涉雷达(D-InSAR)地震同震形变测量与分析。结果表明:玉树地震引起较大范围地表变形,地震变形沿玉树—甘孜断裂带向南东东方向扩展,在N33.7°,E96.81°附近达到最大形变量,D-InSAR监测到雷达视向上的最大形变量为35cm。地表形变特征对于评价玉树地震破坏程度、推断断层性质、研究地震形变和地震孕育特征具有重要的参考价值。 相似文献
72.
Texture information offers an extensive solution for image classification by providing better accuracy of image information.
However, huge amounts of improper additional texture information may result in a chaotic state, and this leads to uncertainty
in the classification process. Considerable portion of earlier works have been carried out through the generally acknowledged
procedure of Principal Components Analysis (PCA). However, the PCA method has flaws in the area of influenced and non- influenced
attributes. On the whole, whether PCA provides an effective solution to determine the value of knowledge rule in image information
still remains a question. This study proposes an innovative method, called Discrete Rough Set method, as a tool for image
classification. This study focuses on two crucial issues: (1) The core attributes of the target categories in image classification
are systematically analyzed while eliminating surplus attributes rationally; (2) The unique point of each attribute, which
influenced the target categories, is successfully found. This is a crucial aspect that is very helpful for the construction
of decision rule. Finally, in this study we utilized the expert knowledge classifier and the overall accuracy of Discrete
Rough Set (96.67%) exceeds that of the conventional PCA (86.00%) of paddy rice area evaluation from Quickbird image. This
result shows that the appropriate classification knowledge can be presented by Discrete Rough Set, and this information can
effectively improve the accuracy of image classification.
An erratum to this article can be found at 相似文献
73.
The knowledge rules of debris flow event: A case study for investigation Chen Yu Lan River, Taiwan 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
Debris flow, one of the most active hydrological processes, brings about a great loss of life and properties in the Chen Yu Lan River area, Nan-Tou County, Taiwan. The goal of this study is to manage and monitor the debris flows in a vast area. Thus, the strategy is to collect hydraulical and in-situ data easily and quickly through our spatial information system. Then, a novel Data Mining technique will be developed to find a rule-based knowledge system of debris flow. The entire study can be divided into two parts. In the first part, using spatial information the debris flow image is extracted from the outbreak area. The system provides precise positional information pertaining to the debris flow events. Attributes such as effective watershed area, Normalized Difference Vegetation Index (NDVI), and slope are automatically obtained from the system. In the second part of this study, K-mean theory is used to classify the observed hydraulical and in-situ data into different categories. Then, the ‘Effective Rough Set’ method is successfully used to analyze the factors influencing the debris flow phenomenon and delivers rational knowledge rules. The contribution of this study is presented that NDVI, slope and effective watershed area are the major factors influencing debris flow in the study area. The knowledge rules can provide better understanding on the elevation of high potential debris catchments. 相似文献
74.
Most submarine gas hydrates are located within the two-phase equilibrium region of hydrate and interstitial water with pressures (P) ranging from 8 to 60 MPa and temperatures (T) from 275 to 293 K. However, current measurements of solubilities of methane in equilibrium with hydrate in the absence of a vapor phase are limited below 20 MPa and 283.15 K, and the differences among these data are up to 30%. When these data were extrapolated to other P-T conditions, it leads to large and poorly known uncertainties. In this study, in situ Raman spectroscopy was used to measure methane concentrations in pure water in equilibrium with sI (structure one) methane hydrate, in the absence of a vapor phase, at temperatures from 276.6 to 294.6 (±0.3) K and pressures at 10, 20, 30 and 40 (±0.4%) MPa. The relationship among concentration of methane in water in equilibrium with hydrate, in mole fraction [X(CH4)], the temperature in K, and pressure in MPa was derived as: X(CH4) = exp [11.0464 + 0.023267 P − (4886.0 + 8.0158 P)/T]. Both the standard enthalpy and entropy of hydrate dissolution at the studied T-P conditions increase slightly with increasing pressure, ranging from 41.29 to 43.29 kJ/mol and from 0.1272 to 0.1330 kJ/K · mol, respectively. When compared with traditional sampling and analytical methods, the advantages of our method include: (1) the use of in situ Raman signals for methane concentration measurements eliminates possible uncertainty caused by sampling and ex situ analysis, (2) it is simple and efficient, and (3) high-pressure data can be obtained safely. 相似文献
75.
The equivalent operator equation is derived from the full primitive nonlinear equations of the atmospheric motion and the properties and physical senses of the operators are studied.In the infinite dimensional Hilbert space,the global asymptotic behavior of the atmosphere system with the non-stationary external forcing is studied under the assumption of the bounded external forcing.The existence theorems of the global absorbing set and the global attractor are obtained.Thus,the conclusions deduced from the large-scale atmosphere(Li and Chou 1996a;1996b) are extended to the general atmosphere. 相似文献
76.
经验正交函数展开精度的稳定性研究 总被引:7,自引:3,他引:7
在文献[1]中,我们已从理论和数值模拟两个方面研究了用经验正交函数作基函数缩减气候数值模式自由度的可行性与有效性。用理论模型作数值试验的结果是令人满意的,应用于实际气候数值模拟,一个还需考虑的关键问题是大气外强迫等各种因子变化允许的范围内,对实际资料作EOF展开的稳定性问题。本文分别用1951—1984年500 hPa月平均高度距平场资料,1966—1975年500 hPa候平均高度距平场资料,1965—1978年夏季500 hPa逐日高度距平场资料作EOF展开,并提出了经验正交函数展开精度稳定性的判断方法,旨在证明实际资料EOF展开在大气外强迫等各种因子变化的允许范围内是稳定的,以便为我们用实际资料的经验正交函数作基函数建立一个合理的简化动力模型提供坚实的资料基础。 相似文献
77.
78.
One of the key issues in international climate negotiations is the formulation of targets for emissions reduction for all countries based on the principle of "common but differentiated responsibilities". This formulation depends primarily on the quantitative attribution of the responsibilities of developed and developing countries for historical climate change. Using the Commuity Earth System Model(CESM), we estimate the responsibilities of developed countries and developing countries for climatic change from 1850 to 2005 using their carbon dioxide, methane and nitrous oxide emissions. The results indicate that developed countries contribute approximately 53%–61%, and developing countries approximately 39%–47%, to the increase in global air temperature, upper oceanic warming, sea-ice reduction in the NH, and permafrost degradation. In addition, the spatial heterogeneity of these changes from 1850 to 2005 is primarily attributed to the emissions of greenhouse gases(GHGs)in developed countries. Although uncertainties remain in the climate model and the external forcings used, GHG emissions in developed countries are the major contributor to the observed climate system changes in the 20 th century. 相似文献
79.
注浆管表面的固体润滑涂层研究 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
研究了帷幕灌浆中注浆管表面的固体润滑涂层组成.用附着力试验仪、耐磨试验机、冲击试验机、电子万能试验机测试了固体润滑涂层的附着力、耐磨性、抗冲击性和拔管摩擦阻力,用傅立叶红外光谱仪(FTIR)分析了固体润滑涂料磨损前后的变化.结果表明:环氧树脂固体润滑涂层的耐磨性和附着力优于不饱和树脂固体润滑涂层,但抗冲击强度低于不饱和树脂固体润滑涂层;涂敷不饱和树脂固体润滑涂层注浆管的拔管摩擦阻力小于涂敷环氧树脂固体润滑涂层注浆管的拔管摩擦阻力,比未涂敷固体润滑涂层注浆管的拔管摩擦阻力平均降低25%;耐磨性和拔管摩擦阻力随固体润滑涂层的涂层厚度增大而下降.傅立叶红外分析结果表明,涂层磨损后,部分官能团的峰面积发生了变化.试验分析表明,润滑摩擦作用机制是层剥落磨损. 相似文献
80.