TBB-REVEALED ANNUAL CYCLE FEATURES OF TROPICAL LFO*

In the context of 1980-1992 JMA(Japan Meteorological Agency) GMS TBB gridded dataset,study is undertaken of annual cycle features of FFT-derived window power spectrum averaged over the record length,with localized space/time characteristics of low-frequency oscillation(LFO) in the tropical atmosphere investigated alongside possible causes.It turns out that the LFO takes on surprisingly noticeable annual cycle features marked by a wider variable range of the LFO periods over northern tropics than the southern counterpart and equatorial vicinity.In addition,on the whole,the signals are more intense in the Northern Hemisphere during summer/autumn and at equatorial/southern latitudes when northern winter/spring occur as well.Also,not all these features are identical for different segments at the same latitudes,displaying signatures on a local basis,and the spatial/temporal locality can be qualitatively interpreted in terms of nonlinear interaction between tropical waves,and modulation of diabatic heating on the LFO periods.     

TOGA－COARE强化期（IOP）西太平洋海域的辐射特征

该文利用ＴＯＧＡ－ＣＯＡＲＥ强化观测期（ＩＯＰ）所获得的辐射观测资料（１９９２年１１月１０日—１９９３年２月１８日），对考察点（２°１５′Ｓ，１５８°００′Ｅ）的辐射分量进行了分析，其中包括总辐射、直接辐射、散射辐射、海表长波辐射、大气逆辐射、海表反射辐射及其反照率、净辐射及有效辐射。结果表明：和其它地区（如高原）比较，观测点的总辐射、直接辐射均很强；反射率小，晴天平均为０．０４—０．０５，阴天为０．０６—０．０８；海表长波辐射大而日变化小，大气逆辐射强而日变化大；有效辐射小而净辐射大。     

Dynamic interaction factor considering axial load

Using the dynamic differential equation of beam and considering the surrounding soil as dynamic Winkler foundation, the simplified dynamic interaction factors of group piles are analyzed with axial load under horizontal harmonic load and horizontal seismic affection. When the axial load was replaced by zero, the expression of dynamic interaction factor would be the same as that deduced by Markris and Gazetas (1992, Earthquake Eng Struct Dyn 21(2):145–162). And under special situation analysis, there would be obvious effect on dynamic interaction factor when the axial load was large. The differences are obvious when considering axial load, and the relative errors would be 14% or greater, so it’s proper to consider axial load when the dynamic interaction factor are calculated.     

区域历史人口空间格局精细化重建:方法与实证

以清中期（1736~1820年）苏州府为例,探索历史时期人口空间分布的影响机制,构建历史人口空间分布适宜性计算方法,在2个典型时段（1776年、1820年）重建1 km×1 km空间格网下的人口数据集。研究结果表明:① 在数量上,1776年,苏州府人口总量为511.1万,其中城市人口120.1万,农村人口391.0万;1820年,总人口为590.8万,其中城市168.7万,农村422.1万;城市人口增长速率明显快于农村人口。② 空间格局上,1776~1820年,苏州府中部的吴县、长洲、元和等县人口较为集中,东北部昭文、新阳及中南部吴江、震泽等县较为稀疏,但区域间差异渐趋缩小;人口增长主要集中在城镇区域,较高等级城镇人口集聚特征更为显著。③ 通过与当地历史文献及现代人口格局进行相关性和趋势检验,总体特征、分布趋势和变化特点具有一致性。     

浅谈地质预报与监测在某水电站边坡塌方中发挥的作用

该洞口进口段及边坡有多条岩脉在此交汇,工程地质条件较差,在开挖过程中由于支护不及时,发生了冒顶,但在冒顶前,多点位移计等监测仪器监测到了不同程度的突变,地质预报也根据开挖情况及时进行预了围岩类别的预测及安全提示,对指导施工及人员安全发挥了预测及提醒作用。     

Spatially explicit changes of forestland in Taiwan Province from 1910 to 2010

Journal of Geographical Sciences - Reconstructing long-term changes of forest cover (FC) can provide reliable underlying data for carbon source/sink accounting and simulation of the effects of land...     

Evolution of the Pearl River and its Implication for East Asian Continental Landscape Reversion

As the link connecting the South China Continent and the northern South China Sea(SCS),the Pearl River is the focus of sedimentology and petroleum geology research.Its evolutionary process and controlling factors are of great significance in revealing the East Asian continental landscape reorganization during the Late Cenozoic.Based on published data,’source-to-sink’provenance analyses allow systematic deliberation on the birth and evolutionary history of the Pearl River.Close to the Oligocene/Miocene boundary,an abrupt shift in the sedimentary composition indicates significant westward and northward expansion of the river’s watershed area,followed by the establishment of a near-modern fluvial network.This sedimentary change generally concurred with a series of regional geological events,including the onset of the Yangtze throughflow,large-scale development of the loess plateau,and formation of the northwestern arid zone and Asian Monsoon system.These major changes in the geology-climate-ecoenvironment system are in close response to the process of the Cenozoic Xizang(Tibetan)Plateau uplift.Consequently,the East Asian continental landscape and most of midCenozoic drainage systems underwent critical reversion into east-tilting,or east-flowing networks.     

集成遥感数据的陆地净初级生产力估算模型研究综述

净初级生产力(NPP)是衡量碳循环、指导土地利用、评估生态安全、指示环境变化、反映粮食安全等的重要参量,其估算受模型构建机理和生态系统关键地表参数输入的影响。近年来,随着遥感数据的不断丰富和遥感处理技术的快速发展,集成遥感数据的NPP估算模型相较于仅采用气候、土壤等传统观测数据的非遥感模型,在分析时空异质性等方面的优势日益凸显。本文基于Web of Science和CNKI两大数据库,采用文献统计分析方法,系统回顾NPP研究概况及国内外集成遥感数据的NPP估算模型的近期进展;并将集成遥感数据进行NPP估算的模型分为统计模型、光能利用率模型、过程模型及耦合模型四类;重点阐述了各类遥感估算模型的机理、差异性、适宜性及局限性;最后,在分析NPP遥感估算面临困境和科学挑战的基础上,从机理与影响因素、数据基础、参数反演、时空尺度拓展、软硬件支撑等方面对未来研究进行了展望。     

土地利用碳排放核算系统设计与实现

针对土地利用碳排放核算方法的参数设置烦琐、计算过程复杂等缺点,限制了碳排放核算模型广泛应用于我国土地利用/覆被变化导致的碳收支研究。本文选择了簿记模型基本原型作为核心算法,构建一套包含土地开垦/退耕、森林收获/恢复4种情景在内的土地利用碳排放核算系统。系统以地理区域为核算基本单元,可逐年并行核算多个区域土地利用活动导致的土壤和植被直接碳排放,提高了碳排放估算的效率;系统界面简洁明了、输入参数少、操作简便。     

基于随机森林模型的黄河流域城市建设用地结构时空演化及其驱动机制研究

城市是区域人口、产业等要素集聚的主要空间载体,系统揭示黄河流域城市建设用地结构演化及其驱动机制对于深入推进黄河流域生态保护和高质量发展战略落实具有重要意义。基于黄河流域2007—2019年城市建设用地数据,论文运用信息熵模型分析了黄河流域城市建设用地结构的时空演化特征,并用随机森林模型探讨其驱动机制。结果表明：(1) 2007—2019年,黄河流域城市建设用地面积快速增长,年均增速达5.34%,但城市建设用地结构信息熵不断降低,经历了“高位无序—相对稳定—低位有序”的变化过程;(2)黄河上、中、下游城市建设用地规模增速依次加大,年均增速分别达到3.91%、5.06%、6.22%;中游地区城市建设用地结构信息熵下降最多,上游地区和下游地区降幅相近;(3)黄河流域各类建设用地主要配置在省会及经济发达城市;黄河流域城市用地结构信息熵存在空间异质性,省会城市及经济发达城市建设用地结构信息熵存在降低趋势,而欠发达城市的信息熵逐步增大;(4)城市用地规模和城市人口规模对城市建设用地结构演化的作用最强,产业结构升级和财政支出规模的作用强度次之,经济发展水平和政策支持力度的作用较小,上中下游影响因子的...