长江三角洲地区对流层臭氧的变化趋势

Analysis of tropospheric ozone residual (TOR) data from satellite measurements indicates an increasing trend of tropospheric ozone over the Yangtze Delta region of China. The increasing trend can be derived both from the annual mean TOR and from the monthly mean TOR except for January and March. The increase rate of the decadal mean TOR was 0.82 DU during 1978-2000. The impact of this long-term trend on the climate and atmospheric oxidizing capacity over the region should be further studied. Data comparison shows a significant correlation between the TOR and surface ozone data collected at Lin'an background station in the Yangtze Delta region, suggesting an internal connection between both quantities.     

矢量数据动态存贮方法的研究

本文通过对三种矢量数据动态存贮方法的分析比较，并通过实践，找到一种安全可靠并且比较实用的数据动态存贮方式。     

长垣县城区冬季噪声监测与评价

借助HS6288系列噪声分析仪,对河南省长垣县城区噪声进行了实地监测。依据国家城市区域环境噪声标准,并结合综合污染指数法和模糊综合评价法对监测结果进行分析评价。结果表明,长垣县城区总体噪声水平为4级(中污染),声环境已出现恶化。在分析长垣县城区噪声污染及其分布的同时,结合实地调查,提出了一些针对小城镇噪声污染防治的对策。     

Study on cut-off low-pressure systems with floods over Northeast Asia

Summary The cut-off lows (COLs) during the period from June to August 1998 leading to the record flood in Northeast Asia, especially in Northeast China, has been investigated in this paper. The results are as follows: the blocking highs benefited significantly the formation and maintenance of COLs over Northeast China; an obvious frontogenesis zone existed in Northeast China and it implies that baroclinity played an important role in the initiation of COLs, especially in middle and upper troposphere; the maxima of the potential vorticity anomaly were located in the upper troposphere, then extended downwards to the middle and the lower troposphere. The pronounced interaction between systems in upper-middle and low troposphere can be revealed; the moisture supply was from South China, and even from East China Sea and South China Sea. The strong southerly current transported very rich moisture to Northeast China. The maximum of the convergence of moisture flux was below 850 hPa. Obvious interaction between the middle and lower latitude systems was found in the study. Also, the summer monsoon showed significant impacts on the sustained heavy rainfalls related with the COLs over Northeast China; the upward motion could be caused by the lifting of the large scale dynamic forcing and there was no obvious releasing of latent heating in the upper-middle troposphere. The cold dome in the COLs was quite different both from the warm core in tropical cyclone and from the weaker warm core in Meiyu (Baiu) front low. The calculation of vorticity budget shows that both the horizontal advection term and horizontal divergence term contributed importantly to the maintenance and the strengthening of positive relative vorticity. Finally, the complex dynamical characteristics regarding the COLs are discussed and further investigation is proposed.     

全数字航测相机ADS40及其应用初探

本文简单介绍了目前国际上比较流行的线阵航空数字传感器ADS40的一些基本情况,分析了该传感器的技术优势与应用意义,并对配套应用技术的开发问题进行了初步的讨论。     

Derivatives of the Gravity Potential with Respect to Rectangular Coordinates

Starting from a complex operator of derivation, we give expressions for derivatives of arbitrary order of the gravity potential with respect to rectangular coordinates. These expressions have a form similar to the original potential expanded in spherical harmonics and are free of singularity at the poles. Computing sets of numerical coefficients once for all, we can compute the derivatives with a very limited work: the same functions are used to compute all derivatives by means of a unique parametrized formula. This is very comfortable for further algebraic manipulations. Numerical tests prove the accuracy and the efficiency of the algorithm derived from our formula to compute the gravity acceleration vector and the gravity gradient tensor.     

Testing the nonsysmmetric gravitational theory with rotation curves of galaxies

We use the rotation curves of 13 galaxies to test the nonsymmetric gravitaional theory (NGT). If we follow Moffat's assumption of a constant mass-to-light for all galaxies then we shall find that the two supposedly universal constants r₀, L₀ to show a large scatter. By regarding the mass-to-light ratio as a free parameter for each galaxy, and adjusting the values of r₀, L₀, we find that NGT can well account for the observed rotation curves. Further, the mass-to-light ratios so found show the well-known trend along the Hubble morphological sequence.     

GPS卫星的激光测距和应用研究

简述了SLR和GPS跟踪技术的发展概况。详细介绍了近几年来对GPS－35、36卫星的激光测距进展和应用研究的情况。给出了残差分析的初步结果,并指出了目前GPS卫星的稀少的激光测距资料对卫星精密定轨和站坐标的解算是有价值的。同时,也简单地评述了GPS卫星的微波和激光跟踪技术各自的优势和弱点．建议联合利用GPS-35、36卫星的SLR和GPS观测资料来开展有关的应用研究。最后,对今后的应用研究工作提出了建议．     

可用于带耗散力卫星轨道长间隔积分的数值积分方法

本文分析了对称方法不适合带耗散力的卫星轨道长间隔积分的缺陷和本质原因,并针对这个问题,采用文所介绍的方法,构造并推荐了一组积分公式。     

云南天文台三孔较差视宁度监视仪的建立

较详细地讲述了云南天文台三孔较差视宁度监视仪的情况,然而,与一般天文理论和天文技术的专题研究不一样,天文仪器的研制有如说是研究,还不如说是归纳;它不是分析一个具体的尚未解决的难题,而是把许多已知的理论和技术综合起来,构成一台具体的仪器。所以,本文把许多至少是表面上互不相关的理论和技术问题归纳到一篇论文中。仪器是有许多模块组成的,为了看起来逻辑性较强,我们将仪器分模块叙述,全文遵循如下顺序：１在第一篇中,回顾世界各天文台视宁度测量设备的发展史和云南天文台的宁静度测量发展史;２在第二篇中,介绍：１）云南天文台三孔较差视宁度研制任务的来源,仪器的整体状况;２）介绍云南天文台三孔较差视宁度仪的硬件系统;３）介绍云南天文台三孔较差视宁度仪的软件系统;若大模块中有多个小模块,在每一个大模块中,又遵循下述顺序：１）本模块的总体功能;２）构成该模块的基本技术;３）这些基本技术如何构成整体和完成预定功能。３在第三篇中,介绍我们所作的与视宁度测量有关的一些实验和实验结果。