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21.
Xiushu QIE Shanfeng YUAN Zhixiong CHEN Dongfeng WANG Dongxia LIU Mengyu SUN Zhuling SUN Abhay SRIVASTAVA Hongbo ZHANG Jingyu LU Hui XIAO Yongheng BI Liang FENG Ye TIAN Yan XU Rubin JIANG Mingyuan LIU Xian XIAO Shu DUAN Debin SU Chengyun SUN Wenjing XU Yijun ZHANG Gaopeng LU Da-Lin ZHANG Yan YIN Ye YU 《中国科学:地球科学(英文版)》2021,64(1):10-26
The Dynamical-microphysical-electrical Processes in Severe Thunderstorms and Lightning Hazards(STORM973)project conducted coordinated comprehensive field observations of thunderstorms in the Beijing metropolitan region(BMR)during the warm season from 2014 to 2018.The aim of the project was to understand how dynamical,microphysical and electrical processes interact in severe thunderstorms in the BMR,and how to assimilate lightning data in numerical weather prediction models to improve severe thunderstorm forecasts.The platforms used in the field campaign included the Beijing Lightning Network(BLNET,consisting of 16 stations),2 X-band dual linear polarimetric Doppler radars,and 4 laser raindrop spectrometers.The collaboration also made use of the China Meteorological Administration’s mesoscale meteorological observation network in the Beijing-Tianjin-Hebei region.Although diverse thunderstorm types were documented,it was found that squall lines and multicell storms were the two major categories of severe thunderstorms with frequent lightning activity and extreme rainfall or unexpected local short-duration heavy rainfall resulting in inundations in the central urban area,influenced by the terrain and environmental conditions.The flash density maximums were found in eastern Changping District,central and eastern Shunyi District,and the central urban area of Beijing,suggesting that the urban heat island effect has a crucial role in the intensification of thunderstorms over Beijing.In addition,the flash rate associated with super thunderstorms can reach hundreds of flashes per minute in the central city regions.The super(5%of the total),strong(35%),and weak(60%)thunderstorms contributed about 37%,56%,and 7%to the total flashes in the BMR,respectively.Owing to the close connection between lightning activity and the thermodynamic and microphysical characteristics of the thunderstorms,the lightning flash rate can be used as an indicator of severe weather events,such as hail and short-duration heavy rainfall.Lightning data can also be assimilated into numerical weather prediction models to help improve the forecasting of severe convection and precipitation at the cloud-resolved scale,through adjusting or correcting the thermodynamic and microphysical parameters of the model. 相似文献
22.
中国省域广播电视业发展水平的空间计量研究 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
以2008~2014年中国31个省域的统计数据为基础,采用空间计量经济学方法对中国广播电视业发展水平的空间格局及其影响因素进行测算与分析。研究发现,中国省域广播电视业发展水平最高的集聚分布于东部沿海地区,部分东部地区和中部地区发展一般,西北、西南地区发展水平较低,总体呈现从东向西递减的梯度变化,但全国整体发展水平呈现显著上升趋势。经济发展水平、消费需求、财政投入和信息技术水平与中国广播电视产业呈现正相关,而产业结构与广播电视产业呈现负相关,且各省地理空间的邻接上未表现出溢出效应。 相似文献
23.
Numerical experiments in an idealized river mouth are conducted using a three-dimensional hydrodynamics model (EFDC model) to examine the impacts of suspended sediment concentration (SSC), settling velocity of sediment and tidal mixing on the formation and maintenance of estuarine hyperpycnal flows. The standard experiment presents an illustrative view of hyperpycnal flows that carry high-concentrated sediment and low-salinity water in the bottom layer (>1.0 m in thickness) along the subaqueous slope. The structure and intra-tidal variation of the simulated hyperpycnal flows are quite similar to those previously observed off the Huanghe (Yellow River) mouth. Results from the three control experiments show that SSC of river effluents is the most important parameter to the formation of hyperpycnal flows. High SSC will increase the bulk density of river effluents and thus offset the density difference between freshwater and seawater. Low SSC of river effluents will produce a surface river plume, as commonly observed in most large estuaries. Both the settling velocity of sediment particles and the tidal mixing play an important role in maintaining the hyperpycnal flows. Increasing settling velocity enhances the deposition of sediment from the hyperpycnal layer and thus accelerates the attenuation of hyperpycnal flows, whereas increasing tidal mixing destroys the stratification of water column and therefore makes the hyperpycnal flows less evident. Our results from numerical experiments are of importance to understand the initiation and maintenance of hyperpycnal flows in estuaries and provide a reference to the rapidly decaying hyperpycnal flows off the Huanghe river mouth due to climatic and anthropogenic forcing over the past several decades. 相似文献
24.
Zhi-Jia Tian Xiao-Wei Liu Hai-Bo Yuan Bing-Qiu Chen Mao-Sheng Xiang Yang Huang Chun Wang Hua-Wei Zhang Jin-Cheng Guo Juan-Juan Ren Zhi-Ying Huo Yong Yang Meng Zhang Shao-Lan Bi Wu-Ming Yang Kang Liu Xian-Fei Zhang Tan-Da Li Ya-Qian Wu Jing-Hua Zhang 《天文和天体物理学研究(英文版)》2018,(5)
Stellar systems composed of single, double, triple or higher-order systems are rightfully regarded as the fundamental building blocks of the Milky Way. Binary stars play an important role in formation and evolution of the Galaxy. Through comparing the radial velocity variations from multiepoch observations, we analyze the binary fraction of dwarf stars observed with LAMOST. Effects of different model assumptions, such as orbital period distributions on the estimate of binary fractions,are investigated. The results based on log-normal distribution of orbital periods reproduce the previous complete analyses better than the power-law distribution. We find that the binary fraction increases with Teff and decreases with [Fe/H]. We first investigate the relation between α-elements and binary fraction in such a large sample as provided by LAMOST. The old stars with high [α/Fe] dominate with a higher binary fraction than young stars with low [α/Fe]. At the same mass, earlier forming stars possess a higher binary fraction than newly forming ones, which may be related with evolution of the Galaxy. 相似文献
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28.
吉南古元古代集安群泥质变质岩P—T—t轨迹及其地质意义 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
吉南古元古代分布区大地构造划分为辽吉裂谷系和浑江裂陷槽,集安群是辽吉裂谷系早期产物。泥质变质岩呈北东向分布于裂谷带内,经历了形成期后的中高级变质作用。本文在岩石建造、地质构造等研究基础上,通过变质作用研究,利用变质石榴石环带分析方法,建立了集安泥质变质岩P-T-t轨迹。该轨迹表明集安群形成以来经历了两次拉张变质作用。在变质作用动态过程中,泥质原岩发生变质变形,P-T-t轨迹反映了该区古元古代地质演 相似文献
29.
Wang Yong Hou Zengqian Mo Xuanxue Dong Fangliu Bi Xianmei Zeng Pusheng 《Frontiers of Earth Science》2007,1(3):322-332
More than 140 middle-small sized deposits or minerals are present in the Weishan-Yongping ore concentration area which is
located in the southern part of a typical Lanping strike-slip and pull-apart basin. It has plenty of mineral resources derived
from the collision between the Indian and Asian plates. The ore-forming fluid system in the Weishan-Yongping ore concentration
area can be divided into two subsystems, namely, the Zijinshan subsystem and Gonglang arc subsystem. The ore-forming fluids
of Cu, Co deposits in the Gonglang arc fluid subsystem have δD values between −83.8‰ and −69‰, δ18O values between 4.17‰ and 10.45‰, and δ13C values between −13.6‰ and 3.7‰, suggesting that the ore-forming fluids of Cu, Co deposits were derived mainly from magmatic
water and partly from formation water. The ore-forming fluids of Au, Pb, Zn, Fe deposits in the Zijinshan subsystem have δD
values between −117.4‰ and −76‰, δ18O values between 5.32‰ and 9.56‰, and Δ13C values between −10.07‰ and −1.5‰. The ore-forming fluids of Sb deposits have δD values between −95‰ and −78‰, δ18O values between 4.5‰ and 32.3‰, and Δ13C values between −26.4‰ and −1.9‰. Hence, the ore-forming fluids of the Zijinshan subsystem must have been derived mainly
from formation water and partly from magmatic water. Affected by the collision between the Indian and Asian plates, ore-forming
fluids in Weishan-Yongping basin migrated considerably from southwest to northeast. At first, the Gonglang arc subsystem with
high temperature and high salinity was formed. With the development of the ore-forming fluids, the Zijinshan subsystem with
lower temperature and lower salinity was subsequently formed.
Translated from Mineral Deposits, 2006, 25(1): 60–70 [译自: 矿床地质] 相似文献
30.
陈传康的学术生命路径和学术树 总被引:2,自引:0,他引:2
通过扩展传统的生命路径 ( life path)概念、并建立学术树 ( discipline tree)概念 ,研究已故当代中国著名地理学家、旅游学家陈传康教授的学术史。在统计了陈传康教授全部 1 2 1 2种次的学术著述的基础上 ,首先在时间纬度上建立了学术生命路径曲线、系统式和时序式生命路径表 ,用以统计分析陈传康教授的学术论著种次的分布情况和变迁过程 ,一方面反映出著作量随中国当代历史的脉动而出现的起伏变化 ,另一方面通过观察时间轴上这些著述的学科点的分布变化 ,不仅体现 2 0世纪 5 0年代~ 90年代陈传康学术偏好的转徙 ,也反映出 5 0年间中国地理学整体的变化轨迹。利用学术树的概念 ,统计分析陈传康一生构筑的个人学术体系 ,最终勾勒出其一生经营的学术群落的整体景观。 相似文献