复杂介质地震波传播的褶积微分算子数值模拟h

将佛尔塞（Forsyte）广义正交多项式微分算子地震波场正演模拟算法运用于复杂非均匀介质模型的波场数值模拟中,并比较了该方法在计算效率和计算精度方面与有限差分方法和伪谱法的差异. 数值结果表明,这种广义正交多项式微分算子法计算速度快、精度高,对计算资源需求低,是一种颇具潜力的数值模拟方法.      

稳定大气中烟流抬升高度的确定

本文通过Boussinesq近似的非线性动力方程组,得到了烟流抬升高度的解析表达式,讨论了地形、大气稳定度等物理因子对烟流抬升高度的影响。结果表明:地形的分布对烟流抬升高度的确定有一定影响,大气稳定度对高度的影响尤为明显。本文还讨论了理论公式的实用条件。     

NUMERICAL MODELING STUDY OF EFFECTS OF EASTERN PACIFIC WARM POOL ON ENSO

In this study, sensitivity experiments were conducted with the Zebiak-Cane ocean-atmosphere coupled model forced by the wind stress anomaly from the U.S. National Centers for Environmental Prediction/National Center for Atmospheric Research (NCEP/NCAR) reanalysis data to study the impacts of eastern Pacific warm pool on the formation and development of ENSO events. The effects of climatological mean sea surface temperature of the warm pool on forecast skill during the ENSO events of 1982–1999 are more considerable that those of climatological mean meridional winds and ocean currents. The forecast skill for the 1997/1998 El Ni?o event is characterized by sensitivity to climatological mean sea surface temperature and anomalies of northerly winds and currents. The forecast skill is found insensitive to climatological mean northerly meridional winds and currents.     

Effects of vertical wind shear on convective development during a landfall of severe tropical storm Bilis (2006)

Effects of vertical wind shear on convective development during the landfall of tropical storm Bilis (2006) are investigated with a pair of sensitivity experiments using a two-dimensional cloud-resolving model. The validated simulation data from Wang et al. [Wang, D., Li, X., Tao, W.-K., Liu, Y., Zhou, H., 2009: Torrential rainfall processes associated with a landfall of severe tropical storm Bilis (2006): A two-dimensional cloud-resolving modeling study. Atmos. Res., 91, 94–104.] are used as the control experiment. The difference between the control and sensitivity experiments is that vertically varying zonal winds in the control experiment are replaced by their mass-weighted means in the sensitivity experiment. The imposed vertical velocity with ascending motion in the upper troposphere and descending motion in the lower troposphere is responsible for dominant stratiform rainfall on 15 July. The vertical wind shear does not have important impacts on development of stratiform rainfall. One day later, imposed upward motion extends to the lower troposphere. The inclusion of negative vertical wind shear produces well-organized convection and strong convective rainfall because it causes kinetic energy transfer from large-scale forcing to perturbation circulations.     

陕北侏罗纪煤田地下水保护对策与开采利用方案 研究

矿山开采活动中地下水与生态环境保护是需要综合利用多学科思想与理论解决的难题,仅从采矿工程学角度难以解决根本问题。文中从生态水文地质学的角度,针对陕北采煤安全必须疏排水和陕北能源基地建设亟须水资源支撑的现状,提出了通过充分地利用煤田地下水满足强劲用水需求来保护水资源的对策,并从矿区水文地质结构、地下水循环条件出发,根据矿区植被生态风险区划、采煤影响地下水区划,提出了建立保护矿山水资源的采煤秩序、不同阶段地下水保护与开发利用区划以及矿山掘进过程中保护性开采地下水的水源地布局规划原则与建设方案。     

云南及其邻近地区地震活动的模式识别

本文用模式识别方法(CORA—3修改方法)研究了云南及其邻近地区大地震的发生时间与中强地震活动特性的关系。结果表明(不分子集):M≥7.0级大震前1—2年内,5—5.9级地震频度有明显增强。前1年6—6.9级地震相对减弱,前2—4年内6—6.9级地震可增至一定水平。对于CORA—3修改算法在采用“CLUSTERS”算法和不用“CLUSTERS”算法所得识别分类结果基本一致。FH(future history test)试验表明,用1930—1986年为学习时段,1969—1986年为预测时段。得到D类识别率为0.6,N类误识率为0.38。     

Focal Fault and Stress Field of the Yao‘ an M 6.5 Earthquake on January15,2001

Using the 78 focal mechanism solutions of the fore shocks, main shock and after shocks of the earthquake sequence for the Yao'an earthquake, the characteristics of the focal faults and stress field for the earthquake sequence are analyzed. The results show that the main rupture plane of the Yao'an earthquake sequence is a tectonic fault with N50°W strike and steep dip and all the main shock, the fore shocks and the vast majority of after shocks occurred on the main rupture plane. A tectonic fracture with NNE-NE strike also participated in development process of the sequence. The focal stress field of the sequence dominated by principal compressional stress with nearly horizontal orientation SSE is consistent with the regional tectonic stress field. In the sequence development, the stress field in the focal region was complex with multi-azimuths and multi-action models and the focal rupture showed complex features with multi-directions and multi-patterns.     

全国环境剪应力场动态变化与强震活动研究

通过采用陈培善等深入研究地震震源谱特征得到的地震短周期体波震级m_b和地震矩M_o与环境剪应力值的关系,测算地震剪切应力强度值f_o的方法,以及由中小地震近震震级M_L和面波震级M_S估算f_o的方法,对1993年至1998年1月发生在全国(包括台湾地区)m_b≥3.8,M_S ≤5.9 地震计算得到地震震源处的相对剪切应力强度f_o值,并确定出环境剪应力场高值分布区,对高剪应力值分布区与主要活动断裂、强震活动的相关关系进行了分析研究,对全国未来1~3年强震危险区及其危险性进行了预测。     

1995—1996年云南地区三次强震前地震活动的短期异常

在地震学参量年度异常的背景＾（３）,阐述了１９９５￣１９９６年云南地区发生的孟连、武定、丽江三次强震前的地震活动短期异常,包括地震平静、小震群、窗口地震、调制地震、地震波参数以及４级左右地震向震中迁移等。结果表明,这些异常特征表现突出,其演化进程显示了强震孕育的阶段性。     

台风动力模式的解析解及台风形成和维持的动力机制(一)

本文根据观测得到的台风结构,把轴对称下的台风垂直剖面分成四个区域,分别对这四个区域的动力方程组进行尺度分析,在一定的简化假定下,求得台风流出层和眼区的解析解,从而发现理论得到的结果和观测与天气分析的结果基本一致。