滇西地区地震活动图象与近用强震危险性分析

本文着重研究了滇西地区（Ｎ２３．５°～２８°；Ｅ９７．５°～１０１．５°Ｅ）地震活动概况、地震时空展布、地震活动特点以及震源深度分布。并对近期滇西地区强震危险性进行探讨和分析。     

ZD9大地电场仪

本文介绍了作者研制的一种新型的专用大地电场测量仪器－ＺＤ９大地电场仪，着重介绍了该仪器的主要技术指标、工作原理、主要功能及技术特点等。该仪器可用于大地电场常规观测及运用大地电场张量法进行深电部率探测，还可以用于其它需要多路数字采集的场合，经过各种性能试验和地震现场长期使用，该仪器能够满足大地电场观测的需要。     

CONVECTIVE-STRATIFORM RAINFALL PARTITION BY RADIANCE-DERIVED CLOUD CONTENT: A MODELING STUDY

A new scheme that separates convective-stratiform rainfall is developed using threshold values of liquid water path (LWP) and ice water path (IWP). These cloud contents can be predicted with radiances at the Advanced Microwave Sounding Unit (AMSU) channels (23.8, 31.4, 89, and 150 GHz) through linear regression models. The scheme is demonstrated by an analysis of a two-dimensional cloud resolving model simulation that is imposed by a forcing derived from the Tropical Ocean Global Atmosphere Coupled Ocean–Atmosphere Response Experiment (TOGA COARE). The rainfall is considered convective if associated LWP is larger than 1.91 mm or IWP is larger than 1.70 mm. Otherwise, the rainfall is stratiform. The analysis of surface rainfall budget demonstrates that this new scheme is physically meaningful.     

Cloud microphysical processes associated with the diurnal variations of tropical convection: A 2D cloud resolving modeling study

Summary Cloud microphysical processes associated with the diurnal variations of tropical convection are investigated based on hourly data from a 2D coupled ocean-cloud resolving atmosphere simulation. The model is forced by the large-scale vertical velocity and zonal wind derived from TOGA COARE for a 50-day period. The diurnal composites are carried out in weak diurnal SST variations (case W) and strong diurnal SST signals (case S). The ice water path is larger than the liquid water path in case W than it is in case S. The difference is enhanced in the morning in case W and in the early afternoon in case S when the surface rain rates reach their peaks. Further comparison of cloud microphysics budgets, associated with rainfall peaks, between cases S and W shows that solar heating in case S warms air to reduce the contribution of vapor deposition to cloud growth, which decreases ice water path compared to those in case W. While the collection of cloud water by rain is a major contributor to the surface precipitation in both cases, the melting of precipitation ice (sum of snow and graupel) contributes less to the rainfall in case S than in case W.     

喷墨印刷平面呈色模型的建立与检验

采用插值算法，提出了一种新的平面呈色模型建立方法，实现喷墨印刷中L^＋a^＋b^＋与cmy颜色空间之间的转换，并对转换精度进行了检验分析。本研究通过比较喷墨打印和胶印的平面呈色模型，为在各种印刷方式中建立平面模型提供了成功的范例和切实可行的方法。     

Elastic scattered waves from a continuous and heterogeneous layer

Elastic scattering from a continuous and laterally unbounded heterogeneous layer has been formulated using the Born approximation. A general solution of the scattered wave equation for the above-stated medium has been given in terms of a Fourier integral over plane waves. Far-field asymptotic expressions for weak elastic scattering by a finite, continuous and inhomogeneous layer have been presented which agree with earlier results. For perturbations of the two elastic parameters and the density having the same form of spatial variation, the spectrum of plane waves scattered from a heterogeneous layer is expressed as a product of an 'elastic scattering factor'and a 'distribution factor'. As in earlier results for small-scale heterogeneity, the scattering pattern depends on various combinations of perturbations of elastic parameters and density. In order to show the general characteristics of the elastic wave scattering, some scattering patterns have been given.     

雄安新区白洋淀湿地地表水和地下水转化关系及其对芦苇分布的影响

查明地表水和地下水作用关系对湿地生态保护与修复具有重要意义。采用地表水和地下水位监测、氢氧稳定同位素分析、湖床沉积物温度示踪等方法,研究了白洋淀渗漏对周边浅层地下水的影响范围和深度,评价了地表水垂向渗漏速率,并探讨了芦苇分布面积和地表水位以及地下水位埋深的关系。结果表明：白洋淀渗漏受地质结构和水力梯度等因素影响,对浅层地下水垂向上影响深度为20 m,水平向上影响范围存在较大空间变异。周边浅层地下水的补给来源为大气降雨和地表水,其中地表水渗漏的补给比例为0~90.5%。淀区渗漏速率0.01~0.59 mm/d,和含水层埋深关系密切,埋深越小,越有利于地表水渗漏。1976-2020年,白洋淀芦苇分布面积和地表水位关系密切。当地表水位为6.3~6.8 m时,芦苇分布面积最大,在水位小于6.3 m条件下芦苇面积随着水位增高而增加,大于6.8 m条件下随着水位增高而减少。芦苇台地下水位埋深和地表水位显著相关,在2020年4-9月芦苇生长期,除雨季前期外多数时段台地地下水埋深均适宜芦苇发育,建议在雨季前期实施生态补水,通过降低台地地下水位埋深促进芦苇生长发育。研究结果可为白洋淀生态补水、渗漏防治和生态保护提供参考。     

2016年"7.19"京津冀极端降水系统的动热力结构及不稳定条件分析

利用NCEP/NCAR 的GFS再分析资料,结合中国气象局气象信息中心提供的全国自动站观测降水量资料、CMORPH卫星反演降水资料、FY2反演降水资料和雷达定量估测降水产品融合的降水资料,对造成2016年7月19~21日北京—天津—河北（以下简称京津冀）地区的极端降水天气系统动热力结构演变以及不稳定条件进行了诊断分析,揭示了京津冀地区上空不同气压层上天气尺度系统的配置,水汽条件,降水发生的垂直运动条件及不稳定层结演变情况。结果表明:（1）500 hPa呈现东高西低的环流形势,与700 hPa低涡和高低空急流相配合,副高北抬阻挡华北地区低涡的东移,导致低涡在京津冀地区停滞是此次降水发生的环流背景;（2）低层的低涡东移发展与中高层正涡度叠加对暴雨发生有重要作用;（3）引用位势散度分析对流不稳定度变化的原因表明,降水区后部的京津冀西南地区,低层的位势不稳定主要由位势散度的水平风垂直切变部分决定,代表水平风垂直切变和大气湿斜压的共同作用,弱降水区以及降水区后方的低层位势散度为负值,有利于该区域位势不稳定加强,强降水区及降水区前方位势散度为正值,抑制了位势不稳定发展。位势散度变化可以通过影响大气稳定度变化进而影响降水落区,位势散度的高值区对应了降水大值区,尤其是700 hPa位势散度对降水落区有很好的指示作用,可以结合位势散度的变化对降水落区进行预估。     

四川断层活动性分析及汶川、芦山地震活动关联性研究

基于龙门山、鲜水河、安宁河-则木河断裂带上跨断层水准资料,计算不同场地年均形变速率和断层垂直形变累积率,分析断层年变速率和Dc空间分布等值线变化,揭示汶川地震前后断层活动规律、区域应变、应力场的能力聚集程度,进而探讨汶川、芦山两次地震的关联性。结果显示：1）汶川地震的发生明显加剧了龙门山断裂带中南段的断层活动性,年均形变速率由震前<1 mm/a,到震后最大达10.01 mm/a;汶川地震的发生对安宁河-则木河断裂带上的汤家坪、西昌场地影响较大,年变速率显著增加,断层活动性得到加强;2）汶川地震发生前,龙门山断裂东北段存在Dc高值区,随后Dc值逐渐减小,汶川地震的发生存在一定的应力累积背景;汶川地震发生后明显改变了整个龙门山断裂带的Dc空间分布,加速形成围绕双河场地的Dc高值环绕区,而芦山地震的震中位置位于高值与低值交界区域,空间差异较为显著。     

我国大陆6级地震平静后首次强地震的短期预测实验

自2005年4月8日西藏仲巴6.7级地震后,我国大陆出现了历史上少有的6级地震平静.截止到2007年4月初,6级地震平静达730多天,这一现象引起了众多专家的高度关注,将在何时、何处打破这种平静一时成为关注的焦点.依据我国大陆形变异常分布特征,作者分别于2007年4月18日和4月27日试验性地提出了<东部地区短期地震危险性分析意见>及西北地区5月份存在发生6级地震可能性的预测意见.两次预测实验结果尽管都不是很准确,但对于揭示地壳形变观测本质及探索地震预测新方法等都是有意义的.