山东淄博煤矿区环境中多环芳烃的初步研究

对山东淄博煤矿区的煤、煤矸石、矿坑排水、煤矸石淋滤水以及煤矿地下水中多环芳烃的含量进行了测试研究。结果表明,该煤矿区的煤及煤矸石中含有多环芳烃;矿坑排水、煤矸石淋滤水及地下水中的多环芳烃与煤层及煤矸石的淋滤有关,煤矿开采引起的多环芳烃污染应引起重视。      

Geological Features and Formation Processes of the Makeng Fe Deposit,China

Recent studies have revealed that the Makeng Fe deposit is a skarn type deposit. However, the skarns in Makeng, occurring primarily between limestone and sandstone, are not typically associated with limestone and plutons. Different periods of intrusions, e.7. Hercynian mafic intrusions and Yanshanian (i.e. early Cretaceous) Dayang–Juzhou granitic intrusion, occurred in the Makeng deposit district. In this study, the formation processes of the skarns and Fe mineralization are constrained by detailed fieldwork, petrology, geochronology, and geochemistry. Skarns and Fe mineralization intersecting the Hercynian mafic intrusions are observed in consecutive specimens from the 106# tunnel. They suggest that the skarn formation and Fe mineralization occurred after the Hercynian mafic intrusions and are related to the later Yanshanian Dayang–Juzhou granitic intrusion. The geochronological characteristics of weakly skarn‐altered diabases, the decreasing nature of Fe contents in altered diabase, and the major element compositions of pyroxenes and garnets also support that Hercynian mafic intrusions are strongly reformed by Yanshanian granitic magmas and the Fe migrated from mafic intrusion was responsible for formation of iron ore.     

基于多时相主被动遥感的漓江水面监测与水质参数反演(2016-2020年)

以漓江流域为研究区域,以2016-2020年Landsat 8 OLI、GF-1、Sentinel-2A及Sentinel-1A逐月影像为数据源,选用归一化水指数(NDWI)、改进型归一化水指数(MNDWI)、增强型水体指数(EWI)、归一化差值池指数(NDPI)、后向散射系数(S)与主被动遥感加权指数(JQ)提取漓江...     

深埋长大隧道围岩分类评价的探讨与应用

随着国内外深埋长大隧道规模的增大和工程项目的增多，其围岩分类，评价愈显重要和迫切。深埋长大隧道地质环境条件复杂，施工前期勘探工程量少，控制程度低，勘夺分类，评价极为困难。在总结当前隧道围岩分类，评价方法的基础上，针对其目前存在的问题及不足，结合具体工程探讨了深埋长大隧道围岩分类，评价的实现方法问题。     

天津市供水量与气象因子相关分析及预测模型

利用天津市某区2017年逐日、2017年7月逐时供水资料和气象资料,分析日、时供水量的变化特征及其与气象因子的关系,建立基于气象因子的日供水量预测模型。结果表明:夏季供水量最多,秋季、春季的次之,冬季的最少;日供水量存在明显的节假日效应,特别是在春节长假期间供水量下降明显。分析日供水量与气象因子的相关系数发现,除冬季外,日供水量与气温相关性较高,与其他气象因子相关系数季节差异明显。7月供水时变化特征主要受居民工作生活习惯影响,同一时次的供水量与蒸发量、相对湿度和整点气温相关性较高,但有明显的滞后性,13时的气象条件对全天总供水量影响较大。综合以上分析结论,建立多元回归日供水量预测模型。模型预测结果平均误差为1.48%,可作为日供水量预测参考依据。     

Diurnal and inter-monthly variation of land surface heat fluxes over the central Tibetan Plateau area

Summary The energy and water cycle over the Tibetan Plateau play an important role in the Asian monsoon system, which in turn is a major component of both the energy and water cycles of the global climate system. Using field observational data observed from the GAME/Tibet (GEWEX (Global Energy and Water cycle Experiment) Asian Monsoon Experiment on the Tibetan Plateau) and the CAMP/Tibet (CEOP (Coordinated Enhanced Observing Period) Asia-Australia Monsoon Project (CAMP) on the Tibetan Plateau), some results on the local surface energy partitioning (diurnal variation, inter-monthly variation and vertical variation etc.) are presented in this study.The study on the regional surface energy partitioning is of paramount importance over heterogeneous landscape of the Tibetan Plateau and it is also one of the main scientific objectives of the GAME/Tibet and the CAMP/Tibet. Therefore, the regional distributions and their inter-monthly variations of surface heat fluxes (net radiation flux, soil heat flux, sensible heat flux and latent heat flux) are also derived by combining NOAA-14/AVHRR data with field observations. The derived results were validated by using the ground truth, and it shows that the derived regional distributions and their inter-monthly variations of land surface heat fluxes are reasonable by using the method proposed in this study. Further improvement of the method and its applying field were also discussed.     

古田水库2004年蓄水型人工增雨作业分析

将宁德市人工增雨指挥系统应用到2004年6~8月古田水库抗旱蓄水型人工增雨作业和进行综合效果评价,取得显著效果。5次作业过程,水库流域共增雨16117×104m3。结果表明:新一代天气雷达宁德市人工增雨指挥系统在实际作业中应用,对旱情的监测、作业条件确定、把握最佳作业时机、场外作业指挥、云团跟踪分析、效果综合评价等方面发挥了很好的作用,使人工增雨作业科学化、客观化、系统化,提高了工作效率,增强了工作效果,扩大了社会影响。     

基于集合经验模态分解的新疆地区温度场预测评估

综合运用经验正交分解法(EOF),集合经验模态分解(EEMD)和最小二乘支持向量机（LS SVM）,构建新疆地区候平均温度距平场预测模型。采用EEMD分别对经过EOF分解得到的前3个模态的时间系数进行分解,对分解得到的结果运用最小二乘支持向量机进行预测并重构得到了各个时间系数的预测结果,将时间系数预测的结果与空间场重构得到了候平均温度距平场的计算结果,在候平均的基础上计算得到了旬平均的结果,在旬平均的基础上计算得到了月平均的结果。通过采用距平相关系数(ACC〖WTBZ〗),预报技巧(SS)〖WTBZ〗和同号率对结果进行评估显示,对于候平均预测,其在前20候内的预测较为理想,平均ACC〖WTBZ〗达到了0.32,平均SS〖WTBZ〗达到了0.70,平均同号率达到了0.80。对于旬平均的预测,其在前10旬内较为理想,10旬以内平均ACC〖WTBZ〗达到了0.50,平均SS〖WTBZ〗达到了0.50,平均同号率达到了0.50。对于月平均的预测,3个月的预测平均ACC〖WTBZ〗达到了0.50,平均SS〖WTBZ〗达到了0.50,平均同号率达到了0.80。3个月内的短期气候预测具有较高的水平。     

Statistical Downscaling of Pattern Projection Using Multi-Model Output Variables as Predictors

A pattern projection downscaling method is employed to predict monthly station precipitation. The predictand is the monthly precipitation at 1 station in China, 60 stations in Korea, and 8 stations in Thailand. The predictors are multiple variables from the output of operational dynamical models. The hindcast datasets span a period of 21 yr from 1983 to 2003. A downscaled prediction is made for each model separately within a leave-one-out cross-validation framework. The pattern projection method uses a moving window, which scans globally, in order to seek the most optimal predictor for each station. The final forecast is the average of the model downscaled precipitation forecasts using the best predictors and is referred to as DMME. It is found that DMME significantly improves the prediction skill by correcting the erroneous signs of the rainfall anomalies in coarse resolution predictions of general circulation models. The correlation coefficient between the prediction of DMME and the observation in Beijing of China reaches 0.71; the skill is improved to 0.75 for Korea and 0.61 for Thailand. The improvement of the prediction skills for the first two cases is attributed to three steps: coupled pattern selection, optimal predictor selection, and multi-model downscaled precipitation ensemble. For Thailand, we use the single-predictor prediction, which results in a lower prediction skill than the other two cases. This study indicates that the large-scale circulation variables, which are predicted by the current operational dynamical models, if selected well, can be used to make skillful predictions of local precipitation by means of appropriate statistical downscaling.     

临近绿洲的沙漠上空近地面层内水汽输送特征

1991年7月在HEIFE实验区沙漠站进行了一次水汽输送观测实验。观测发现近地面层内比湿廓线常常出现极小值，该极小值高度为零水汽通量面的高度。这个高度以上水汽向下输送，廓线呈逆湿特征，这个高度以下水汽向上输送，廓线呈蒸发特征。沙漠上空近地面层内水汽不是常通量，在一个固定高度上观测到的水汽通量和“潜热通量”不能代表地面的蒸发量和潜热通量。