Non-minimal derivatively coupled quintessence in the Palatini formalism

The quintessence dark energy model with a kinetic coupling to gravity within the Palatini formalism is studied in this paper. Two different coupling forms: $\hat{R}\partial^{\mu}\phi\partial_{\mu}\phi$ and $\hat {R}_{\mu\nu}\partial^{\mu}\phi\partial^{\nu}\phi$ are analyzed, respectively. We find that both the model with the $\hat{R}\partial^{\mu}\phi\partial_{\mu}\phi$ coupling and the one with the $\hat{R}_{\mu\nu}\partial^{\mu}\phi\partial^{\nu}\phi$ coupling can realize the phantom divide line crossing from phantom to quintessence at late time for its effective equation-of-state. Furthermore, the former can behave like phantom. These features are different from those found in the $\hat {R}\phi^{2}$ coupling case.     

Late-Stage Breast Cancer Diagnosis and Health Care Access in Illinois∗

The variations of breast cancer mortality rates from place to place reflect both underlying differences in breast cancer prevalence and differences in diagnosis and treatment that affect the risk of death. This article examines the role of access to health care in explaining the variation of late-stage diagnosis of breast cancer. We use cancer registry data for the state of Illinois by zip code to investigate spatial variation in late diagnosis. Geographic information systems and spatial analysis methods are used to create detailed measures of spatial access to health care such as convenience of visiting primary care physicians and travel time from the nearest mammography facility. The effects of spatial access, in combination with the influences of socioeconomic factors, on late-stage breast cancer diagnosis are assessed using statistical methods. The results suggest that for breast cancer, poor geographical access to primary health care significantly increases the risk of late diagnosis for persons living outside the city of Chicago. Disadvantaged population groups including those with low income and racial and ethnic minorities tend to experience high rates of late diagnosis. In Illinois, poor spatial access to primary health care is more strongly associated with late diagnosis than is spatial access to mammography. This suggests the importance of primary care physicians as gatekeepers in early breast cancer detection.     

Equations for the near‐surface mass flux density profile of wind‐blown sediments

The erosion of sediment by wind and the resulting mass flux density profile is thought to be described by a mathematical function that bears information on the mechanisms responsible for the movement of individual particles by the wind, and such functions have been studied extensively. In this study several functions are evaluated that have been proposed to describe the variation in mass flux density with height of wind‐blown sediment, with the flux containing a mixture of particles in suspension and saltation, based on detailed field data at four land types in the Minqin area of north‐western China, where severe wind erosion occurs. High‐resolution mass flux density measurements at 50 heights, collected at 20 mm intervals to a height of 1 m above the surface, were obtained using vertically segmented samplers. Three kinds of functions fit the measured flux density profiles reasonably well, but a three‐parameter modified exponential function is preferred because it contains fewer coefficients to be defined and provides a reasonably good fit to the measured mass flux density profiles. This and previous conclusions suggest that the decay with height of mass flux density of sediments dominated by saltation particles as in the present study tends to follow a modified exponential function law, but a modified power function law replaces the modified exponential function law when the height extends to a level high enough to be dominated by suspension particles. Copyright © 2011 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.     

A remote sensing-based analysis on the impact of Wenchuan Earthquake on the core value of World Nature Heritage Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuary

In this study,we used remotely sensed data,GIS modeling,and statistical methods to evaluate the damage caused by the Wenchuan Earthquake (May 12,2008) to the giant panda (Ailuropoda melanoleuca) habitat in the World Nature Heritage Sichuan Giant Panda Sanctuary (WHSGPS) in China.A landscape ecological analysis found increases of landscape heterogeneity,complexity,and fragmentation in the giant panda habitat after the earthquake.A terrain analysis found that slope and elevation are directly associated with t...     

中国热带气旋的时间活动性研究

根据热带气旋的年内活动性,用新提出的等密图分析法来表示其年内出现机会最多的日期（频发期）和强度（频发值）;根据热带气旋的年际活动性,用描述自然现象状态转移规律的马尔可夫链预测模型来分析其活动趋势,结果是比较理想的,可以为热带气旋预测提供一定的理论依据。     

弹性空间研究的知识图谱分析与重点方向展望

弹性空间的提出和划定是创新国土空间管控模式、提高空间规划科学性、适应经济发展和城市建设变化形势的现实需求,但相关研究仍处于理论初探和个例实证阶段,系统性和理论支撑不足。利用CiteSpace 5.6对“Web of Science”和“中国知网”中共计800余篇弹性空间研究领域的文献数据进行可视化分析,总结国内外近30年来该领域的前沿研究特点和相关研究进展,并探析其未来的发展趋势。结果发现：1）国际文献载文量呈明显上升趋势,国内文献载文量先增后减,基于生态系统服务、适宜性等研究成为最新动向;2）相关科研单位合作网络密度仅为0.004 2,呈现以中国科学院、昆士兰大学等单位为中心的分块式合作关系网络;3）概念与内涵、技术方法和管控措施是热点知识群组,内涵上强调土地预留、混合利用和空间置换等特征,方法上重视空间优化和适宜性评价,决策支持系统和基于主体的模型是重要技术支持,而管控上突出“刚弹结合”相关措施;4）未来需要加强理论框架构建,以多学科理论为支撑,深化理论基础和方法体系研究,拓展弹性空间的应用领域,以进一步提高科学性和实用性。     

发展珠江三角洲经济区港口的远洋集装箱运输

本文分析了珠江三角洲经济区远洋集装箱运输的落后现状，论述了三角洲经济区集装箱枢纽港尤其广州港和深圳港建设的重要性，同时指出该两港建设需要解决的问题。     

Nonlinear electrostatic coherent structures: solitary and shock waves in a dissipative, nonplanar multi-component quantum plasma

The nonlinear propagation of ion-acoustic solitary and shock waves in a dissipative, nonplanar quantum plasma comprised of electrons, positrons, and ions are studied. A modified Korteweg-de Vries Burgers equation is derived in the limit of low frequency and long wavelength by taking into account the kinematic viscosity among the plasma constituents. It is shown that this plasma system supports the propagation of both compressive and rarefactive nonlinear waves. The effects of variation of various plasma parameters on the time evolution of nonplanar solitary waves, the profile of shock waves, and the nonlinear structure induced by the collision of solitary waves are discussed. It is found that these parameters have significant effects on the properties of nonlinear waves in cylindrical and spherical geometries, and these effects for compressive and rarefactive nonlinear waves are obviously different.     

In-situ testing study on convection and temperature characteristics of a new crushed-rock slope embankment design in a permafrost region

For the purpose of enhancing air convection and controlling solar radiation, a new crushed-rock slope embankment design combined with a sun-shade measure is proposed. A newly designed embankment was constructed in the Tuotuohe section of the Qinghai-Tibet Railway and a field-testing experiment was carried out to determine its convection and temperature characteristics. The results show that distinct air convection occurred in the crushed-rock layer of the new embankment, especially in cold seasons, which was enhanced when it flowed upwards along the slope. This preliminarily indicated that the new design of the embankment slope was good for reinforcing air convection in the crushed-rock layer. The frequent fluctuations of the convection speed and the environmental wind speed were in good agreement, suggesting that the convection in the crushed rock primarily came from the ambient wind. It was also preliminarily determined that the new embankment had a better cooling effect and sun-shade effect for decreasing the temperature of the embankment slope compared with a traditional crushed-rock slope embankment, and the mean temperature difference between them was up to 1.7 °C. The mean annual temperature at the bottom boundary of the crushed-rock layer was obviously lower than that at the top boundary, and heat flux calculation showed that the shallow soil beneath the embankment slope was weakly releasing heat, all of which indicated that the new embankment slope design was beneficial to the thermal stability of the embankment. This study is helpful in providing some references for improved engineering design and maintenance of roadbeds in permafrost regions.     

襄阳万山井水位同震响应特征及成因分析

分析襄阳万山井数字化水位对苏门答腊M9.0、汶川M8.0和日本M9.0地震的同震效应,结合井台所在地的地质构造背景,总结出井水位同震响应和震后效应等特征.研究结果表明:该井水位同震响应均表现为水位同震下降型阶变,井与井之间的同震效应差别的原因与井所处构造位置、含水层系统的自身特性、地震震级和震中构造位置等有关.