昆仑山北麓阿羌黄土剖面AQS3层段记录的末次间冰阶千年尺度的气候波动

通过对昆仑山北麓阿羌黄土剖面AQS3层段的年代测试、粒度参数(Mz和σ)以及主要氧化物(SiO2,Al2O3,TOFE(Fe2O3 FeO)和(Al2O3 TOFE)/SiO2比值)分析,并结合区域相关地层反映的古环境和腹足类化石指示的古生态,认为AQS3记录了末次间冰阶19个旋回的干冷与暖湿的气候波动。其中,15个具有千年尺度旋回的各个温暖期能够较好地与GRIP冰芯氧同位素曲线中的D-O事件在时代和气候性质上进行一一对比。可能是由于地处毗邻冰川山麓、加之海拔较高,故该层段粒度与主要氧化物显示的气候变动的幅度并不大,然而却相当敏感。不仅于此,这种千年尺度的温暖气候变化在昆仑山北麓及其近邻区域也有明显的表现。例如,在昆仑山北麓普鲁地层剖面中,指示暖干气候作用下形成的含石膏等盐类的砂土砾石层的TL年龄为距今31000年、45500～41600年、45900年和54500年,可以依次与GRIPδ18O中的间冰段D/O6,D/O12,D/O13和D/O15进行对比;在阿尔金山北麓,类似的并具有荒漠漆的砂土砾石层的TL年龄为37200aB.P.和59700aB.P.,分别相当于D/O9和D/O17间冰段;在塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地的高阶地(海拔1310m),可能代表了剧烈升温的气候背景下,环塔里木盆地四周高山冰雪大量消融导致的塔克拉玛干沙漠腹地的"大湖期",其日历年为33197aB.P.,与GISP2冰芯氧同位素曲线在33000aB.P.的暖阶段相当。发生在昆仑山北麓及毗邻区域AQS3时期若干温暖阶段的地层学证据以及其在时间上能够与GRIP和GISP2冰芯氧同位素曲线相关暖峰的耦合,表明由阿羌剖面末次间冰阶粒度和主氧化物峰谷变化反映出来的多次冷暖波动,其根本原因还是受到北半球D/O振荡的强烈影响。     

EPIC 202843107:a close eclipsing binary containing a δ Scuti variable

This paper reports on the discovery that an eclipsing binary system, EPIC 202843107, has aδ Scuti variable component. The phased light curve from the Kepler space telescope presents a detached configuration. The binary modeling indicates that the two component stars have almost the same radius and may have experienced orbital circularization. Frequency analyses are performed for the residual light curve after subtracting the binary variations. The frequency spectrum reveals that one component star is a δ Scuti variable. A large frequency separation is cross-identified with the corresponding histogram, the Fourier transform and the echelle diagram method. The mean density of the δ Scuti component is estimated to be 0.09 g cm~(-3) based on the large separation and density relation. Systems like EPIC 202843107 are helpful to study the stellar evolution and physical state of binary stars.     

钢筋混凝土结构基于地震损伤性能的设计

本文结合我国地震设防水准,在国内外有关地震损在量研究结果的基础上,提出钢筋混凝土结构地震损伤的“三水准”性能目标;其次,对于剪切型钢筋混凝土结构,提出了结构层间柱－压弯构件三线性恢复力模型参数确定和地震损伤计算方法;第三,提出了地震损伤直接验算和将地震损伤验算归结为变形验算的钢筋混凝土结构地震损伤性能设计方法;最后,通过设计例题说明了本文方法应用的可行性。     

Active vibration control of tensegrity structures for performance enhancement: A comparative study

This study performs a novel control efficiency assessment approach that compares performance of optimal control algorithms regarding vibration of tensegrity structures. Due to complex loading conditions and the inherent characteristics of tensegrities, e.g. geometrical nonlinearity, the quantization of control efficiency in active control of tensegrity constitutes a challenging task especially for different control algorithms. As a first step, an actuator energy input, comprising the strain energy of tensegrity elements and their internal forces work, is set to constant levels for the linearquadratic regulator(LQR). Afterwards, the actuator energy of the linear-quadratic Gaussian(LQG) is iterated with identical actuator energy input in LQR. A double layer tensegrity grid is employed to compare the control efficiencies between LQR and LQG with five different control scenarios. The results demonstrate the efficiency and robustness in reducing the dynamic response of tensegrity structures, and a theoretical guideline is provided to search optimal control options in controlling actual tensegrities.     

Factors affecting the stability of deep excavations in clay with consideration of a full elastoplastic support system

Acta Geotechnica - This study investigates the stability of internally braced excavations in thick, saturated clay using a finite element method with reduced shear strength. The support system was...     

Assessing the transport of rare earth elements in runoff in a small watershed developed on a coarse-grained granite area in southern China

Correction to: Environ     

等值线DEM地形特征点提取与分类

地形特征按照相应特征模式隐含于DEM中,如何从DEM尽可能自动而准确的提取地形特征始终是测绘空间信息科学的重要而基础的问题.等值线是地形地貌DEM的最一般形式.地形特征点是生成高层次地形特征线面的基础,与局部地形起伏密切相关.在等值线DEM中,特征点的荻取与分类不但与当前等值线的几何形态变化有关,也与局部区域内相邻等值线有密切而复杂的关系.本文在分析各种等值线特征点提取方法的基础上,讨论等值线内部和相邻等值线之间关系的多种复杂情况,形成我们实用的等值线特征点类型判断和提取方法,并进行具体的数学推导和应用到实际地形等值线的特征提取试验中.试验结果表明,我们的提取分类方法能解决多种复杂等值线变化的情况下获取地形特征点,并取得较准确可靠的结果.     

The effects of semi-lunar spring and neap tidal change on nitrification, denitrification and N2O vertical distribution in the intertidal sediments of the Yangtze estuary, China

To explore the influences of semi-lunar spring and neap tidal changes on nitrogen cycling in intertidal sediments, a comparative study among waterlogged, desiccated and reflooded systems was carried out in August 2005 and February 2006 by analyzing nitrification, denitrification and N₂O depth profiles in the intertidal flats of the Yangtze estuary. Laboratory experiments showed that alternating emersion and inundation resulted in the significant changes in nitrification and denitrification rates in the intertidal sediment systems. Due to the desiccation-related effects, lowest nitrification and denitrification rates were observed in the desiccated sediment cores. Highest nitrification and denitrification rates were however detected in the waterlogged and reflooded systems, respectively. It is hypothesized that the highest nitrification rates in the waterlogged sediments were mainly attributed to higher nitrifier numbers and NH₄⁺ being more available, whereas the availability of NO₃⁻ might dominate denitrification in the reflooded sediments. In addition, the highest N₂O concentrations were detected in the reflooded sediment cores, and the lowest found in the dried sediment cores. It was also shown that N₂O in the intertidal sediments was mainly from nitrification under the desiccated condition. In contrast, N₂O in the intertidal sediments was produced mainly via denitrification under the waterlogged and reflooded conditions. It is therefore concluded that the semi-lunar tidal cycle has a significant influence on nitrification, denitrification and N₂O production in the intertidal sediment systems.     

Monitoring the three-dimensional ionospheric electron density distribution using GPS observations over China

In this paper, an IRI model assisted GPS-based Computerized Ionospheric Tomography (CIT) technique is developed to inverse the ionospheric electron density (IED) distribution over China. Essentially, an improved algebraic reconstruction technique (IART) is first proposed to reconstruct the ionospheric images with high resolution and high efficiency. A numerical experiment is used to validate the reliability of the method and its advantages to the classical algebraic reconstruction technique (ART). This is then used to reconstruct the IED images using the GPS data in China. The variations of the IED during magnetically quiet and disturbed days are reported and analyzed here. Reconstructed results during magnetically quiet days show some prominent ionospheric features such as the development of equatorial anomaly and the tilt of ionization crest. Meanwhile, ionospheric storm phase effects and disturbed features can also be revealed from the reconstructed IED image under storm conditions. Research shows that the positive storm phase effects usually happen in southern China, and the negative storm phase effects mainly occur in northern China. The equatorial anomaly crest moved to the north in the main phase of the storm. Ionosonde data recorded at Wuhan station provides the verification for the reliability of GPS-based CIT technique.     

Origin of gray-green sandstone in ore bed of sandstone type uranium deposit in north Ordos Basin

Dongsheng sandstone-type uranium deposit is located in the northern part of Ordos Basin, occurring in the transitional zones between gray-green and gray sandstones of Jurassic Zhiluo Formation. Sandstones in oxidized zone of the ore bed look gray-green, being of unique signature and different from one of ordinary inter-layered oxidation zone of sandstone-type uranium deposits. The character and origin of gray-green sandstones are systematically studied through their petrology, mineralogy and geochemistry. It is pointed out that this color of sandstones is originated from secondary oil-gas reduction processes after paleo-oxidation, being due to acicular-leaf chlorite covering surfaces of the sandstone grains. To find out the origin of gray-green sandstone and recognize paleo-oxidation zones in the ore bed are of not only theoretical significance for understanding metallogenesis of this kind of sandstone-type uranium deposit, but also very importantly practical significance for prospecting for similar kind of sandstone-type uranium deposit.