1994年9月16日台湾海峡南部7．3级地震的构造环境和震前地震活动图象

从构造单元、活动断裂、地球物理场、海底地形等方面分析了１９９４年９月１６日台湾海峡７．３级地震发生的构造环境。研究认为，地震发生在陆壳向过渡壳变化的位置上。历史上地震活动沿深部构造变异带分布，该区地质构造、震源深度、地震类型、地震波特性等都有别于海峡中、北部，具有南海系的特征。震前地震活动空间图象揭示了地震是南海系北缘断裂活动的结果     

广西新寨矿泉水出露特征及形成机理

新寨矿泉水属重碳酸钙钠型低钠、低矿化度的含氯硅酸矿泉水，是来自花岗岩体中较深层的构造裂隙水、其水质、水量、水温十分稳定，为花岗岩体中较深层的构造裂隙水。矿泉水中有益元素的物质组份来源于花岗岩体，偏硅酸和氡含量达到国家标准，具有经济价值。     

Tidal-induced buoyancy flux and mean transverse circulation

A weakly nonlinear model is used to examine the mean transverse circulation (cross-isobath) driven by tidal-induced buoyancy flux. The mean Eulerian flows driven by both the barotropic and baroclinic tide are presented for a semi-infinite wedge. The mean flow driven by the barotropic tide is significant only near the apex where the thickness of the frictional boundary layer is comparable to the water depth. The mean flow there is characterized by a single-cell circulation with offshore flow near the bottom, and its magnitude can reach a few percentage or a significant fraction of the tidal velocity in oceanic applications. The mean flow driven by the baroclinic tide, on the other hand, is characterized by pairs of half-open (on the seaward side) counter-rotating cells, the number of which equals the vertical mode number. For a baroclinic tide propagating onshore, the mean flow near the top and bottom surfaces is always directed offshore and its magnitude can reach a large fraction of the tidal velocity. Taken together, the model thus predicts a mean offshore flow near the bottom while higher up in the water column the mean flow direction is less definite due to the contribution from different tidal components. The model results are consistent with some current measurements over the Georges Bank.     

江西城门山矿露采场疏干预测

本文在分析矿区水文地质条件并加以简化的基础上,对含水层的边界条件及非均质性作了技术处理,从而确定了矿区水文地质计算模型,然后运用泰斯非稳定流理论建立求解疏干流量的数学模型。在规定的疏干要求下,预测了各阶段的疏干流量及相应的疏干时间。文中对阶梯流量迭加计算过程,当含水层为承压—无压状态下,如何确定水力传导系数,提出了新的方法。     

福建省沿海大陆边缘的断块构造和1604年泉州海外大震的孕育

福建省沿海断块构造发育,新构造期以来,大致以闽江和九龙江为界,可分为南、北、中三个断块差异活动区。本文分析了震前各种现象,对这次大震的孕育过程进行了阶段性划分,并对该区的应力作用方式作了分析。     

堆积的地球及其初始不均一性

从天体化学和地球科学的研究成果出发，认为地球是在一较窄的类地行星区域内，主要由硅酸盐质星子随机吸积而成。在星子形成之前，初始太阳星云已经历了挥发性元素的强烈亏损事件，同时也已发生了硫化物、金属和硅酸盐成分之间的分馏作用，随着行星的形成，行星内部的分馏作用将会持续进行。在形成地球的独立吸积区内，混合作用不彻底，星子群之间的化学成分不均一，因此，构成地球的将是一套具有各自独立化学成分组成的星子群，而不同于地球上现已发现的任何陨石或者它们的组合。     

Adsorption of phosphate on tidal flat surface sediments from the Yangtze Estuary

Adsorption of phosphate (PO₄-P) by sediments of nine sites taken from the Yangtze Estuarine and coastal tidal flats were studied in a laboratory. The results indicate that the process of phosphorus adsorption onto sediments mainly occurred within 0-10 h, and then reached a dynamic equilibrium. This experimental finding has shown maximum adsorption rates (ad-R) occurred within 0-0.5 h, ranging from 10.40-56.40 mg/kg h with regional differences. The adsorption rates were obviously related to concentrations of fine particles (<63 µm) in the sediments. Adsorption isotherm curves were fitted to the modified Langmuir equation. Adsorption capacities (ad-C) varied from 26.32 to 204.08 mg/kg, and showed good affinities for Fe³⁺ and TOC concentrations. The adsorption efficiency (ad-E) of phosphate on sediments ranged from 21.55 to 248.30 L/kg, showing a close correlation with TOC concentrations. A correlation between environmental factors and phosphate adsorption is presented in this experiment. Phosphate adsorption is susceptible to changes in pH, temperature and salinity conditions.     

黄河流域城镇土地经济密度多尺度空间格局及影响因素分析

基于2018年多时空高分辨率全球城市边界解译数据,从省域、市级和县区级3个尺度测算黄河流域城镇土地经济密度,并综合应用泰尔指数、空间自相关分析、地理探测器探等方法探讨其空间格局及影响因素。研究结果显示：① 黄河流域城镇土地经济密度总体不高,在县区尺度上68.3%的县区土地经济密度低于平均水平,空间分布总体上呈东高西低的态势,高土地经济密度的县区主要集中在以郑州为中心的中原城市群和山东沿海地区;在市级尺度上,57.5%的城市土地经济密度低于平均值,空间分布上集中在中下游地区,空间分布不均衡,以河南省最为显著。② 黄河流域城镇土地经济密度在地市尺度和县区尺度都表现为显著的空间正相关,其中高值集聚区（HH）集中在中原城市群和山东半岛城市群,低值集聚区（LL）集中在陕、甘、宁等西部地区,低值异质区镶嵌分布在中原城市群和山东半岛城市群周围。不同尺度上的空间集聚区的空间分布范围也表现一定的差异,在县区尺度表现出了局部性和分散性特征。③ 人均GDP、人口规模、地方财政科技教育投入、二三产业劳动力密度、区位质量指数等对黄河流域城镇土地经济密度影响较大。同时在黄河流域上游、中游和下游地区表现一定的差异性,总体来说,资本投入强度、人均GDP和区位质量指数对于上游、中游和下游的城镇土地经济密度都有较高的解释能力。     

Intercity connections and a world city network based on international sport events: Empirical studies on the Beijing,London, and Rio de Janeiro Olympic Games

With so many sports becoming increasingly popular,sports have come to play an important role in promoting the process of globalization and formatting the world city network(WCN).Previous studies have constructed the WCN based on the distribution of international sport federations (ISFs) and the sites of international sport events (ISEs),but there is still a lack of systematic research on the intercity connections caused by ISEs.Taking three most recent Olympic Games as cases,this paper explores intercity connections and WCN based on ISEs.The results show that (1) the Olympic WCN has city nodes around the world except in Antarctica,and the number and activity values of the cities in host countries may increase intensively during the Olympic Games.(2) A hierarchical city system with four tiers (global central cities,specialized central cities,national central cities and specialized cities) is formed by the intercity connections caused by the Olympic Games.(3) The WCN based on the Olympic Games,is made up of many subnetworks,while many differences occur due to the diverse decisions made by the Organizing Committee for the Olympic Games (OCOG),host cities or even host countries in the events associated with sponsorship activity and publicity activity.This study not only broadens the relevant fields of sports culture-oriented WCN re-search but also explores the instability of the WCN,which makes it an effective reference for WCN research based on ISEs.     

张家口市水资源安全风险空间分异研究

张家口市地处生态脆弱的农牧交错地带,地表水资源匮乏,地下水超采严重,可利用的地表水资源有限。同时,张家口市又处于京津冀协同发展中的水源涵养区,其水资源安全对于整个京津冀至关重要。根据水资源安全风险大小进行水资源分区管理和决策工作意义重大。本文在遵循科学性、可比性、可操作性和数据可获取性原则指导下,构建水资源安全风险评价指标体系,利用层次分析法求取指标权重,采用数理统计和3S技术空间分析获取张家口市基于水资源分区的以县域为单位的多源数据,进行数据归一化处理和加权水资源安全风险评价,结果表明:张家口市水资源安全风险在地貌单元与县域行政尺度上和在流域尺度上分异明显。坝上高风险区面积较大,但高风险极端值在坝下市辖区;流域尺度上水资源安全高风险区分布在内陆河流域和永定河流域,所辖的滦河流域、潮白河流域、大青河流域水资源安全风险值呈现由北向南降低的趋势。坝上偏西偏北区域,"孕灾环境脆弱性"对水资源安全风险的贡献率最大,坝下农区农业用水虽然会挤占其它产业发展和生态用水空间,在水资源禀赋不足的条件下,市辖区城市人口的集聚和工业经济的发展造成的水资源数量短缺和水环境污染所引发的水资源安全风险更大。张家口市水资源安全风险的空间分异研究,可为农牧交错带水资源安全风险分区管理和决策工作提供重要科学参考。