Conference Announcement. EGIS '94 Fifth European Conference and Exhibition on Geographical Information Systems (EGIS)

Abstract

The GIS literature abounds with strategies to guide the development of a corporate GIS as a single project but lacks discussion on the long term management of the GIS. This paper documents a recent study into GIS development in a state department over an 18-year period. It applies the productional perspective of GIS to model long term GIS development diagrammatically and identifies five patterns of GIS development. The outcomes reveal some long term characteristics of a corporate GIS, based on which a three-stage approach is developed to guide the long term development of an ideal corporate GIS.     

皖东侵入岩矿物Rb-Sr和Ar-Ar年代学及其与氧同位素平衡之间的关系

为探讨花岗质岩石中矿物O同位素平衡与Rb Sr矿物等时线年龄有效性之间的关系 ,测定了皖东屯仓与横山两个石英二长岩体中单矿物的Rb Sr和O同位素组成以及角闪石和黑云母的Ar Ar年龄。屯仓岩体的石英 -角闪石对温度为 5 4 5± 2 5℃ ,石英 -黑云母对温度为 4 6 0± 2 0℃ ,石英 -斜长石对温度 385± 4 0℃。横山岩体的石英 -角闪石对温度为 5 30± 2 5℃ ,石英 -黑云母对温度为 390± 15℃和石英 -斜长石对温度 2 85± 35℃。反映封闭体系中矿物在冷却过程中的退化交换再平衡。矿物间的氧同位素平衡对应于有地质意义的Rb Sr矿物等时线年龄。屯仓岩体的全岩 -角闪石 -斜长石Rb Sr等时线年龄 (12 8.4± 4 .7Ma)与角闪石的Ar Ar年龄 (12 5 .5 1± 0 .5 5Ma)在误差范围内一致 ,全岩 -角闪石 -斜长石 -黑云母Rb Sr等时线年龄 (12 0 .3± 2 .6Ma)与黑云母的Ar Ar年龄 (118.0± 0 .1Ma)一致。横山岩体的全岩 -角闪石 -斜长石Rb Sr矿物等时线年龄 (10 8± 15Ma)比角闪石的Ar Ar年龄 (12 5 .7± 1.8Ma)低 ,全岩 -角闪石 -斜长石 -黑云母Rb Sr等时线年龄 (118.6± 1.2Ma)小于黑云母的Ar Ar年龄 (12 0 .0± 0 .2Ma)。Rb Sr等时线年龄小于Ar Ar年龄是由于长石的蚀变引起的。大的等时线误差是由于Rb/Sr比值变化范围太小     

云南金宝山镁铁-超镁铁岩的地球化学特征及成因

金宝山超镁铁侵入岩赋存有超大型硫化物铂族元素矿床。单辉橄榄岩是岩区员主要的含矿岩石类型。根据单辉橄榄岩的矿物学、岩石学、岩石化学及微量元素地球化学特征，探讨岩浆的结晶分异演化过程，提出岩体的形成与岩浆结品分异有关，母岩浆成分为拉斑质玄武质岩浆。岩体高镁、高稀土总量，以及橄榄石与辉石的结构特征显示岩体是橄揽石、铬尖晶石等矿物与残留岩浆混合形成。     

白音查干凹陷断层活动对沉积的控制作用

白音查干凹陷断层活动对沉积起着明显的控制作用。北部陡坡断层沉降速率大，使得该区霍恩和冬屋地区成为持续发育的沉积中心。变换构造带在白音查干凹陷主要表现为调节带，在凹陷的北坡桑合西地区、吉尔地区是持续发育的横向调节带，地貌上为持续存在的古构造高；南坡的白音查干调节带与达1井东调节带，分别是锡林好来与达尔其辫状河三角洲体系、达尔其与翁特沉积体系的分水岭。     

棉花年景评价方法

文章介绍两种棉花年景评价方法：综合气象要素评价法和相似分析评价法。前者是将ＡＢ报收到的旬平均气温、旬降水量和旬日照时数按照一定的原则组合成为综合气象要素，分析历史综合气象要素和棉花产量丰歉，得出其评价指标，依据指标，进行实时棉花年景评价；后者是根据历史资料，确定丰歉年型，利用相似分析原理，得出相似分析评价指标，根据指标，判断棉花产量的丰歉。结果表明，这两种评价方法在棉花产量丰歉评价中，准确率都在９０％以上。     

城市化进程中耕地资源转用效率评价——以江苏省为例

城市化是工业化发展的必然要求与必然结果，是人口非农化，经济非农化发展的一个过程，也是土地非农化的过程，为更好地认识城市化进程中土地资源配置效率及其动态变化，文章以江苏省为例，应用边际分析的原理和方法对城市化进程中耕地转用效率评价进行了探讨，得到在城市化进程中耕地的转用效率在不同的时间阶段与不同的侧面有不同的表现的结论，并在此基础上提出了提高城市化进程中耕地资源配置效率的政策建议。     

Effects of heavy metals on the survival and feeding behaviour of the sandy shore scavenging gastropod Nassarius festivus (Powys)

The effects of Cu, Cd, Zn and Cr on the survival and feeding behaviour of the sandy shore scavenging gastropod Nassarius festivus were compared. The 96-h LC₅₀ for Cu, Cd, Zn and Cr were 0.36, 1.52, 1.76 and 36.9 mg l⁻¹, respectively. Four sublethal concentrations of each metal plus a control were prepared and the snails were exposed to experimental solutions for 96 h. Feeding behaviour was studied after the snails were starved for five days. As compared with the control, the number of individuals feeding was significantly reduced by exposure to 0.05 mg l⁻¹ Cu, 0.2 mg l⁻¹ Zn, 0.5 mg l⁻¹ Cd and 5 mg l⁻¹ Cr. The time spent feeding was greater for individuals exposed to greater concentrations of Zn and Cd but no effect was found for Cu and Cr. Chemoreception of food was studied by placing the snails at a fixed distance of 15 cm from the bait. The success rate of reaching the bait was less for individuals exposed to Cr but no effect was found for Zn, Cu or Cd. The time required for an individual to reach the bait decreased as the concentration of Zn increased. In contrast, a longer time was required for individuals exposed to Cr whereas the effect of Cd and Cu was insignificant. The potential of using feeding behaviour and chemoreception in contaminant evaluations is discussed.     

中国亚热带北界及其过渡带

本文根据亚热带热量指标构造了热量综合指数表达式,确定亚热带北界的具体位置、宽度和特征,分析过渡带内气候变量在时间上和空间上的内在联系。     

A hybrid model for numerical wave forecasting and its implementation——Ⅱ. The discrete part and implementation of the model

In the first part of the present paper we have explained why we manage to formulate another wave prediction model when so many of them, including the so-called third generation model, have already been in use. The wind-wave part of the proposed model has also been given. Now we proceed to discuss the swell part,the implementation of the model as a prediction method,mumerical experiments done with ideal wind fields and hindcasts made in the Bohai Sea,in the neighboring seas adjacent to China and in the Northwest Pacific.     

基于改进场模型的城市腹地划分方法——以山东省为例

针对传统城市腹地划分方法很少考虑阻碍因素的不足,该文将阻碍因素引入场模型,改进场模型中的城市综合规模,提出了基于改进场模型的城市腹地划分方法,较好地界定了城市影响范围;基于改进的场模型,实现了城市势力范围合理划分。以山东省17个地级市为研究对象,开展了城市腹地划分验证分析,实验结果表明:山东省各城市势力范围差异较大,中心城市的势力范围远远超出其行政范围,各城市势力圈与市域行政范围吻合性有待提高。研究表明城市腹地范围是由中心城市和周边城市的实力共同决定,是对城市经济区的重新界定,对城市体系规划和结构调整有一定参考意义。