好氧颗粒污泥系统快速启动试验研究

采用3组圆柱型SBR反应器进行活性污泥颗粒化培养,接种浓度分别为12 500mg.L-1,4 400mg.L-1和1 800mg.L-1。由于采用逐步缩短沉降时间这一有效措施,系统启动20d后,颗粒污泥初步形成,污泥浓度可达到6 000~8 000mg.L-1,高于普通活性污泥系统,且沉降性能良好,SVI值在50mL.g-1左右。颗粒污泥的平均粒径稳定在0.2~0.25mm。在活性污泥颗粒化的启动试验中,在生物化学条件相同的条件下,逐步缩短沉淀时间可以加快好氧污泥颗粒化系统的启动。     

A Compact Explicit Difference Scheme of High Accuracy for Extended Boussinesq Equations

Presented here is a compact explicit difference scheme of high accuracy for solving the extended Boussinesq equations.For time discretization,a three-stage explicit Runge-Kutta method with TVD property is used at predicting stage,a cubic spline function is adopted at correcting stage,which made the time discretization accuracy up to fourth order;For spatial discretization,a three-point explicit compact difference scheme with arbitrary order accuracy is employed.The extended Boussinesq equations derived by Beji and Nadaoka are solved by the proposed scheme.The numerical results agree well with the experimental data.At the same time,the comparisons of the two numerical results between the present scheme and low accuracy difference method are made,which further show the necessity of using high accuracy scheme to solve the extended Boussinesq equations.As a valid sample,the wave propagation on the rectangular step is formulated by the present scheme,the modelled results are in better agreement with the experimental data than those of Kittitanasuan.     

病毒膜蛋白及其表达和纯化技术的研究进展

病毒囊膜是包膜病毒除核衣壳外的另一主要成分。它主要由多种蛋白质构成，称为膜蛋白，膜蛋白以单聚体，二聚体，三聚体，甚至更多的聚合体的形式存在，具有中和抗体，与靶细胞受体结合，凝集红细胞，诱导细胞融合等多种功能，膜蛋白可采用将其基因整合入载体，并在昆虫细胞，哺乳细胞或细菌中获得体外表达，膜蛋白可在去污剂的作用下形成蛋白质－脂－去污剂的复合物而被溶解，其中去污剂的临界微团浓度，亲水物－亲脂物平衡值，荷电、紫外穿透性等是选择合适去污剂的主要参考因子，溶解后的膜蛋白多利用聚丙烯酰胺凝胶电泳、凝胶过滤层析，离子交换层析，亲和层析，高效液相层析等技术并结合梯度离心；分级沉淀等进行分离、纯化。     

Sea surface temperature variations in the southwestern South China Sea over the past 160 ka

Sea surface temperatures (SSTs) in the southwestern South China Sea have been reconstructed for the past 160 ka using the Uk37 paleothermometer from the core MD01-2392. The temperature differences between glacial times (MISs 6 and 2) and interglacial times (MISs 5.5 and 1) are 2.2~2.5 ℃. Younger Dryas event during the last deglaciation was documented in both the planktonic foraminiferal δ18O and SST records. After MIS 5.5, SSTs displayed a progressive cooling from 28.6 to 24.5 ℃, culminating at the LGM. During this gradual cooling period, warm events such as MISs 5.3, 5.1 and 3 were also clearly documented. By comparison of SST between the study core and Core 17954, a pattern of low or no meridional SST gradients during the interglacial periods and high meridional SST gradients during the glacial periods was exhibited. This pattern indicates the much stronger East Asian winter monsoon at the glacial than at the interglacial periods. Spectral analysis gives two prominent cycles: 41 and 23 ka, with the former more pronounced, suggesting that SSTs in the southern SCS varied in concert with high-latitude processes through the connection of East Asian winter monsoon.     

悬浮沙激光散斑图像处理的研究

本文以统计模式识别为基础，阐述了图像处理在悬浮沙粒粒径流量中的实际应用，提出了用图像层析来确定放大系数的方法，提出了测量的准确度。     

凡纳滨对虾咸淡水养殖系统内细菌群落组成的PCR-DGGE分析

采用PCR(polym erase chain reaction)-DGGE(denaturing grad ient gel electrophoresis)及传统的微生物培养方法对凡纳滨对虾Litopenaeus vannam ei咸淡水养殖系统内各种环境的细菌群落组成进行了比较研究。传统的微生物培养计数表明,从海湾水、养殖池水到对虾粪样,细菌和弧菌的数量表现出依次增加的趋势,粪样及肠壁中弧菌的数量高出外界水环境1—4个数量级。相对于外界水环境,粪样中有很高的芽孢杆菌孢子含量,但是肠壁定植细菌中不存在芽孢杆菌(孢子)。PCR-DGGE及聚类分析结果表明,从海湾沿岸、养殖池、对虾粪便到对虾肠壁,细菌群落的多样性由高到低,无论是在哪种环境,群落的优势种都十分明显,且只有2—4种。来自同一环境各样品间的细菌群落组成非常相似,来自不同环境的样品,其细菌群落组成差别较大。聚类图上各簇的排列顺序反映了样品在取样空间分布上的毗邻次序和它们的相似程度。     

清淤输泥的新方法新设备

为解决中低滩涂沉积的深厚软粘土层的输送难题,提出了一种清淤输泥的新方法,研制了能远距离输送高浓度、大粘度、低含水量的淤泥和软粘土的土方施工新设备:包括进料口、推送器、表面膜发生器、脉冲切割器、定位系统、智能控制系统、输料管道、管道浮子等。该设备具有能耗低,工效高,效益好;结构简单,故障少,运行维护方便;定位准确性高;自动化程度高等特点。可广泛应用于水利、环保、建筑工程中的淤泥和软粘土输送。     

浙江省海塘塘顶高程的确定

介绍了浙江省海塘塘顶高程确定时所涉及的波浪爬高，越浪量等的计量，同时分析了1997年后浙江省海塘塘顶高程确定的方法，由已建海塘的塘顶高程分析可见，在背水坡和塘顶有保护措施的情况下，采用允许最大越波流量来控制海塘塘顶高程，可适当降低塘身高度。     

Preliminary Study on Oil Oxidizing Degradation of Hydrocarbon

The present note describes the microbial degradation of crude oil and hydrocarbons, and discusses the microbial purification of the sea. The study shows that, (1) The ability, of Gram-negative bacteria to degrade crude oil is higher than Gram-positive bacteria. Degradation by Flavobacterium spp. and Xanthomonas spp. is higher than others; (2) The ability of dif-     

用纤维素乙酸平板电泳测定中国卤虫的同功酶变异(英文)

本文报导了应用纤维素乙酸平板电泳方法,测定采于中国山东省东方红盐场卤虫(Artemia)的同功酶。经测定,8种同功酶其中有6种是多态的,即:苹果酸脱氢酶(MDH)、异柠檬酸酶(IDH)、谷氨酸草醋酸转移酶(GOT)、葡糖-6-磷酸盐脱氢酶(D6PHD)、6-磷酸萄糖脱氢酶(6PGDH)和磷酸葡糖异构酶(PGI)。本文所提供的研究方法,不仅适用于基础研究,而且在水产养殖业上有助于对卤虫的筛选和确证。