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101.
Results of the DEKORP 1 (BELCORP-DEKORP) deep seismic reflection studies in the western part of the Rhenish Massif 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
DEKORP Research GroupH.-J. Anderle R. Bittner R. Bortfeld J. Bouckaert G. Büchel G. Dohr H.-J. Dürbaum H. Durst W. Fielitz E. Flüh T. Gundlach L. Hance A. Henk F. Jordan D. Kläschen M. Klöckner R. Meissner W. Meyer O. Oncken C. Reichert K.-H. Ribbert P. Sadowiak H.-U. Schmincke J. Schmoll R. Walter K. Weber U. Weihrauch Th. Wever 《Geophysical Journal International》1991,106(1):203-227
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An understanding of the relative impacts of the changes in climate variables on crop yield can help develop effective adaptation strategies to cope with climate change. This study was conducted to investigate the effects of the interannual variability and trends in temperature, solar radiation and precipitation during 1961–2003 on wheat and maize yields in a double cropping system at Beijing and Zhengzhou in the North China Plain (NCP), and to examine the relative contributions of each climate variable in isolation. 129 climate scenarios consisting of all the combinations of these climate variables were constructed. Each scenario contained 43 years of observed values of one variable, combined with values of the other two variables from each individual year repeated 43 times. The Agricultural Production Systems Simulator (APSIM) was used to simulate crop yields using the ensemble of generated climate scenarios. The results showed that the warming trend during the study period did not have significant impact on wheat yield potential at both sites, and only had significant negative impact on maize yield potential at Beijing. This is in contrast with previous results on effect of warming. The decreasing trend in solar radiation had a much greater impact on simulated yields of both wheat and maize crops, causing a significant reduction in potential yield of wheat and maize at Beijing. Although decreasing trends in rainfed yield of both simulated wheat and maize were found, the substantial interannual variability of precipitation made the trends less prominent. 相似文献
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There is a disconcerting global trend of retiring telescopes of modest aperture, supplanting them instead with fewer expensive telescopes of quite large aperture. As a consequence, the available time and feasibility of following transient objects in astrophysics is diminishing. We show the utility of having a suite of small to moderate aperture telescopes capable of conducting imaging and spectroscopic observations in a service queue mode. The example we provide is the high-cadence early observations of the classical nova V475 Scuti (2003) carried out with the SMARTS suite of telescopes located at CTIO. 相似文献
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M. Todd Walter Tammo S. Steenhuis Vishal K. Mehta Dominique Thongs Mark Zion Elliot Schneiderman 《水文研究》2002,16(10):2041-2046
The TOPMODEL framework was used to derive expressions that account for saturated and unsaturated flow through shallow soil on a hillslope. The resulting equations were the basis for a shallow‐soil TOPMODEL (STOPMODEL). The common TOPMODEL theory implicitly assumes a water table below the entire watershed and this does not conceptually apply to systems hydrologically controlled by shallow interflow of perched groundwater. STOPMODEL provides an approach for extending TOPMODEL's conceptualization to apply to shallow, interflow‐driven watersheds by using soil moisture deficit instead of water table depth as the state variable. Deriving STOPMODEL by using a hydraulic conductivity function that changes exponentially with soil moisture content results in equations that look very similar to those commonly associated with TOPMODEL. This alternative way of conceptualizing TOPMODEL makes the modelling approach available to researchers, planners, and engineers who work in areas where TOPMODEL was previously believed to be unsuited, such as the New York City Watershed in the Catskills region of New York State. Copyright © 2002 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
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Weakly and strongly bound copper, lead and cadmium have been determined in the dissolved and particulate fractions of water samples from Oslofjord. The differentiation was made possible by using different sequences of filtration, acidification and digestion. The quantitative measurements were done by differential pulse anodic stripping voltammetry. Lead was found to be associated mostly with particulate matter, while cadmium was present only in the dissolved fraction. A strong digestion was needed for the determination of total metal. The advantage of pretreating sample bottles and filters with a conditioning solution is illustrated. 相似文献
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