三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷哈尔加乌组火山岩旋回与期次划分

为研究三塘湖盆地马朗凹陷哈尔加乌组火山岩油气藏的分布特征,需对火山岩的旋回和期次进行划分。通过薄片鉴定、单井喷发韵律识别、电性特征分析和地震反射特征分析对哈尔加乌组火山岩旋回和期次进行了厘定,认为哈尔加乌组火山岩主要为熔岩类和火山碎屑岩类,发育溢流相、由爆发相过渡为溢流相、爆发相、熔岩与火山碎屑岩或沉火山碎屑岩互层4种韵律类型,其中溢流相为主要韵律类型。对不同韵律进行组合,可将哈尔加乌组火山岩划分为4个喷发期次,4个喷发期次又可以组合为2个喷发亚旋回,该时期火山喷发主要呈现出喷发-宁静-喷发-宁静的过程。     

储层岩石流动电位的电化学影响因素

利用储层岩石的流动电位特性描述油藏的流动特性已引起地球物理领域的关注。依据多孔介质中的双电层模型与毛管电化学理论,建立了渗流场、离子流场和电流场的耦合关系,数值模拟了泥质砂岩储渗特性和电化学因素对流动电位耦合系数的影响。结果表明:当考虑储层岩石中存在浓差极化效应时,流动电位耦合系数的绝对值随溶液浓度、阳离子交换量、孔隙度和渗透率的增大而增大;浓差极化效应对流动电位具有放大作用。     

向上延拓对斜导数方法处理航磁异常的影响

分析了中国南部某地利用斜导数方法处理航磁数据时遇到的问题,由于受到浅源磁干扰场的影响,用斜导数方法处理后的航磁数据异常形态复杂,从而影响地质解释效果。为此提出了向上延拓与斜导数方法联合使用的改进办法,通过实例阐述了应用斜导数方法处理航磁数据应注意的问题。改进后的方法,能充分体现航磁资料在地质解释方面的优势。     

Control Factors and Diversities of Phase State of Oil and Gas Pools in the Kuqa Petroleum System

Based on the analysis of the hydrocarbon geochemical characteristics in the Kuqa petroleum system of the Tarim Basin, this study discusses the causes and controlling factors of the phase diversities and their differences in geochemical features. According to the characteristics and differences in oil and gas phase, the petroleum system can be divided into five categories: oil reservoir, wet gas reservoir, condensate gas-rich reservoir, condensate gas-poor reservoir and dry gas reservoir. The causes for the diversities in oil and gas phases include diversities of the sources of parent material, maturity of natural gas and the process of hydrocarbon accumulation of different hydrocarbon phases. On the whole, the Jurassic and Triassic terrestrial source rocks are the main sources for the hydrocarbon in the Kuqa Depression. The small differences in parent material may cause diversities in oil and gas amount, but the impact is small. The differences in oil and gas phase are mainly affected by maturity and the accumulation process, which closely relates with each other. Oil and gas at different thermal evolution stage can be captured in different accumulation process.     

EH4电磁系统在云南红河地区地下水勘查中的应用

本文介绍了EH4电磁成像系统的基本原理、技术特点和适用范围,结合该系统在云南红河地区不同类型地下水勘查中的应用实例,证明该系统能够查清厚覆盖层下的地质构造、地下河形态及含水岩溶带。利用该系统确定的井位已成功地打出地下水,有效地解决了当地的供水问题。     

辽河吉林省段COD环境容量研究

为准确核算辽河吉林省段水环境容量,对该流域水文水质和污染源资料进行了统计分析和合理推断,改进了综合衰减系数(K)的计算方法,得到适合该区域的K值。结合当地经济发展状况与环境特点,采用河流一维稳态模型从分期尺度上核定水环境容量。结果表明,吉林省辽河流域水污染严重:2007—2010年,点源和非点源COD年均入河量分别为35 381.7 t/a和98 488.7 t/a,非点源已成为流域主要污染源;丰、平、枯3个水期的COD管理环境容量分别为71 746.0、37 949.2、3 971.6 t/a,均较小,年内分配极不均衡;在现状COD入河条件下,丰、平、枯水期均无COD剩余环境容量。     

Basin-wide Holocene environmental changes in the marginal area of the Asian monsoon,northwest China

In arid regions, because of spatial variability, using single climate records is difficult to reconstruct the past climate change for the drainage basins. Holocene environmental records were collected from the upper, middle and lower regions of the Shiyang River drainage basin in the marginal area of the Asian monsoon (northwest China). The main objective of this paper was to compare the records from the terminal lake and the middle and upper reaches of the basin to study the basin-wide environmental changes. During the early Holocene the vegetation was sparse, and the effective moisture was relatively low in the basin. The Holocene Climatic Optimum started between 7.0 and 8.0 cal ka BP, during which the lake level reached the highest level in the terminal lake; the vegetation density and the effective moisture reached the highest level during the Holocene in the drainage basin. From 4.7 cal ka BP the terminal lake began to shrink, while the vegetation density decreased dramatically. In the middle and upper regions of the drainage, the effective moisture began to decrease since 3.5 cal ka BP, and the arid tendency was earlier in the terminal lake than it was in the middle and upper regions of the drainage basin. During the early Holocene the relatively arid environment was affected by the gradually intensifying East Asian monsoon and the dry westerly winds. The mid-Holocene Optimum benefited from the intensive East Asian monsoon and the humid westerly winds. Then, the East Asian monsoon retreated since the late-Holocene. In the basin the arid tendency may be related to the retracting of the East Asian monsoon. However, the intensifying acidification after 1.5 cal ka BP may be correlated to the increasing dryness of the westerly winds.     

根系土中重金属元素分布特征及在农作物中的迁移

以上海市金山区为对象,分析了农用地土壤重金属元素的形态分布特征,以及元素的有效态（水溶态、离子交换态）与全量、有机质、pH等的相关性;根据重金属元素在稻米、蔬菜等不同农作物中的含量,分析了其迁移及生物有效性。结果表明：不同元素的形态组成差异较大;Pb、Zn、Ni元素的有效态与环境因素（pH、有机质）关系密切;土壤中重金属元素Cd最为活跃且易发生迁移,在多种农作物中有较为明显的富集;稻米中重金属元素的富集程度相对较小。研究成果可为土壤污染治理、种植结构调整、土地合理利用提供有益借鉴。     

湖北潜江凹陷古近系深层富钾卤水成因及演化

地下深层富钾卤水是非常重要的钾盐资源,目前很少从区域尺度系统研究沉积盆地中富钾卤水水化学特征及成因.对潜江凹陷深层富钾卤水进行了主、微量元素分析.研究区卤水矿化度为125.70～347.00 g/L,K含量为0.32～6.83 g/L;富集Li、B、I、Na、Cl,亏损Mg、Br,Ca、SO4有富集也有亏损.储层岩石矿...     

贵州空域自动化批复系统

人工影响天气作业(以下简称“人影作业”)的申请与批复是人影作业实施的重要环节,是一项涉及多行业、多环节,对安全性要求极高的技术工作。目前,空中交通日益繁忙,日航班量达1700余次,全省人影作业高炮及固定火箭达480余门,是20 a前的3~4倍,通过电话、甚高频无线电台进行人影作业空域申请的传统工作方式已无法满足目前人影作业空域申报和管理的要求。为提高人影作业的效率,缩短作业申请与批复信息的传递时耗,开发建成了贵州省空域自动化批复系统,实现了人影作业多点同时申请与批复,解决了电话占线等问题。简化了业务流程,缩短了人影作业申请与批复时间,从以往一个申请过程至少需打8个电话缩短到2个电话,实现了禁射区的自动批复,完成了人影工作由传统型向信息化转变,大大提高了人影作业时效。