全文获取类型
收费全文 | 325篇 |
免费 | 5篇 |
国内免费 | 4篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 8篇 |
大气科学 | 16篇 |
地球物理 | 69篇 |
地质学 | 132篇 |
海洋学 | 11篇 |
天文学 | 46篇 |
自然地理 | 52篇 |
出版年
2023年 | 2篇 |
2021年 | 3篇 |
2020年 | 2篇 |
2019年 | 3篇 |
2018年 | 7篇 |
2017年 | 4篇 |
2016年 | 9篇 |
2015年 | 8篇 |
2014年 | 16篇 |
2013年 | 12篇 |
2012年 | 18篇 |
2011年 | 17篇 |
2010年 | 21篇 |
2009年 | 25篇 |
2008年 | 12篇 |
2007年 | 13篇 |
2006年 | 13篇 |
2005年 | 11篇 |
2004年 | 7篇 |
2003年 | 13篇 |
2002年 | 6篇 |
2001年 | 5篇 |
2000年 | 6篇 |
1999年 | 2篇 |
1998年 | 5篇 |
1997年 | 8篇 |
1996年 | 4篇 |
1995年 | 4篇 |
1994年 | 5篇 |
1992年 | 3篇 |
1991年 | 5篇 |
1990年 | 7篇 |
1989年 | 3篇 |
1988年 | 5篇 |
1987年 | 4篇 |
1985年 | 5篇 |
1984年 | 6篇 |
1983年 | 3篇 |
1982年 | 6篇 |
1980年 | 4篇 |
1978年 | 3篇 |
1977年 | 3篇 |
1975年 | 1篇 |
1974年 | 4篇 |
1973年 | 2篇 |
1971年 | 1篇 |
1970年 | 1篇 |
1968年 | 1篇 |
1964年 | 1篇 |
1959年 | 1篇 |
排序方式: 共有334条查询结果,搜索用时 328 毫秒
271.
Bianca Adler Norbert Kalthoff Leonhard Gantner 《Meteorology and Atmospheric Physics》2011,112(1-2):15-27
Simulations with the Consortium for Small Scale Modelling model were performed to investigate the impact of land surface inhomogeneities on the initiation of convection. A case from the African Monsoon Multidisciplinary Analysis campaign, 11 June 2006, was selected. On this day, a mesoscale convective system was observed and simulated. The simulation scenarios included a realistic and an increased initial soil moisture distribution as well as a homogeneous soil moisture and texture field. Land use and orography were the same in all runs. Heat and moisture budget calculations were applied to analyse the processes responsible for the evolution of pre-convective atmospheric conditions and convection-triggering thermally induced circulation systems. Convective cells were initiated in all experiments. However, the amount of cells, their origin, evolution, and precipitation amount differed. First shallow clouds were initiated over areas with higher sensible heat fluxes. The evolution of subsequent deep convection was triggered by secondary circulation systems caused by baroclinic conditions generated by clouded and unclouded regions. The further evolution of the precipitation cells strongly depended on convective inhibition in the areas the cells moved into. 相似文献
272.
273.
Luca Sitzia Pascal Bertran Stphane Boulogne Michel Brenet Rmy Crassard Anne Delagnes Marine Frouin Christine Hatt Jacques Jaubert Lamya Khalidi Erwan Messager Norbert Mercier Alain Meunier Stphane Peign Alain Queffelec Chantal Tribolo Roberto Macchiarelli 《Geoarchaeology》2012,27(6):471-491
The Shi'bat Dihya 1 site in western Yemen, dated by optically stimulated luminescence to 55 ka, provides insight into the Middle Paleolithic peopling of the Arabian Peninsula. The archaeological layer is interstratified within thick, sandy silt floodplain deposits filling a piedmont basin. Luminescence dates, lack of soil development, and gypsum precipitation indicate a high accretion rate of the floodplain during Marine Isotope Stage 3, in connection with a (semi)‐arid environment. Rapid overbank sedimentation was likely a result of the remobilization of loess material deposited on the Yemeni Great Escarpment at the periphery of the adjacent Tihama coastal sand desert or of other sources. Fabric and size analyses of the lithic artifacts, together with spatial projections, indicate site modifications by floods. Primary modifications include (1) selective accumulation of medium‐sized lithic pieces as a result of hydraulic sorting, (2) bimodal orientation of artifacts, and (3) ripple‐like arrangement of lithics and bone/tooth fragments. The overrepresentation of teeth may also be a consequence of sorting. Although floods have distorted the original site patterning, long‐distance transport of artifacts by water can be excluded, as indicated by relatively high refitting rate, close proximity of artifacts derived from the same block of raw material, and lack of abrasion of the pieces. Therefore, the site is considered “geologically” in situ because its remobilization by water occurred shortly after human abandonment. This study also stresses that the effective preservation of a site cannot be assessed without careful taphonomic study, even in a potentially favorable depositional context such as silty alluvium. 相似文献
274.
Jens Wendler Jens Köster Jens Götze Norbert Kasch Norbert Zisser Jonas Kley Dieter Pudlo Georg Nover Reinhard Gaupp 《International Journal of Earth Sciences》2012,101(1):159-176
Fracture-related bleaching of Lower Triassic Buntsandstein red beds of central Germany was related to significant carbonate
diagenesis and feldspar alteration caused by CO2-rich fluids. Using cathodoluminescence microscopy and spectroscopy combined with electron microprobe analysis and stable
carbon isotope study, two major fluid–mineral interactions were detected: (1) zoned, joint-filling calcites and zoned pore-filling
calcite cements, the latter replacing an earlier dolomite, were formed during bleaching. During the calcite formation and
dolomite–calcite transformation, iron was incorporated into the calcite cement crystal cores due to Fe availability from the
coeval bleaching. The dedolomitisation was ultimately associated with a volume increase. The related permeability decrease
implies a certain degree of sealing and increasing retention of CO2, and the volume increase offers a minor CO2 sink. Carbonate-rich sandstone, therefore, can provide advantages for underground CO2 storage especially when situated in the fringes of the reservoir. (2) Alkali-feldspar alteration due to the bleaching fluids
is reflected in cathodoluminescence spectra predominantly by the modulation of a brown luminescence emission peak (~620 nm).
This peak represents a newly discovered effect related to alkali-feldspar alteration not solely associated with bleaching.
Its modulation by the bleaching is interpreted to be due to Na depletion or a lattice defect in the Si–O bonds of the SiO4-tetrahedron. Alteration reflected by this luminescence feature has a destructive effect on the feldspars implying the possibility
of diminished rock integrity due to bleaching and, hence, CO2-rich fluids. Two further CL spectral changes related to bleaching occur, (a) decreased intensity between around 570 nm assigned
to Mn-depletion, and (b) increased amplitude and wavelength shift of the red (~680 nm) band. Converging evidence from carbonate
and feldspar diagenesis, stable carbon isotope data and analysis of fracture directions suggests that CO2 fluids contributed to a significant extent to the bleaching phenomena and alteration in the studied Buntsandstein strata. 相似文献
275.
Drilling devices with the ability to create narrow, but deep, boreholes in a planetary surface are important tools for the
exploration of the structure and properties of planetary surface layers. Therefore, they are usually proposed for planetary
landers for the Moon, Mars, Venus or small planetary bodies. A method based on the use of a cold gas flow for ejecting debris
particles from the borehole has recently been suggested and investigated theoretically (K?mle et al. in Acta Geotech 3:201–214,
2008a). The current paper reports on laboratory experiments designed to validate this method under vacuum or low pressure conditions.
Two different sample materials were used: (1) glass beads in the sub-millimeter size range, and (2) the certified lunar analog
material JSC-1A, a finely crushed basaltic rock. For both materials, the suction process for removing the particles from a
simulated borehole worked well and with a moderate gas consumption. 相似文献
276.
Wayne R. Pryor A. Ian F. Stewart William E. McClintock Alain J. Jouchoux Donald E. Shemansky Robert A. West Bruce T. Tsurutani George B. Hospodarsky Kenneth C. Hansen Frank J. Crary Norbert Krupp Denis Grodent 《Icarus》2005,178(2):312-326
The Cassini spacecraft Ultraviolet Imaging Spectrograph (UVIS) obtained observations of Jupiter's auroral emissions in H2 band systems and H Lyman-α from day 275 of 2000 (October 1), to day 81 of 2001 (March 22). Much of the globally integrated auroral variability measured with UVIS can be explained simply in terms of the rotation of Jupiter's main auroral arcs with the planet. These arcs were also imaged by the Space Telescope Imaging Spectrograph (STIS) on Hubble Space Telescope (HST). However, several brightening events were seen by UVIS in which the global auroral output increased by a factor of 2-4. These events persisted over a number of hours and in one case can clearly be tied to a large solar coronal mass ejection event. The auroral UV emissions from these bursts also correspond to hectometric radio emission (0.5-16 MHz) increases reported by the Galileo Plasma Wave Spectrometer (PWS) and Cassini Radio and Plasma Wave Spectrometer (RPWS) experiments. In general, the hectometric radio data vary differently with longitude than the UV data because of radio wave beaming effects. The 2 largest events in the UVIS data were on 2000 day 280 (October 6) and on 2000 days 325-326 (November 20-21). The global brightening events on November 20-21 are compared with corresponding data on the interplanetary magnetic field, solar wind conditions, and energetic particle environment. ACE (Advanced Composition Explorer) solar wind data was numerically propagated from the Earth to Jupiter with an MHD code and compared to the observed event. A second class of brief auroral brightening events seen in HST (and probably UVIS) data that last for ∼2 min is associated with auroral flares inside the main auroral ovals. On January 8, 2001, from 18:45-19:35 UT UVIS H2 band emissions from the north polar region varied quasiperiodically. The varying emissions, probably due to auroral flares inside the main auroral oval, are correlated with low-frequency quasiperiodic radio bursts in the 0.6-5 kHz Galileo PWS data. 相似文献
277.
针对摄影测量三维建模向全自动化发展的背景,该文基于SURE摄影测量软件,实现了自动化建立三维场景。阐述了主要的处理环节,包括密集匹配、平差交会、三角构网及贴图等,可生产的产品包括密集点云、真正射影像、数字表面模型、不规则三角网及三维贴图场景;通过分析匹配效率及点云和数字表面模型的精度,显示出其产品均可达到测量级精度。使用高重叠度或倾斜影像,SURE还可以生产出精美的三维城市模型;充分挖掘每一个像素的高精度三维坐标,是其在同类软件中的一大特色。 相似文献
278.
279.
280.
Renato Macciotta C. Derek Martin Norbert R. Morgenstern David M. Cruden 《Landslides》2016,13(1):115-127
Railway alignments through the Canadian Cordillera are constantly exposed to slope instabilities. Proactive mitigation strategies have been in place for a few decades now, and instability record keeping has been recognized as an important aspect of them. Such a proactive strategy has enhanced the industry’s capacity to manage slope risks, and some sections have been recognized as critical due to the frequency of instabilities. At these locations, quantification of the risks becomes necessary. Risk analysis requires knowledge of some variables for which statistical data are scarce or not available, and elicitation of subjective probabilities is needed. A limitation of such approaches lies in the uncertainty associated to those elicited probabilities. In this paper, a quantitative risk analysis is presented for a section of railway across the Canadian Cordillera. The analysis focused on the risk to life of the freight train crews working along this section. Upper and lower bounds were elicited to cope with the uncertainties associated with this approach. A Monte Carlo simulation technique was then applied to obtain the probability distribution of the estimated risks. The risk probability distribution suggests that the risk to life of the crews is below previously published evaluation criteria and within acceptable levels. The risk assessment approach proposed focuses on providing a measure of the uncertainty associated with the estimated risk and is capable of handling distributions that cover more than two orders of magnitude. 相似文献