湖南香花岭地区花岗岩中锂对成岩成矿的制约

锂(Li)是一种战略关键金属,岩浆阶段主要在花岗质岩石中得到富集和结晶.由于具有不相容和富挥发性等性质,锂对花岗岩的成岩成矿具有重要的制约.文章利用电子探针、LA-ICP-MS等分析手段,对湖南香花岭地区癞子岭和尖峰岭花岗岩进行系统岩相学、主微量和矿物学研究,结果表明:(1)花岗质岩浆结晶分异过程中,Li含量逐渐升高,...     

龙须菜对3种赤潮微藻生长的影响

在共生条件下,研究了鲜龙须菜对前沟藻、米氏凯伦藻和塔玛亚历山大藻等3种赤潮微藻生长的影响.在此基础上,以龙须菜培养水过滤液和龙须菜水溶性抽提液为实验用液,分析它们对上述3种赤潮微藻的抑制作用.最后,采用甲醇浸泡龙须菜干粉末,研究了其甲醇提取物对3种赤潮微藻生长的影响.结果表明,当鲜龙须菜浓度≥32 g·L-1时,其能显...     

基于CLUE-S模型集成设计的关键问题研究

在传统方法上使用CLUE-S模型进行土地利用变化模拟存在着效率低下的弊端,如需要借助SPSS软件进行Logistic回归分析和ROC曲线检验;需要借助数学方法进行土地需求量的预测,而预测方法之多会导致数学预测模型不好选取;此外显示土地利用模拟结果需要借助Arcgis软件。本文针对上述缺点,提出在基于CLUE-S模型基础上进行系统集成的设计思路,对其中的关键问题分别进行了研究,分别实现了各个功能。最后将模拟结果与Arcview软件生成的结果进行对比,完全符合。说明该设计思路是切实可行的,从而为解决上述困难提供了有效的方法基础,为该集成系统的有效运用提供了更为科学的依据。     

Effect of cyclic loading on monotonic shear strength of fine-grained soils

In this study the effect of cyclic loads on monotonic shear strength has been studied on torsional apparatus. Tests have been conducted on both reconstituted and undisturbed fine-grained hollow soil specimens. The plasticity index of soils is in the range from 2 to 33 for reconstituted specimens, prepared by dry pluviation, and from 5 to 13 for undisturbed soil specimens. The existence of a critical shear strain level, called yield shear strain, where softening starts, is determined from cyclic tests. The level of cyclic yield strain is ± 0.75% for the reconstituted soil specimens and ± 0.5% for the undisturbed soils. If soil undergoes a cyclic shear strain level below the cyclic yield strain, reduction of monotonic strength of reconstituted and undisturbed specimens is limited, but when cyclic shear strain level is larger than yield strain monotonic strength decreases down to 40% of its initial strength.     

A Stellar Ranging Scheme Based on the Second-order Correlation Measurement

Stellar ranging is the basis for stellar dynamics research and in-depth research on astrophysics.The parallax method is the most widely used and important basic...     

青海喇家遗址齐家文化时期黍粟农业的植硅体证据

齐家文化时期的农业经济状况是学术界关心的问题.喇家遗址是一处具有中心聚落性质的齐家文化遗址,已有的研究认为喇家遗址齐家文化时期的经济形态是以粟为主的粟黍旱作农业,但在具体的认识上还存在一些不同看法,仍需系统的植物考古学研究进一步验证.对喇家遗址土样的植硅体分析结果显示,齐家文化时期种植的农作物为粟和黍,而且以黍为主,没有发现麦类遗存.以黍为主的种植结构可能与所在区4.5ka B.P.以来气候趋于干冷有关.植硅体和浮选结果在黍粟含量对比上存在差异,我们对这种差异的产生原因进行了探讨.这一结果为重新认识喇家遗址乃至齐家文化的农业生产状况提供了新的参考资料.     

Istanbul Earthquake Rapid Response System: Methods and practices

Potential impact of large earthquakes on urban societies can be reduced by timely and correct action after a disastrous earthquake. Modern technology permits measurements of strong ground shaking in near real-time for urban areas exposed to earthquake risk. The Istanbul Earthquake Rapid Response System equipped with 100 instruments and two data processing centers aims at the near real time estimation of earthquake damages using most recently developed methodologies and up-to-date structural and demographic inventories of Istanbul city. The methodology developed for near real time estimation of losses after a major earthquake consists of the following general steps: (1) rapid estimation of the ground motion distribution using the strong ground motion data gathered from the instruments; (2) improvement of the ground motion estimations as earthquake parameters become available and (3) estimation of building damage and casualties based on estimated ground motions and intensities. The present paper elaborates on the ground motion and damage estimation methodologies used by the Istanbul Earthquake Rapid Response System with a special emphasis on validation and verification of the different methods.     

Time-lapse processing of 2D seismic profiles with testing of static correction methods at the CO2 injection site Ketzin (Germany)

The Ketzin project provides an experimental pilot test site for the geological storage of CO₂. Seismic monitoring of the Ketzin site comprises 2D and 3D time-lapse experiments with baseline experiments in 2005. The first repeat 2D survey was acquired in 2009 after 22 kt of CO₂ had been injected into the Stuttgart Formation at approximately 630 m depth. Main objectives of the 2D seismic surveys were the imaging of geological structures, detection of injected CO₂, and comparison with the 3D surveys. Time-lapse processing highlighted the importance of detailed static corrections to account for travel time delays, which are attributed to different near-surface velocities during the survey periods. Compensation for these delays has been performed using both pre-stack static corrections and post-stack static corrections. The pre-stack method decomposes the travel time delays of baseline and repeat datasets in a surface consistent manner, while the latter cross-aligns baseline and repeat stacked sections along a reference horizon.Application of the static corrections improves the S/N ratio of the time-lapse sections significantly. Based on our results, it is recommended to apply a combination of both corrections when time-lapse processing faces considerable near-surface velocity changes. Processing of the datasets demonstrates that the decomposed solution of the pre-stack static corrections can be used for interpretation of changes in near-surface velocities. In particular, the long-wavelength part of the solution indicates an increase in soil moisture or a shallower groundwater table in the repeat survey.Comparison with the processing results of 2D and 3D surveys shows that both image the subsurface, but with local variations which are mainly associated to differences in the acquisition geometry and source types used. Interpretation of baseline and repeat stacks shows that no CO₂ related time-lapse signature is observable where the 2D lines allow monitoring of the reservoir. This finding is consistent with the time-lapse results of the 3D surveys, which show an increase in reflection amplitude centered around the injection well. To further investigate any potential CO₂ signature, an amplitude versus offset (AVO) analysis was performed. The time-lapse analysis of the AVO does not indicate the presence of CO₂, as expected, but shows signs of a pressure response in the repeat data.     

北京及附近地区地壳速度结构与构造

利用研究区多条地震测深剖面段观测资料解释及多条剖面段的模型数据计算出了研究区结晶基底及莫霍面深度等深线结果,对该地区地壳深部速度结构与构造进行了较详细研究.结果表明,地壳深部速度结构与构造在纵向和横向上具有明显的不均一性,浅部基底断裂发育;研究区莫霍面等深线总体特征显示出从东向西逐渐加深趋势,局部区域显示异常变化,变化...