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101.
R.R. Reddy Y. Nazeer Ahammed K. Rama Gopal D. Baba Basha 《Astrophysics and Space Science》2003,286(3-4):419-436
The experimental potential energy curves for the different electronic states of molecules like CN, CO and CS observed in comets
are constructed by using the Rydberg-Klein-Rees method as modified by Vanderslice et al. The ground state dissociation energies
are determined by curve fitting technique using the five parameter Hulburt-Hirschfelder (H-H)function. The estimated dissociation
energies are 7.63 ± 0.187, 10.95 ±0.224 and 7.27 ± 0.152 eV for CN, CO and CS respectively. These values are in good agreement
with the literature values. Estimated dissociation energies of CN, CO and CS are used in the relation given by Gaydon and
ionization potentials are evaluated for CO and CS molecules. The estimated ionization potentials are 13.92and 12.15 eV for
CO and CS molecules respectively. The r-centroids and Franck-Condon factors (FC Factors) for the band system of a 3Πr – X1Σ+ (a – X) and A1Π – X 1Σ+ (A -X) of CN, A 2Πi – X2Σ+ (A – X) and B2Σ+-X2Σ+ (B – X) of CO and a 3Πr – X1Σ+ (a – X) of CS molecules have been calculated employing an approximate analytical methods of Jarmain and Fraser and Nicholls
and Jarmain. The absence of the bands in these systems are explained.
This revised version was published online in July 2006 with corrections to the Cover Date. 相似文献
102.
A new method for the speciation of Fe and Mn at mineral surfaces is proposed using X-ray absorption fine structure in conversion electron yield mode (CEY-XAFS). This method generally reflects information on the species at the sub-μm scale from the particle surface due to the limited escape depth of the inelastic Auger electron. The surface sensitivity of this method was assessed by experiments on two samples of granite showing different degrees of weathering. The XANES spectra of the Fe-K and Mn-K edge clearly gave different information for CEY and fluorescence (FL) modes. These XANES spectra of Fe and Mn show a good fit upon application of least-squares fitting using ferrihydrite/MnO2 and biotite as the end members. The XANES spectra collected by CEY mode provided more selective information on the secondary phases which are probably present at the mineral surfaces. In particular, CEY-XANES spectra of Mn indicated the presence of Mn oxide in unweathered granite despite a very small contribution of Mn oxide being indicated by FL-XANES and selective chemical-extraction analyses. Manganese oxide could not be detected by micro-beam XANES (beam size: 5 × 5 μm2) in unweathered granite, suggesting that Mn oxide thinly and ubiquitously coats mineral surface at a sub-μm scale. This information is important, since Mn oxide can be the host for various trace elements. CEY-XAFS can prove to be a powerful tool as a highly sensitive surface speciation method. Combination of CEY and FL-XAFS will help identify minor phases that form at mineral surfaces, but identification of Fe and Mn oxides at mineral surfaces is critical to understand the migration of trace elements in water-rock interaction. 相似文献
103.
104.
Spectral, zero up-crossing and Tucker's methods of analysis are examined for shallow water wave records. Among the wave height parameters Hs and
are most reliable and consistent irrespective of the analysis technique. Tucker analysis, though simple, seems versatile for estimating these wave height parameters. The standard period parameters are less consistent. For practical purposes every period that might reasonably occur has to be considered along with their corresponding height estimate. Joint distribution of heights and periods is in agreement with the function proposed by CNEXO. 相似文献
105.
106.
In the early stages of wave growth it is seen that wave heights are underestimated by presently available models especially in a low wind regime. Parametric wind-sea relationships of significant wave height (H2) and zero-crossing period (T 2) for slight to moderate sea-states were proposed earlier on an analysis of wind and wave data. This model is based on the concept of time delay between the wind speed (U) and wave evolution process. It is simple and requires less computational effort compared to the spectral method. The present paper attempts to test and evaluate the performance of the proposed model with additional field data of wind and waves measured off the Indian coast. MeasuredU,H 2, andT 2 ranged between 1 and 15 m/s, 0·5 and 2·7 m and 4 and 10 s respectively. By and large, the comparison between model output and field observations are encouraging. A hindcast study was carried out earlier using a spectral wave prediction model (TOHOKU) for Indian Seas using field measurements which include the data sets utilized in this study. Comparison between these two models reveals a good agreement. 相似文献
107.
Kiyoshi Baba 《Geomagnetism and Aeronomy》2008,48(5):690-690
108.
The present study offers a two-dimensional horizontal wave propagation and morphodynamic model for muddy coasts. The model can be applied on a general three-dimensional bathymetry of a soft muddy coast to calculate wave damping, fluid mud mass transport and resulting bathymetry change under wave actions. The wave propagation model is based on time-dependent mild slope equations including the wave energy dissipation due to the wave-mud interaction of bottom mud layers as well as the combined effects of the wave refraction, diffraction and breaking. The constitutive equations of the visco-elastic–plastic model are adopted for the rheological behavior of fluid mud. The mass transport velocity within the fluid mud layer is calculated combining the Stokes’ drift, the mean Eulerian velocity and the gravity-driven mud flow. The results of the numerical model are compared against a series of conducted wave basin experiments, wave flume experiments and field observations. Comparisons between the computed results with both the field and laboratory data reveal the capability of the proposed model to predict the wave transformation and mud mass transport. 相似文献
109.
The responses of a sandy beach to the southwest monsoonal waves are studied based on biweekly observations. The onslaught
of the first spell of monsoonal breakers causes maximum erosion in the sub-aerial section of the beach. However, further spells
of high breakers do not affect this zone significantly. The erosion in the sub-aerial zone is followed by accretion in the
nearshore zone and vice versa. Whereas the sub-aerial zone has a net erosion the total section of the beach including the
nearshore zone shows near equilibrium condition. It is concluded that in spite of erosion or accretion of the sub-aerial zone,
equilibrium conditions may be found in the total section of the beach. 相似文献
110.
African Inland Fisheries: Experiences with Co-Management and Policies of Decentralization 总被引:1,自引:1,他引:0
Roger Lewins Malloum Ousman Baba Emma Belal Steve Donda Abbagana Mamane Lamine 《社会与自然资源》2014,27(4):405-420
Most countries in Africa have promoted some form of decentralized fisheries management either as discrete co-management projects or as a component of broader decentralization processes that cut across other sectors. These initiatives were shaped by an international policy narrative that emphasises participation in decision making and development. A review of fisheries decentralization experiences in Cameroon, Niger, Nigeria, and Malawi reveals marked differences in purpose, strategy, and performance. In general, co-management projects are limited by their ability to scale up new practice and to maintain viable and representative management institutions. In other cases, the decentralization process is not well supported politically or locally or does not articulate with fisheries policy. Experiences of decentralization in other sectors provide useful lessons. Acknowledging the informal institutional environment or realpolitikof fisheries and the rural economy could provide opportunities to better manage and review the process of decentralization. 相似文献