An Improved GWR Approach for Exploring the Anisotropic Influence of Ore-Controlling Factors on Mineralization in 3D Space

Natural Resources Research - Spatial non-stationarity is a common geological phenomenon, and the formation of orebodies is a typical non-stationary process. Therefore, a quantitative study of the...     

The generation kinetics of natural gases in the Kela-2 gas field from the Kuqa Depression, Tarim Basin, northwestern China

The Kela-2 gas field, found in the Kuqa Depression of the Tarim Basin, northwestern China, is a large-sized dry gas field (C1 /C1-5 =0.992 0.999) and characterized by ultra-high pressure (pressure factor up to 2.0 2.2). The pyrolysis experiment was carried out under isothermal gold-tube closed system, with samples collected from the Jurassic coal, Jurassic mudstone and Triassic mudstone in the Kuqa Depression. The result of gas yield showed that the Middle and Lower Jurassic source rocks have higher gas generation potential than the Triassic source rocks. The kinetic modeling of gas generation and methane carbon isotope fractionation suggested that the Kela-2 gases belong to the products of high-over mature stages and were mainly derived from the Middle and Lower Jurassic coal-bearing strata. The Triassic source rocks made a minor contribution to the Kela-2 gases. The Kela-2 gases chiefly generated from coal-bearing source rocks with R o values from 1.3% to 2.5%, and thus primarily accumulated after 5 Ma.     

荧光光谱学在象牙与猛犸象牙鉴定上的应用

利用红外光谱仪及荧光分光光度计对象牙和猛犸象牙样品进行测试,通过对测试结果的比对、分析,总结二者的谱图特点,旨在探索更准确的象牙与猛犸象牙的检测方法.猛犸象牙内部由于受石化作用小,其红外光谱与象牙的没有本质区别,因此红外光谱仪在象牙饰品与猛犸象牙饰品的检测上难以提供准确信息.荧光光谱的测试结果显示,在280 nm波长光的激发下,由于象牙和猛犸象牙中的氨基酸在微环境及其质量分数不同,象牙的发射光谱峰值在307 nm处,猛犸象牙的发射光谱峰值在315 nm处,且象牙的荧光强度高于猛犸象牙.同步荧光光谱测试中△λ分别取15,60 nm,分别测试样品中的酪氨酸、色氨酸,测试结果显示两类牙质测试图谱谱形一致但强度差异明显,即荧光分光光度计在象牙和猛犸象牙的检测上可提供有效的信息.     

管桩的竖向抗压承载力机理及沉降分析

根据管桩的竖向抗压承载力特性和受力状况,通过对预应力敞口管桩与闭口管桩的荷载-沉降试验,结合国内外专家对"土塞效应"的研究,对比分析了敞口管桩与闭口管桩的Q-S曲线形态,研究了两种桩的沉降特性,得出敞口管桩与闭口管桩的不同承载机理及沉降。     

陇西黄土高原东南部地区末次冰期以来C3/C4植物相对丰度变化及其区域性剖面的对比研究

相对黄土高原东部地区而言,处于六盘山以西的陇西黄土高原,其末次冰期以来陆地生态系统中C3/C4植物相对丰度变化的研究,不仅已开展研究工作的剖面数量相对较少,所得到的结果也不如黄土高原东部地区那样一致.本文对陇西黄土高原东南部边缘区的张家川剖面末次冰期以来的黄土/古土壤地层进行总有机质碳同位素的分析测试,得到的结果表明该剖面全新世古土壤的总有机质碳同位素相对末次冰期马兰黄土更为偏正,这一结果与黄土高原东部地区数个剖面的研究结果是一致的,表明该区域末次冰期向全新世转化过程中,C4植物相对丰度有一定程度的上升.进一步将张家川剖面的研究结果与陇西黄土高原其他几个研究剖面进行了对比,发现陇西黄土高原末次冰期以来陆地生态系统中C3/C4植物相对丰度变化情况要比黄土高原东部地区更加复杂,很可能在该区域内部还存在一些地区之间的差异,该区域东部和南部地区全新世相对于末次冰期C4植物相对丰度有一定程度的增加,而该区域西北部地区则很可能末次冰期至全新世都以C3植物占绝对优势.由于大量现代C3植物的研究结果表明,其碳同位素组成的变化主要响应于降水量的变化,因此,来源于C3植物为绝对优势植被的黄土有机质碳同位素很可能是一个潜在的古降水量的指示器,陇西黄土高原黄土/古土壤序列的有机碳同位素研究还值得进一步加强.     

Advances in the Research of Impact of Decadal Solar Cycle on Modern Climate

Role of solar activity on modern climate change, particularly in the decadal scale is an important scientific issue. This paper reviews the recent observation of decadal solar signal in earth’s climate, with focus on the mechanism of solar radiation, ultraviolet radiation and cosmic rays on climate system ,and its validation. The paper points out that the assessment of uncertainty in observations, amplification process of the climate system, as well as possible future impact of solar extreme events are challenges in the present study. Finally, the keys of breakthrough are pointed, to provide a reference for future research.     

河北省县域乡村韧性测度及时空演变

目前中国城乡变化剧烈,乡村地区面临的风险加剧,如何有效提升乡村韧性,成为亟须探索的重要议题.通过构建乡村韧性分析框架,对1996-2016年河北省县域乡村韧性的时空分异格局及演变过程进行测度与分析,研究结果表明:1)县域乡村综合韧性经历了从小幅提升到明显增强的演化过程,且县域间乡村综合韧性差距呈现先上升再下降的趋势;在生态环境和经济发展水平两个主导因素影响下,县域乡村综合韧性总体呈现以"阜平县—平泉市"一线为界,东南高、西北低的分布格局.2)县域乡村综合韧性存在空间正相关性,空间集聚程度呈现先弱后强的变化态势;县域乡村综合韧性正向集聚程度呈现先强后弱的趋势,邻域单元韧性的差距则有所扩大.该研究可在一定程度上丰富乡村韧性与乡村可持续发展理论以及乡村韧性的测度方法,弥补现有研究尺度的不足,并为明确乡村的发展优势和薄弱环节、提升乡村地域系统的韧性潜力、推动乡村治理路径的创新提供参考.     

地下卤水体系中水活度的计算方法评定

在温度 1 2 .1～ 60 .5℃范围内测定了地下卤水体系的饱和蒸汽压 ,并采用Clausius -Clapeyron方程进行关联 ,计算水活度 ;比较强电解质混合体系水活度的理论计算模型 ,探索计算地下卤水体系水活度的最佳方法     

Stratification and mixing of a post-glacial Neoproterozoic ocean: Evidence from carbon and sulfur isotopes in a cap dolostone from northwest China

To improve our knowledge about the geochemical and environmental aftermath of Neoproterozoic global glaciations, we analyzed stable isotopes (δ¹³C, δ¹⁸O, δ³⁴S) and elemental concentrations (Ca, Mg, S, Sr, Fe, and Mn) of the ～ 10-m-thick Zhamoketi cap dolostone atop the Tereeken diamictite in the Quruqtagh area, eastern Chinese Tianshan. Available chemostratigraphic data suggest that the Tereeken diamictite is probably equivalent to the Marinoan glaciation. Our new data indicate that organic and carbonate carbon isotopes of the Zhamoketi cap dolostone show little stratigraphic variations, averaging ? 28.2‰ and ? 4.6‰, respectively. In contrast, sulfur isotopes show significant stratigraphic variations. Carbonate associated sulfate (CAS) abundance decreases rapidly in the basal cap dolostone and δ³⁴S_CAS composition varies between + 9‰ and + 15‰ in the lower 2.5 m. In the overlying interval, CAS abundance remains low while δ³⁴S_CAS rises ～ 5‰ and varies more widely between + 10‰ and + 21‰. The range of δ³⁴S_py of the cap dolostone overlaps with that of δ³⁴S_CAS, but direct comparison shows that δ³⁴S_py is typically greater than δ³⁴S_CAS measured from the same samples. Hypotheses to explain the observations must account for both the remarkable sulfur isotope enrichment of pyrites and the inverse fractionation. We propose that CAS and pyrite were derived from two isotopically distinct reservoirs in a chemically stratified basin or a basin with a sulfate minimum zone. In this model, CAS was derived from shallow, oxic surface waters with moderate sulfate concentration and depleted in ³⁴S due to the post-glacial influx of sulfur from continental weathering. In contrast, pyrite was derived from anoxic bottom waters (or a sulfate minimum zone) with low sulfate concentration and ³⁴S enrichment due to long-term syn-glacial sulfate reduction. The rapid shift in CAS abundance and sulfur isotope composition within the cap dolostone is interpreted to reflect the mixing of the two reservoirs after initial deglaciation. Comparison with other post-Marinoan cap carbonates shows significant spatial heterogeneity in δ³⁴S_CAS, which together with strong temporal variation in δ³⁴S_CAS, points to generally low sulfate concentrations in post-Marinoan oceans.