The law of dislocation between two sides of active faults in China and their geodynamic force

By contrasting and analyzing the characteristics of gravity field nearby some important active faults in the continent of China, it can be found that the crust blocks where Bouguer anomalies are regionally positive (or relatively positive) are moving towards the terrestrial poles and the blocks where Bouguer anomalies in a tremendous area are negative (or relatively negative) are moving towards the equator. By analysis of mechanics and mathematics calculation and based on lots of practical data, the authors hold that the change in density of a crust block is a decisive factor that causes the horizontal movement of the continental crust, while magma activity is an important factor that leads to the change in density of a crust block.     

Global modelling study (GSM TIP) of the ionospheric effects of excited N2, convection and heat fluxes by comparison with EISCAT and satellite data for 31 July 1990

Near-earth plasma parameters were calculated using a global numerical self-consistent and time-dependent model of the thermosphere, ionosphere and protonosphere (GSM TIP). The model results are compared with experimental data of different origin, mainly EISCAT measurements and simultaneous satellite data (N_e and ion composition). Model runs with varying inputs of auroral FAC distributions, temperature of vibrationally excited nitrogen and photoelectron energy escape fluxes are used to make adjustments to the observations. The satellite data are obtained onboard Active and its subsatellite Magion –2 when they passed nearby the EISCAT station around 0325 and 1540 UT on 31 July 1990 at a height of about 2000 and 2200 km, respectively. A strong geomagnetic disturbance was observed two days before the period under study. Numerical calculations were performed with consideration of vibrationally excited nitrogen molecules for high solar-activity conditions. The results show good agreement between the incoherent-scatter radar measurements (N_e, T_e, T_i) and model calculations, taking into account the excited molecular nitrogen reaction rates. The comparison of model results of the thermospheric neutral wind shows finally a good agreement with the HWM93 empirical wind model.     

ASPI experiment: measurements of fields and waves on board the INTERBALL-1 spacecraft

The plasma-wave experiment ASPI (analysis of spectra of plasma waves and instabilities) on board the INTERBALL spacecraft is a combined wave diagnostics experiment. It performs measurements of the DC and AC magnetic field vector by flux-gate and searchcoil sensors, the DC and AC electric field vector by Langmuir double probes and the plasma current by Langmuir split probe. Preliminary data analysis shows the low noise levels of the sensors and the compatibility of new data with the results of previous missions. During several months of in-orbit operation a rich collection of data was acquired, examples of which at the magnetopause and plasma sheet are presented in second part of the paper.     

下辽河坳陷现代应力场特征

本文通过辽河油田的钻孔崩落资料及小地震震源机制解，推断出辽河坳陷地区现代构造应力场的特征。两种方法得到的结果基本一致，即区域应务场和局部应力场的结果一致，该地区处于走滑断层型应力状态。     

我国最大古岩溶型铀矿床成因的同位素地球化学研究

据对某大型古岩溶型铀矿床中铀－铅同位素体系及硫、碳、氧、氢同位素组成的研究结果，表明该矿床成矿物质源自矿区众多地层，成矿流体的变质水和古岩溶水（古大气降水）的混合水；成矿经历了古岩溶铀淋积富集，燕山早、晚期构造运动促使两次含铀热水溶液改造、叠加成矿（１３５～１１９。６５Ｍａ），成矿作用与古岩溶和区域地质构造演化密切相关，属古岩溶型热造铀矿床。     

新矿物长城矿—铱的硫铋化物

长城矿产在铬铁矿体及临近矿体的铂砂矿中。呈块状聚集体或细脉状,分布在硫铱矿的边缘并交代它。不透明,金属光泽,钢灰色,条痕黑色。莫氏硬度H_M=3.7,显微硬度VHN_(20)=165kg/mm~2。均质性,无解理。计算密度D_(calc.)=11.96g/cm~3。7个电子探针分析的平均化学成分(％):S 7.2,Cu 0.3,Te 0.4,Ir 41.2,Pt 2.8,Bi 47.2,总量99.1。简化的化学式为IrBiS。5条最强X射线粉晶衍射线(hkl,d,I)为:210,2.75(70);211,2.51(60);311,1.860(100);440,1.090(50);600,1.027(50)。X射线粉晶衍射图谱与马营矿相似。进行对比后,长城矿可以指标化为等轴晶系、空间群P2_13。由X射线粉晶衍射线求得α=0.6164(4)nm,V=0.2342nm~3,Z=4。     

Yixunite and Damiaoite—A Twin of New Native Alloys of Indium and Platinum from the Yanshan Mountains

Yixunite and damiaoite Were found in a cobalt- and copper-bearing platinum ore vein of a contact metasomatic deposit. The chief ore minerals are bornite, chalcopyrite, magnetite and carrollite. The platinum minerals include moncheite, sperrylite, daomanite, cobalt malanite and cooperite. Yixunite and damiaoite occur as immiscible globules, 1.0 to 2.0 mm in diameter. Yixunite is always in the central part of a globule. It is opaque with metallic lustre, bright white colour and black streak. HM = 5.8; VHN50 = 634 kg/mm2 (573-681 kg/ mm2); insoluble in HCl, HNO3, HF or H3PO4; no cleavage; no magnetism. Density is hard to measure because of small grain size. Calculated density = 18.21 g/cm3. Reflective colour is bright white with a yellowish tint. Isotropic. The mean analytical results (ranges) (%) are: Pt 82.8 (81.8-83.6), In 16.4(15.6-17.1) and total 99.2. The empirical formula (based on 4 atoms) is Pt2.993 In1.007 . The five strongest lines of X-ray diffraction (hkl, d,I) are 111, 2.30 (100); 200, 1.99 (     

Changchengite—A New Iridium Bismuthide-Sulphide from the Yanshan Mountains

Changchengite occurs in chromite orebodies in dunite and in platinum placer deposits in chromite orebodies nearby. The mineral occurs as massive aggregates or veinlets on margins of iridisite (IrS2) and replaces it. Opaque. Lustre metallic. Colour steel-black. Streak black. Hm = 3.7. VHN20= 165 kg/ mm2. Isotropic. Cleavage none. Density 11.96 g/ cm3. Seven electron microprobe analyses give the following mean chemical results (wt. %): S 7.2, Cu 0.3, Te 0.4, Ir 41.2, Pt 2.8 and Bi 47.3 with total 99.1. The simplified formula is IrBiS. The strongest X-ray powder diffraction lines (hkl, d, I) are 210, 2.75 (70); 211, 2.51 (60); 311, 1.860 (100); 440. 1.090 (50) and 600, 1.027 (50). The X-ray powder diffraction pattern is similar to that of mayingite. After the diffraction data are indexed the mineral is determined to be cubic. The space group is P213 with a = 0.6164(4) nm, V = 0.2342 nm3 and Z = 4.     

氡射气测量在西安地裂缝勘察中的应用研究

为了避免大量开挖揭露工作量, 加快地裂缝的勘察速度, 研究出一种简便易行的探测方法是目前西安地裂缝勘察中迫切需要解决的问题。本文研究了氡射气测量在西安地裂缝勘察应用的地质基础, 结合近十几年工程勘察实践, 讨论了氡射气异常的特征, 分析了氡射气的探测效果, 结果认为:氡射气测量在西安地裂缝探测中的有效率为:８０％左右。     

三维电阻率成像技术的研究

电成像、电测深、电剖面法是目前3种最基本的电阻率探测技术.三维探测的观测系统主要有地表和钻井-地表这两种不同类型的测量.前者的电极阵列成矩形网格状,多采用单极-单极观测装置以增大探测深度,技术难点在于远电极的设置往往会带来难以消除的地电噪音,限制了单点电位测量的精度和应用范围;后者在油田生产的中后期的分层注水以及核废物注浆处理过程中,需要确定流体或者浆片的运移与分布,取深钻井的钢套管作为一个供电电极,形成垂直线电流源,再以钻井为中心对地表的环状网格进行二极或三极测量.可以取得视电阻率和自电位两种测量,得到三维电阻率和异常电荷概率分布的图像.