污染分布下的Lp估计抗差测度

观测数据中含有粗差或异常值扰动的误差分布可视为污染分布。根据M估计理论,导出了Lp估计的影响函数,分析了Lp估计的抗差能力,并用效率来测度估计的优劣、综合抗差能力和效率,指出观测数据中含有粗差的扰动,应用p为[1．2．1．5]的Lp估计来进行处理。     

海南岛三叠纪中基性岩的年代学、地球化学及其地质意义

辉长岩大多为地幔岩石部分熔融的产物,辉绿岩脉及碱性正长岩的形成通常与伸展构造有关,本文对海南岛万宁辉长岩及辉绿岩脉和分界洲正长岩进行了系统的年代学和岩石地球化学研究,并以此来讨论其构造意义。LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb定年结果表明,万宁辉长岩及辉绿岩脉形成约在240 Ma,分界洲正长岩形成约在231 Ma,主量元素特征表明万宁辉长岩和辉绿岩分别属碱性系列和亚碱性系列,分界洲正长岩属于典型的碱性岩浆岩。万宁辉长岩及辉绿岩脉的稀土元素具有轻稀土富集的特点(LREE/HREE=7.22～8.50和8.11～11.10),微量元素具有岛弧型火山岩的特征,富集大离子亲石元素K、Rb、Ba、Th,贫高场强元素Nb、Ta和Zr、Hf;分界洲正长岩的微量元素特征显示出与A型花岗岩类似的特征。海南岛三叠纪中基性岩如分界洲正长岩和万宁辉长岩及辉绿岩脉形成的构造背景为陆内伸展环境,指示海南岛在240～230 Ma处于印支造山运动的应力松弛阶段。     

混凝土材料基本力学性质的声弹性试验结果及分析

本文进行了不同级配的混凝土圆柱体试样的声弹性试验和单轴压缩试验。通过试验得出不同级配混凝土试样的纵波波速与其单轴抗压强度的关系。试验结果表明,混凝土弹性波幅的衰减与材料的密度和尺寸有关。     

卤水中铷铯的分离与提取

在查阅大量国内外文献的基础上,对采用沉淀法、离子交换法和溶剂萃取法从卤水中分离提取铷、铯进行了较为系统的评述。     

Tree-Ring δD as an Indicator of Asian Monsoon Intensity

Oxygen and hydrogen isotopic compositions of meteoric water are known to correlate with surface air temperature, except in tropical areas. This relationship has been described using a number of terms corresponding to specific observations, such as latitude, altitude and seasonal effects. However, these temperature effects do not seem to apply to precipitation in monsoonal areas of Asia. Questions have been raised as to whether the isotopic composition of meteoric water can be used to reconstruct paleomonsoon intensity. Tree rings of two modern spruce trees (Picea meyeri) and a 10,000-yr-old timber (Picea jezoensis) were analyzed for hydrogen isotopic composition. On average, the older tree is depleted in deuterium by 45‰ compared to the modern trees. We attribute this isotopic depletion to the strength of summer monsoons, which were more intense in the early Holocene than at present. Although this study is not definitive, it suggests that paleomonsoon intensity can be reconstructed by direct or proxy methods that yield the oxygen or hydrogen isotopic composition of meteoric water.     

A remote sensing model for monitoring soil evaporation based on differential thermal inertia and its validation

To develop geosciences quantification and multi-dimensional researches will be an inevitable trend in the 21st century. The interaction between the land surface and the atmosphere not only serves as an important component in geosciences quantification, bu…     

松辽盆地青山口组一段油页岩成矿条件及有利目标区分析

基于钻井、测井、地震及分析化验资料,开展了松辽盆地青山口组一段油页岩成矿条件及有利目标区分析。研究发现,松辽盆地青山口组一段油页岩最大厚度达15m;埋深几十米～2 000m,盆地东南部农安-登娄库一带埋深在500米以浅。将青山口组划分出3个三级沉积层序,青一段油页岩形成于SQ1层序下降半旋回,为深湖相沉积物,油页岩分布受该时期深湖相沉积范围的控制。根据研究区整体地质勘查程度,选取油页岩埋深和油页岩厚度为主要评价指标,并以含油率作为参考指标,建立了青一段油页岩有利目标区优选方案,确定了A类选区为农安-增盛-长春岭-朝阳沟勘查区和白城东北部勘查区,B类选区为登娄库背斜带南部地区,C类选区为农安-增盛-长春岭-朝阳沟勘查区外围。     

极地冰盖物质平衡的最新进展与未来挑战

准确地探明冰盖物质平衡状况,对于研究全球变暖背景下海平面变化具有重要的意义,自IPCC AR4(政府间气候变化专门委员会第四次报告)以来,极地冰盖物质平衡的研究取得了很大进展。本文总结并对比了用卫星测高(雷达测高和激光测高)、物质收支测量和重力测量等方法得到的冰盖物质平衡评估结果,综述了冰盖数值模拟研究在预测冰盖未来的变化趋势以及由此对海平面造成的影响等方面取得的进展,并立足于中国当前的极地冰盖物质平衡研究现状,提出了该研究所面临的挑战。     

西秦岭中志留统含铀岩系中硅质岩的岩石学、地球化学及其成因

根据产状和成因,本文将西秦岭中志留统含铀岩系中的硅质岩分为,(1) 成岩过程中硅化交代碳酸盐岩所形成的硅质岩,产于碳酸盐岩和泥质岩类所组成的透镜层的顶部或碳酸盐岩层内;(2) 早期成岩阶段形成的纹层状硅质岩,主要产于碳酸盐岩和泥质岩透镜层底部或呈薄层夹于粉砂岩、泥质岩层中。根据沉积环境分析及硅质岩的化学成分、REE分布模式和氧同位素组成,提出本区硅质岩形成于受大气淡水影响的局限浅海环境。     

Biostratigraphic and detrital zircon age constraints on the basement of the Himalayan Foreland Basin: Implications for a Proterozoic link to the Lesser Himalaya and cratonic India

The Himalayan Foreland Basin in the Ganga Valley is key to assessing the pre‐collision relationship between cratonic India and the Himalaya – the world's largest mountain chain. The subsurface Ganga Supergroup, representing the sedimentary basement of the Ganga Valley, has been interpreted as a northern extension of the Proterozoic Vindhyan Supergroup in cratonic India. This interpretation is contentious because the depositional age of the Ganga Supergroup is not resolved: whereas the lower Ganga Supergroup is widely regarded as Proterozoic, the upper Ganga Supergroup has been variously inferred to include Neoproterozoic, lower Palaeozoic, or Cretaceous strata. Here, we integrate biostratigraphic and detrital zircon data from drill cores to show that the entire Ganga Supergroup is likely Proterozoic and can be correlated with Proterozoic successions on the northern Indian craton and in the Lesser Himalaya. This helps redefine the first‐order stratigraphic architecture and indicates broad depositional continuity along the northern Indian margin during the Proterozoic.