Developing a 2D vertical flow and sediment transport model for open channels using the Youngs-VOF method

A 2D vertical(2DV) numerical model,without σ-coordinate transformation in the vertical direction,is developed for the simulation of flow and sediment transport in open channels.In the model,time-averaged Reynolds equations are closed by the k-ε nonlinear turbulence model.The modified YoungsVOF method is introduced to capture free surface dynamics,and the free surface slope is simulated using the ELVIRA method.Based on the power-law scheme,the k-ε model and the suspended-load transport model are solved numerically with an implicit scheme applied in the vertical plane and an explicit scheme applied in the horizontal plane.Bedload transport is modeled using the Euler-WENO scheme,and the grid-closing skill is adopted to deal with the moving channel bed boundary.Verification of the model using laboratory data shows that the model is able to adequately simulate flow and sediment transport in open channels,and is a good starting point for the study of sediment transport dynamics in strong nonlinear flow scenarios.     

Application of nonlinear optimization technique to back analyses of deep excavation

This study presents a nonlinear optimization technique (NOT) for conducting the back analyses of geotechnical engineering problems based on the field observations. Additional auxiliary techniques are incorporated to enhance the convergence and stability of the NOT. The developed NOT and additional auxiliary techniques are incorporated into a finite element code and then applied to the back analysis of excavation-induced wall deflection. A number of hypothetical excavation cases with various scenarios of stratigraphy and two quality excavation case histories are used to validate the developed NOT, in which the dominant soil parameters are treated as target parameters. Results show that the wall deflections of all hypothetical and actual excavation cases at each stage can be accurately and efficiently back-figured. The developed NOT has a potential to be an useful tool for preventing the building damage through accurately and efficiently predicting the excavation-induced deformations at subsequent stages.     

Characterization of Microscopic Pore Structures in Shale Gas Reservoirs of the Southeast Chongqing

<正>Unlike traditional resources,mud shale has the characteristics of low porosity,low permeability,small pore structure,nanoscale pore as the main body.The microscopic pore structures of mud shale can not only influence the occurrence state of shale gas and gas content,but also influence the hydrocarbon expulsion efficiency of source rocks,which makes the study of shale gas reservoir     

Assessment of Geothermal Resources in Petroliferous Basins in China

Mathematical Geosciences - In order to speed up the development and utilization of hydrothermal energy, it is essential to assess the potential of geothermal resources in petroliferous basins. In...     

新疆巴楚和塔什库尔干地震台下方地壳结构研究

Using the teleseismic waveform data recorded by the seismic station Bachu( hereafter referred to as station BCH) i n the Tarim Basin and the seismic station Taxkorgan(h ereafter referred to as station TAG) i n the west Kunlun Mountains for years,we applied the receiver function H-κ stacking method to study the crustal structure beneath stations BCH and TAG. The results showed that there are obvious differences in the crustal thickness beneath stations BCH and TAG,and the regional crustal thickness and terrain have a very good corresponding relationship. There are high crustal average V P/ V S values beneath the two stations. The crustal thickness is 44 km,and the crustal average wave velocity ratio is 1. 849 beneath station BCH. There is a sharp discontinuity in the middle of the crust beneath station BCH at a depth of 21 km. There is a low average P wave velocity and low V P/ V S from the surface to the discontinuity beneath station BCH.The depth of the discontinuity is consistent with the lower interface of the focal depth from accurate location in the Jiashi earthquake source area adjacent to station BCH; and may be the crustal brittle-ductile conversion boundary. The crustal thickness is 69 km,and the crustal average wave velocity ratio is 1. 847 beneath station TAG,a thicker crust and high V P/ V S may indicate that materials in the lower crustal are prone to plastic flow,which is responsible for the thickening of the crust.     

基于L1范数凸二次规划方法的航空重力测量数据稀疏重构（英文）

由于受到国界、测量成本和数据规模等因素的限制,航空重力测量本质上是一种欠奈奎斯特采样方法,本文通过离散傅里叶变换分析了航空重力测量的稀疏性,提出了利用压缩感知理论实现大规模重力异常数据高精度重构的思路。基于压缩感知理论,重力异常数据重构问题可以转化为基于L1范数的凸二次规划问题,本文结合预处理共轭梯度算法,提出了一种改进的内点法来解决此问题。进一步地,我们利用自主研发的SGA-WZ型捷联式航空重力仪在中国某地区进行了航空重力测量试验。通过对试验中测得的重力异常数据进行重构,与常用的线性插值重构方法对比,结果表明:本文提出的基于压缩感知理论的新方法能够以更高的重构精度,更有效地解决大规模重力异常数据的重构问题。     

基于支持向量机的GNSS时间序列预测

在深度学习的理论框架下,针对预测全球卫星导航系统(GNSS)时间序列,传统的经验风险最小化预测模型误差大精度低,泛化性能差且对历史数据的经验依赖大的问题.提出一种采用结构风险最小化原则的基于支持向量机(SVM)的时间序列预测模型.通过和多层的BP神经网络预测模型预测效果比较,结果证明SVM预测模型拥有更好的时间序列预测效果.     

Improved understanding of petroleum migration history in the Hongche fault zone,northwestern Junggar Basin (northwest China): Constrained by vein-calcite fluid inclusions and trace elements

Calcite veins and cements occur widely in Carboniferous and Permian reservoirs of the Hongche fault zone, northwestern Junggar Basin in northwest China. The calcites were investigated by fluid inclusion and trace-element analyses, providing an improved understanding of the petroleum migration history. It is indicated that the Hongche fault behaved as a migration pathway before the Early Cretaceous, allowing two oil charges to migrate into the hanging-wall, fault-core and footwall reservoirs across the fault. Since the Late Cretaceous, the Hongche fault has been sealed. As a consequence, meteoric water flowed down only into the hanging-wall and fault-core reservoirs. The meteoric-water incursion is likely an important cause for degradation of reservoir oils. In contrast, the footwall reservoirs received gas charge (the third hydrocarbon event) following the Late Cretaceous. This helps explain the distribution of petroleum across the fault. This study provides an example of how a fault may evolve as pathway and seal over time, and how reservoir diagenetic minerals can provide clues to complex petroleum migration histories.     

Characteristics and influencing factors of frontal upwelling in the Yellow Sea in summer

Frontal upwelling is an important phenomenon in summer in the Yellow Sea (YS) and plays an essential role in the distribution of nutrients and biological species. In this paper, a three-dimensional hydrodynamic model is applied to investigate the characteristics and influencing factors of frontal upwelling in the YS. The results show that the strength and distribution of frontal upwelling are largely dependent on the topography and bottom temperature fronts. The frontal upwelling in the YS is stronger and narrower near the eastern coast than near the western coast due to the steeper shelf slope. Moreover, external forcings, such as the meridional wind speed and air temperature in summer and the air temperature in the preceding winter and spring, have certain influences on the strength of frontal upwelling. An increase in air temperature in the previous winter and spring weakens the frontal upwelling in summer; in contrast, an increase in air temperature in summer strengthens the frontal upwelling. When the southerly wind in summer increases, the upwelling intensifies in the western YS and weakens in the eastern YS. The air temperature influences the strength of upwelling by changing the baroclinicity in the frontal region. Furthermore, the meridional wind speed in summer affects frontal upwelling via Ekman pumping.     

超积累植物与找矿

本文介绍了超积累植物的概念和它在地质找矿中的意义,回顾了国外超积累植物的研究历史,并对应用超积累植物进行找矿的发展方向进行了讨论。