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21.
Carbonyl compounds, especially polyunsaturated aldehydes (PUAs), are increasingly reported as teratogenic to grazers and deleterious to phytoplankton. While PUAs have been considered to be mainly produced by diatoms after cell wounding, little is known about whether microalgae other than diatoms, particularly harmful algal bloom (HAB)-forming species, produce carbonyl compounds. In this study, we analyzed the carbonyl compounds from eight common HAB-forming species ( Akashiwo sanguinea , Karenia mikimotoi , Karlodinium venefi cum , Margalefi dinium polykrikoides , Prorocentrum donghaiense , P . minimum , Scrippsiella trochoidea , and Heterosigma akashiwo ) using gas chromatography-mass spectrometry in full scan and selected ion monitoring (SIM) modes. Our results show a ubiquitous presence of carbonyl compounds in both dissolved and particulate forms in all species we examined. In the full scan mode, 133 chromatographic peaks were detected from 51 samples altogether. Both the varieties of carbonyl compounds and their quantities were algal species dependent, although most of the carbonyl compounds could not be fully identifi ed according to the mass spectral database only due to the unavailability of enough standards for all analytes. Aided with nine standards in SIM mode, we further identifi ed and quantifi ed all nine aldehydes (2-methyl-2-pentenal, trans-2-nonenal, cis-6-nonenal, 2,6-dimethyl-5-heptenal, trans-2-hexenal, trans-2- decenal, 2,4-heptadienal, trans-trans-2,4-octadienal, and trans-trans-2,4-decadienal). Four of these nine aldehydes were detected in particulate form, which confi rmed that trans-2-nonenal could be produced by K . mikimotoi , Karl . venefi cum , P . donghaiense , P . minimum , S . trochoidea , and H . akashiwo , 2,4-heptadienal and trans-trans-2,4-decadienal by A . sanguinea , M . polykrikoides , and S . trochoidea , and trans, trans-2,4- octadienal by S . trochoidea , respectively. We proved that some dinofl agellate and raphidophyte species could contribute to the pool of carbonyl compounds including PUAs in a marine ecosystem. Some carbonyl compounds, particularly those in high cell quota and/or dissolved concentration, may be related to fi shkilling or allelopathy which needs further identifi cation and quantifi cation. 相似文献
22.
本文以数字高程(DEM)地貌特征分析为基础,采用磷灰石裂变径迹测试和温度-时间反演模拟研究,分析江西相山铀矿田铀成矿后剥蚀程度的差异性,结合已知矿床的成矿特征,探讨地貌剥蚀程度与矿体保存之间的关系,为区域找矿提供指导.通过DEM合成图像和水系分布特征,表明相山铀矿田是一个遭受中等侵蚀的地貌区,相山主峰南北和东西侧地貌侵蚀差异特征明显.统计分析表明,已经发现的铀矿床、点的分布与次级火山机构关系密切,相山南部的次火山机构剥蚀较深,西部次火山机构剥蚀相对弱,而北部和西北部则处于中等剥蚀程度.磷灰石裂变径迹测试结果表明,相山铀矿田的南部和东部开始剥蚀的时间早于西部,但晚于相山主峰的剥蚀.利用磷灰石的裂变径迹长度和温度参数,进一步开展了温度-时间的反演模拟研究,结果显示相山西部快速隆升发生于40~60 Ma之间,相山南部和东部的快速隆升发生于60~75 Ma之间,相山主峰的快速隆升发生于75~100 Ma之间,表明相山主峰、相山东部及南部较西部经历了较长时间的剥蚀.结合现今区域地质体出露特征及铀矿化蚀变类型的空间展布规律、成矿深度的估算等,推测相山铀矿田东部和南部剥蚀程度较深,早期可能形成的中低温铀矿体被剥蚀殆尽;北部剥蚀程度中等,地表出露了形成深度稍深的碱交代蚀变矿床;而西部剥蚀程度较低,地表发育浅部低温成矿的酸交代蚀变铀矿床.据此推断,相山铀矿田的西部深部具有很好的找矿潜力. 相似文献
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滇池农村固体废物和化肥流失治理试验研究 总被引:5,自引:1,他引:5
怎样合理处置农村固体废物和减少农田化肥流失一直是农村面源污染控制的难题之一。该研究将农村固体废物的处理与减少化肥施用措施有机结合,利用微生物复合发酵剂和农村固体废物生产活性肥料,开展了一系列农业种植试验和数据监测,在此基础上,提出了一套实用性强、效果好的控制农业固体废物和化肥流失污染的对策措施。 相似文献
26.
针对执行水质监测任务过程中固定浮标监测站单点监测存在局限性、船载观测人员取样耗时耗力等问题,本文设计了一种搭载多点、分层自动采水取样装置的智能无人船水质监测系统,可实现目标水域的多点、分层连续水质数据测量及取样。该智能无人船具备基于快速随机树(Rapid Random Tree)算法的自主避障和快速路径规划功能,解决了现有无人船技术存在的多障碍自主路径规划难等问题。同时,本设计结合了ARM9控制芯片、M5310无线传输模块,通过可视化的显示界面和远程WEB访问的功能,大大提升了科研人员及时处理特殊情况便捷性。通过实验测试及比对分析,证明本设计具有智能高效、稳定可靠等优点,能够满足职能部门对于水质监测工作的需要。 相似文献
27.
Based on the daily maximum temperature data covering the period 1961-2005, temporal and spatial characteristics and their changing in mean annual and monthly high temperature days (HTDs) and the mean daily maximum temperature (MDMT) during annual and monthly HTDs in East China were studied. The results show that the mean annual HTDs were 15.1 and the MDMT during annual HTDs was 36.3℃ in the past 45 years. Both the mean annual HTDs and the MDMT during annual HTDs were negative anomaly in the1980s and positive anomaly in the other periods of time, oscillating with a cycle of about 12-15 years. The mean annual HTDs were more in the southern part, but less in the northern part of East China. The MDMT during annual HTDs was higher in Zhejiang, Anhui and Jiangxi provinces in the central and western parts of East China. The high temperature process (HTP) was more in the southwestern part, but less in northeastern part of East China. Both the HTDs and the numbers of HTP were at most in July, and the MDMT during monthly HTDs was also the highest in July. In the first 5 years of the 21st century, the mean annual HTDs and the MDMT during annual HTDs increased at most of the stations, both the mean monthly HTDs and the MDMT during monthly HTDs were positive anomalies from April to October, the number of each type of HTP generally was at most and the MDMT in each type of HTP was also the highest. 相似文献
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海洋生物技术前沿领域研究进展 总被引:3,自引:0,他引:3
根据近期国际海洋生物技术研究发展的有关信息资料,介绍了海洋生物技术研究的现状、前沿领域和最新研究进展,并展望了今后的发展趋势及我国应采取的措施。 相似文献
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