Air pumping for alleviation of heavy smog in Beijing

Beijing often suffers under heavy smog.During such events which occur mostly in autumn and winter,people are desperate for fresh air.The formation of heavy smog is due to foremost human induced air pollution,but geographic and meteorological conditions,especially below a surface inversion,play an important role.We propose to destroy the inversion by pumping air from above the inversion layer to the surface layer to alleviate the severity of the smog.While long-term air quality improvement depends on the reduction of air pollution emission,air pumping may provide relief in the interim for the Beijing citizens.We estimate that an air pumping at a rate 2×10~7m~3s~(–1)can lead to significantly improved air quality in Beijing,due to(1)direct clean air input;(2)increased instability and vertical mixing and(3)a positive radiation-mixing feedback.The pumping requires an energy input of 10 GW,comparable with the energy consumption in Beijing for air conditioning in summer.We propose to use wind energy from Inner Mongolia for the pumping,which has currently an installed wind energy capacity of 70GW.     

卡拉高莱斯油田U油组储层特征及其评价

以取心井的毛管压力曲线等分析资料为基础 ,结合储层物性测井参数解释结果 ,对卡拉高莱斯油田U油组储层从岩性组成、物性特征、孔隙类型及孔隙结构、非均质性等方面进行了综合评价。认为该储层为一套中高孔、中高渗储层 ,其物性主要受沉积微相、粒度中值、泥质含量等因素影响 ,其层内、层间和平面非均质性均较强。     

基于树木年轮信息的千烟洲人工林碳蓄积的动态分析

The authors developed a model to estimate annual tree growth based on tree-ring data (Abbr. TGTRing model) derived from the trunk at 0.5, 1.3 and 2.5 m height. This model was applied to estimate the annual biomass and carbon accumulation of a plantation in Qianyanzhou Red-Soil Hill Comprehensive Development Experimental Station of CAS in Taihe County, Jiangxi Province (Abbr. Qianyanzhou). The results showed that the inflexion points of the biomass and carbon accumulation curves occur at 17 and 18 years of age, respectively, in masson pine, whilst both inflexion points occurred at 15 years in slash pine and Chinese fir. The biomass and carbon accumulation in Chinese fir proved to be greater in the last 20 years than in the other species, with 171.697 t/hm² and 92.29 tc/hm², respectively. masson pine, with a biomass of 133.84 t/hm² and a carbon accumulation of 73.92 tc/hm² was the lowest whilst slash pine was intermediate with a biomass of 147.639 t/hm² (unturpentined) and 135.743 t/hm² (turpentined), and a carbon accumulation of 80.18 tc/hm² (unturpentined) and 73.72 tc/hm² (turpentined). In 2006, the total biomass and carbon storage of the tree stratum of masson pine in Qianyanzhou was 3324.43 t and 14,156.64 tc, respectively, whilst the values for Chinese fir were 1326.97 t and 713.27 tc. For slash pine the total biomass was 14,156.64 t (unturpentined) and 13,015.97 t (turpentined), and the total carbon storage was 7 688.21 tc (unturpentined) and 7068.78 tc (turpentined). Following the shaving of slash pine for resin, the total biomass was reduced by 1140.67 t and the total carbon storage fell by 619.43 tc.     

Effects of Microphysical Latent Heating on the Rapid Intensification of Typhoon Hato (2017)

Journal of Meteorological Research - A 72-h cloud-resolving numerical simulation of Typhoon Hato (2017) is performed by using the Weather Research and Forecasting (WRF) model with the Advanced...     

陕西北部榆林第四纪地层剖面的粒度分析与讨论

本文根据榆林剖面及其粒度分析结果,讨论了剖面中地层的沉积相、古气候和环境演化.     

Regional ecosystem services relationships and their potential driving factors in the Yellow River Basin,China

The Yellow River Basin(YRB) occupies an important position in China’s socioeconomic development and ecological conservation efforts. Understanding the spatiotemporal characteristics of the relationships among multiple ecosystem services(ESs) and their drivers is crucial for regional sustainable development and human-earth system coordination. This study simulated food production(FP), water yield(WY), net primary production(NPP), soil conservation(SC), and habitat quality(HQ) in the YRB from 2000...     

Geodetection analysis of the driving forces and mechanisms of erosion in the hilly-gully region of northern Shaanxi Province

Journal of Geographical Sciences - This paper analyzes the spatial variation in soil erosion in the loess hilly-gully region of northern Shaanxi Province, China. It sums up existing research,...     

我国海水养殖珍珠业存在的问题及对策

在详细分析我国海水珍珠养殖业存在问题的基础上,提出了统一规划海区,定量、低密度和开展外海深水海区珍珠养殖;加速大型珍珠贝全人工养殖与育珠的研究,丰富养殖品种;建立良种场、实行马氏珠母贝种质复壮;加强技术推广,延长育珠期、提高珍珠质量;抓好珍珠深加工、开拓珍珠产业链;建立龙头企业,带动珍珠业向集约型发展等可持续发展对策。     

Textural research on the main source of the Changjiang River

The Chinese people began to research the main source of the Changjiang (Yangtze) River 2,400 years ago. Limited by the scientific level, they did not discover it. The Tuotuo River was determined as the main source of the Changjiang River in the 1970s. However, this was not correct, because when comparing the length of the Tuotuo River with the Dam River, the glacier length at the headwaters was added to the Tuotuo River, resulting in that the Tuotuo River is 1 km longer than the Dam River, keeping in mind that the glacier can not be regarded as part of the river. In the summer of 1986, we investigated the source of the Changjiang River, we accurately measured the length of both the Tuotuo and Dam rivers, we discovered that the Dam River was 353.1 km long, and the Tuotuo River was 346.3 km long, the Dam River thus being 6.8 km longer than the Tuotuo River. The discharge of the Dam River is 196.18 m³/sec., 2.6 times as large as that of the Tuotuo River, that of the Tuotuo River is 75.10 m³/ sec. The drainage area of the Dam River is 1.8 times as larger as that of the Tuotuo River; the drainage area of the Dam River is 30,715.7 km², the Tuotuo River is 16,691.0 km². Through synthetic analysis of the factors mentioned above, we came to the conclusion that the main source of the Changjiang River is the Dam River instead of the Tuotuo River.     

Sustainable land use planning based on ecological health

This paper, taking Beiwenquan Town of Beibei, Chongqing as an example, assessed the impacts of land use on ecological health by comprehensive index method, and discussed methodological system of sustainable land use planning based on ecological health. Results indicated that: 1) From 1992 to 2002, land use changes focused on 12 patterns with the total conversion area of 92.11%, which were related to cultivated land, residential and industrial-mining area, and orchard land. Urbanization and economic reconstruction with the leading driving forces. 2) There was obvious difference of the areas of ecotypes driven by land use change in wide valley and mild slope between 1992 and 2002, while there were little or no difference in steep slope and very steep slope. 3) Both of the conditions of ecological health in 1992 and 2002 were sound, and the ecotypes focused on the types of health and sub-health. But, health ecosystem in 1992, with an area of 764.64ha, accounting for 38.51% of the total evaluation area, was better than that in 2002, with an area of 636.10ha, accounting for 34.19% of the total evaluation area. 4) The ecotypes involved into different ranges have already degenerated, due to humankind’s disturbance, while the conditions of ecological health in the same range in 1992, regardless of stability and reconstruction, were better than that in 2002. 5) The planning scenario based on ecological health was accorded with the practice condition of Beiwenquan Town: 388.29ha of cultivated land could meet the Beiwenquan demand of food and byproduct; 1045.26ha of forest land area, the Beiwenquan demand of ecological health; and 1004.73ha of the residential and industrial-mining area, the Beiwenquan building demand. 6) Sustainable land use planning based on ecological health had higher useful value, because it not only stood to ecological theory, but also satisfied the development demand of society and economy. Foundation item: Under the auspices of the Key Project of Science and Technology of the Ministry of Education (No. 03111) and Incubation Fund Project of Science and Technology Committee of Chongqing (No. 017079) Biography: SHAO Jing-an (1976-), male, a native of Bozhou of Anhui Province, Ph.D., specialized in land use and eco-environmental evolution. E-mail: shaojinganswau@yahoo.com.cn