四川大铜厂表生硫化物铜矿床成因探讨

四川大铜厂铜矿床产于中生代晚白垩世红层砾岩中。铜的次生硫化物占全铜含量的93.40%。铅同位素Pb/204Pb为18.054～18.815,207Pb/204Pb为15.528～15.644,208Pb/204Pb为38.030～38.722,模式年龄出现负组成:206值。δ34S平均值黄铁矿>辉铜矿>斑铜矿,硫酸盐的δ34S值为较大正值,硫化物矿物大多为负值:有较大平衡分馏系数,说明成矿是在开放系统、低温低压、非平衡的表生条件下进行的。矿物流体包裹体细小(多数小于3μm)。成矿金属来源于小坝组红色砂岩层,硫来源于小坝组顶部膏盐层,为一表生硫化物矿床。     

Palaeozoic amalgamation of Central Europe: new results from recent geological and geophysical investigations

Multidisciplinary studies of geotransects across the North European Plain and Southern North Sea, and geological reexamination of the Variscides of the North Bohemian Massif, permit a new 3-D reassessment of the relationships between the principal crustal blocks abutting Baltica along the Trans-European Suture Zone (TESZ). Accretion was in three stages: Cambrian accretion of the Bruno–Silesian, Lysogory and Malopolska terranes; end-Ordovician/early Silurian accretion of Avalonia; and early Carboniferous accretion of the Armorican Terrane Assemblage (ATA). Palaeozoic plume-influenced metabasite geochemistry in the Bohemian Massif explains the progressive rifting away of peri-Gondwanan crustal blocks before their accretion to Baltica. Geophysical data, faunal and provenance information from boreholes, and dated small inliers and cores confirm that Avalonian crust extends beyond the Anglo-Brabant Deformation Belt eastwards to northwest Poland. The location and dip of reflectors along the TESZ and beneath the North European Plain suggest that Avalonian crust overrode the Baltica passive margin, marked by a high-velocity lower crustal layer, on shallowly southwest-dipping thrust planes forming the Heligoland–Pomerania Deformation Belt. The “Variscan orocline” of southwest Poland masks two junctions between the Armorican Terrane Assemblage (ATA) and previously accreted crustal blocks. To the east is a dextrally transpressive contact with the Bruno–Silesian and Malopolska blocks, accreted in the Cambrian, while to the north is a thrust contact with easternmost Avalonia, deeply buried beneath younger sedimentary cover. In the northeast Bohemian and Rhenohercynian Massifs Devonian “early Variscide” deformation dominated by WNW and NW-directed thrusting, records closure of Ordovician–Devonian seaways between detached “islands” of the ATA and Avalonia.     

阿尔金北缘地区韧性剪切带型金矿床构造控矿解析

韧性剪切带型金矿是一种成矿机制与控矿因素都与韧性剪切带及其演化密切相关的金矿床类型。阿尔金北缘地区不同层次剪切带发育,金矿床受韧性剪切带控制明显,在区域上,韧性剪切带控制金矿床(点)的分布;在矿床范围内,韧性剪切带及其演化过程中形成的韧脆性剪切带既是唯一的赋(含)矿构造,也对矿化带、矿体的形态、产状、规模及分布起决定性的控制作用;压扭性韧性剪切变形特点决定了金矿化类型以蚀变糜棱岩型为主,交代蚀变作用发育。含矿构造裂隙以P型为主,少量D型和R型,个别为R~1型和T型;构造变形所引发的动力分异作用及其形成的动力变质热液是金矿成矿流体的主要来源之一,这与地球化学和成矿流体包裹体研究显示的大平沟金矿床成矿物质主要来源于变质岩、成矿流体有相当部分来源于变质水的特征相吻合。结合糜棱岩磁组构研究,发现磁各向异性度P值与金元素含量呈负相关关系,说明构造变形早于金矿化蚀变作用,这种时序关系进一步佐证了韧性剪切带型金矿床的成矿模式。即大面积的韧性变形构造动力分异作用形成的含金热液不是就地原位矿化,而是向上迁移并集中到范围比较窄小的韧-脆性或脆性裂隙中才发生金元素富集,最终形成金矿床。     

Seismic characterization of basalt flows from the Faroes margin and the Faroe-Shetland basin

High‐quality seismic profiles across the Faroes volcanic continental margin and the adjacent continental shelf show contrasting styles of basalt emplacement across two major structural boundaries. At the rifted continental margin, the basalts form prominent seaward dipping reflector sequences up to 5 km thick. The same basalts, after they had travelled in a landward direction across the elevated, subaerial Faroes shelf, produced prominent landward dipping foresets, where they flowed across the paleo‐coastline into the deep water of the Faroe‐Shetland Basin. In both cases we are able to image details of the internal structure of the basalts as a result of using a low‐frequency airgun source capable of penetrating through the basalt sequence, together with long‐offset recordings from ocean bottom seismometers and a 12 km long, deep‐towed, hydrophone streamer.     

A Multiscale Vision Model applied to analyze EIT images of the solar corona

The large dynamic range provided by the SOHO/EIT CCD (1 : 5000) is needed to observe the large EUV zoom of coronal structures from coronal homes up to flares. Histograms show that often a wide dynamic range is present in each image. Extracting hidden structures in the background level requires specific techniques such as the use of the Multiscale Vision Model (MVM, Bijaoui et al., 1998). This method, based on wavelet transformations optimizes detection of various size objects, however complex they may be. Bijaoui et al. built the Multiscale Vision Model to extract small dynamical structures from noise, mainly for studying galaxies. In this paper, we describe requirements for the use of this method with SOHO/EIT images (calibration, size of the image, dynamics of the subimage, etc.). Two different areas were studied revealing hidden structures: (1) classical coronal mass ejection (CME) formation and (2) a complex group of active regions with its evolution. The aim of this paper is to define carefully the constraints for this new method of imaging the solar corona with SOHO/EIT. Physical analysis derived from multi-wavelength observations will later complete these first results. Supplementary material to this paper is available in electronic form at http://dx.doi.org/10.1023/A:1017579625208 with J.P. Delaboudinière P.I.     

八家子多金属矿床岩石和矿石稀土元素特征及成矿物质来源

八家子矿区岩石及矿石的稀土元素特征表明,圣宗庙岩体、八家子岩体为同源岩浆侵入体,草沟英交流纹斑岩与上述两岩体在物质来源上具有相关性;炉沟、瓦房沟、碱厂及宽帮岩体亦来自同一岩浆系统。成矿作用主要与炉沟及瓦房沟岩体有关,但成矿物质除岩浆源外,还部分地来源于混合花岗岩及地层。     

西线调水在地质条件上是可行的——南水北调西线区域超前期工作及认识简介

依据大量实地测试调查资料和专题研究成果而完成的《南水北调西线工程超前期工作区域工程地质及区域稳定性评价报告》,在全面详细分析论证了调水工程部署区区域工程地质及区域稳定性条件以及现拟调水方案地质条件的适宜性之后,又从西线调水的全局出发,明确提出:(1)西线调水在地质条件上是可行的;(2)西线通雅大的多河一线联合调水开发方案好;(3)西线还可调引澜沧江源区河水;(4)西线调水的优越性与艰难性共存;(5)西线调水开发论证工作要继续;(6)西线调水规划工程的综合性地质调查、试验研究及地质构造可行性论证要提前安排的结论和建议。实现了国家计委和地矿部、水利部希望通过本次区域工程地质及区域稳定性评价,能对西线调水的地质构造可能性有个明确结论的期望。     

虎皮峪条痕状花岗质岩石特征及成因探讨

目前,对辽东营口虎皮峪地区早元古宙条痕状花岗质岩石成因有两种认识,一是认为属混合交代成因;二是认为属幔源岩浆型花岗岩。作者通过对虎皮峪条痕状花岗质岩体地质特征,岩石学及岩石地球化学研究,认为虎皮峪条痕状花岗质岩石为重熔型花岗岩。形成于辽河旋回,是辽河群下部火山—沉积岩在热动力作用下发生重熔形成再生岩浆,然后就地固结或沿着地壳薄弱部位上侵形成岩浆型花岗岩,具有S型花岗岩特征     

凡河地区雾迷山期火山岩

辽北凡河地区雾迷山期火山岩可划分为海相火山熔岩与次火山岩,受基底断裂构造控制,遭受与围岩同步的褶皱变形。海相火山熔岩主要为细碧岩、蚀变玄武岩;次火山岩主要为次蚀变辉绿岩、熔岩状次蚀变辉绿岩,两者具有相似的稀土丰度及稀土分馏特征。凡河地区火山岩形成于大陆克拉通内的活动带,即裂陷槽强烈活动阶段的产物。