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201.
202.
203.
SAVITA PATWARDHAN ASHWINI KULKARNI K KRISHNA KUMAR 《Journal of Earth System Science》2012,121(1):203-210
A state-of-the-art regional climate modelling system, known as PRECIS (Providing REgional Climates for Impacts Studies) developed
by the Hadley Centre for Climate Prediction and Research, UK is applied over the Indian domain to investigate the impact of
global warming on the cyclonic disturbances such as depressions and storms. The PRECIS simulations at 50 × 50 km horizontal
resolution are made for two time slices, present (1961–1990) and the future (2071–2100), for two socioeconomic scenarios A2
and B2. The model simulations under the scenarios of increasing greenhouse gas concentrations and sulphate aerosols are analysed
to study the likely changes in the frequency, intensity and the tracks of cyclonic disturbances forming over north Indian
Ocean (Bay of Bengal and Arabian Sea) and the Indian landmass during monsoon season. The model overestimates the frequency
of cyclonic disturbances over the Indian subcontinent in baseline simulations (1961–1990). The change is evaluated towards
the end of present century (2071–2100) with respect to the baseline climate. The present study indicates that the storm tracks
simulated by the model are southwards as compared to the observed tracks during the monsoon season, especially for the two
main monsoon months, viz., July and August. The analysis suggests that the frequency of cyclonic disturbances forming over
north Indian Ocean is likely to reduce by 9% towards the end of the present century in response to the global warming. However,
the intensity of cyclonic disturbances is likely to increase by about 11% compared to the present. 相似文献
204.
The Karakoram Shear Zone is a northwest-southeast trending dextral ductile shear zone, which has affected the granitic and
granodioritic bodies of the southern Asian Plate margin in three distinct episodes. The ductile shearing of the granitic bodies
at Tangste and Darbuk has resulted in the development of mylonites with mylonitic foliation and stretching lineation. More
intense deformation is noted in the Tangste granite grading up to orthomylonite, as compared to the Darbuk granite. Kinematic
indicators include S-C foliation, synthetic C′ and C″ antithetic shear bands, Type A s-mantled porphyroclasts, oblique quartz
foliation, micro-shears with bookshelf gliding, mineral fishes including Group 2 mica fishes, and Type 1 and 2a pull-apart
microstructures, and exhibit strong dextral sense of ductile shearing towards southeast. The textural features of the minerals,
especially that of quartz and feldspar, indicate temperature of mylonitisation ranging between 300 and 500°C in the upper
greenschist facies, and appear to have been evolved during exhumation as a consequence of oblique strike-slip movements along
the Karakoram shear zone. 相似文献
205.
A. K. Choudhary A. K. Jain Sandeep Singh Rm. Manickavasagam K. Chandra 《Journal of the Geological Society of India》2011,77(3):227-238
This work provides unequivocal evidence of the existence of Mesoarchean granulite facies metamorphic event in the Palghat-Cauvery
Shear Zone (PCSZ) of South India. Charnockite samples from two prominent hills at Kollaimalai (KM) and Pachchaimalai (PM)
as well as from two quarries within the Bhavani Shear Zone (BSZ) have been analyzed for their Sm-Nd and Rb-Sr ages to investigate
the existence or otherwise of the Archean granulite facies events within the PCSZ. The Rb-Sr whole-rock isochron ages for
massive charnockites from both the hills appear to be contemporaneous at 2.9 Ga with the initial Sr isotopic ratios of 0.7012
and 0.7014, respectively. However, the Rb-Sr data for whole-rock samples of basic granulites from one of the quarries within
the BSZ indicate open system behavior, while the charnockites from the other quarry have insufficient spread in 87Rb/86Sr ratios and do not yield any isochron. The Sm-Nd data, on the other hand, do not distinguish between the massive charnockite
and the lowland charnockite and yield Depleted Mantle model ages in the range 2.98±0.3 Ga for all of them. The ɛT
CHUR for all of these rocks are highly positive. Both the Sr isotopic ratios and positive ɛT
CHUR values for these rocks strongly suggest a mantle source for all of them. An upper age limit of ∼3.28 Ga may be assigned to
the crustal accretion of the protolith of all these rocks on the basis of their Nd model ages. The Rb-Sr isochron ages of
2.9 Ga for the two massifs could be the age of granulite facies metamorphism. Thus, the metamorphism in the KM and PM Hills
took place within ∼100 Ma of crustal accretion of these rocks and probably was part of the same geological event of crust
formation and metamorphism. The open system behavior with respect to Rb-Sr isotopes in the basic granulite from Bhavani is
possibly due to the migration of Sr isotopes, triggered during the later shearing of these rocks. 相似文献
206.
Sandeep Singh 《地学前缘(英文版)》2019,10(3):793-809
The Higher Himalayan Crystallines(HHC), in western Garhwal, Uttarakhand are located in a regionalscale intracontinental ductile shear zone(15-20 km wide) bounded by the Main Central Thrust at the base, and the South Tibetan Detachment System at the top. The migmatite zone in the centre has the highest grade of metamorphism in the NW Himalayas and show evidence of flowage. Zircons extracted from samples of metasediment, migmatite, biotite granite and in situ partial melt(tourmaline-bearing leucogranite) along the Bhagirathi Valley, preserve U-Pb isotopic evidence of magmatic history, magma source and effects of the Himalayan orogeny in the region. Three distinct periods of zircon growth in the leucogranite record the episodic influx of magma between 46 Ma and 20 Ma indicating a time span of more than 25 Ma between the onset of fluid-fluxed partial melting in the mid-crustal intracontinental shear zone and the emplacement of the magma into the upper crust in a post-collisional extensional setting. Metamorphic zircon growth was initiated about 46 Ma, when the partial melts were generated as the migmatite zone was exhumed. 相似文献
207.
This paper reviews research on coprolites from India, providing the first evidence of microcoprolites from the early Miocene (Aquitanian) Khari Nadi Formation sedimentary succession, exposed about 1.5 km northeast of the village of Kotada, Kachchh (Kutch) District, Gujarat State, western India. Morphometric and size comparisons (in a statistical framework) with known coprolites from the Mesozoic-Cenozoic successions of India (including those recorded herein) and globally suggest that fishes were the likely producers of the Kotada coprolites. Scanning electron microscopy confirms the presence of fish dental remains within the coprolites, while both Scanning Electron Microscopy (SEM) and Energy Dispersive X-ray Spectroscopy (EDS) reveal the phosphatic nature of the microscopic coprolite specimens (recorded herein) hinting that the producer(s) were predominantly carnivorous (ichthyophagous) in their diet. Furthermore, X-Ray Fluorescence (XRF) analysis of the host and associated lithologies allows us to deduce that the Kotada coprolites were deposited in a shallow marine environment, with possible aerial exposure of the host lithology occurring at some point after deposition. To the best of our knowledge, the present report is the first record of microscopic fish coprolites from India, as well as being the first from the Aquitanian of India and the oldest Neogene record from India. 相似文献