应用单历元模糊度算法解决实时GPS水汽探测技术中模糊度问题

首先简要介绍实时水汽探测技术的原理,然后采用详细的推算过程将求水汽量转化为求宽巷模糊度的问题,并利用双频P码求出宽巷模糊度。运用实例模拟分析双频P码求宽巷模糊度的精度,解释宽巷模糊度的精度随卫星高度角变化的原因。     

虚拟参考站技术中对流层误差建模方法研究

大气折射误差和轨道误差是制约长距离RTK精度的主要因素。虚拟参考站技术利用多个基准站的观测数据来建立大气延迟误差和轨道误差模型,以削弱这些误差的影响。在分析测站高程对对流层延迟建模精度影响的基础上,提出7种含高程影响因子的对流层误差建模模型,并通过两个实例,分析比较这几种对流层建模模型的精度和适用条件。最后,分析和讨论建议模型用于实时动态定位的精度,得出一些有益的结论。     

论地理国情监测的技术支撑

地理国情监测是新时期空间信息科学的重要使命。对地理国情监测的必要性和内容进行了讨论,逐一剖析了空天地一体化遥感技术、全球卫星导航定位技术、网格GIS技术、地理信息网络服务、多维时空数据挖掘技术、空间信息云计算技术等在地理国情监测中的地位和作用、面临的问题和发展建议,以期为全面实现地理国情的定期监测、日常监测和应急监测奠定技术基础。     

深基坑测斜技术探讨

介绍了测斜仪的工作原理和应用,通过该技术在合肥市某特大基坑中的实际运用,总结了测斜技术在深基坑监测中出现的若干关键问题,并分别从测斜管的布设、测斜管的埋设、精度分析、数据处理等方面进行探讨。     

皖南国际旅游文化示范区文化旅游资源整合开发模式

文化旅游是当今世界旅游发展的主流,旅游与文化的关联度渗透性日益增强,如何提升旅游产品的文化内涵,是世界各地旅游业长远发展的关键问题。皖南国际旅游文化示范区包括黄山、池州、宣城、芜湖、马鞍山、铜陵六市及安庆市的潜山县,辖34个县市区,总面积38220km²,总人口1069.6万,是安徽省最具开发潜力的旅游板块,文化旅游资源的品位和富集度都很高,但是在开发过程中存在着开发层次较低、产业链条脆弱、整体旅游形象不明、缺乏王牌产品、整合开发乏力等诸多问题。通过分析示范区文化旅游资源的开发现状及问题,提出了对文化旅游资源开发进行整合的模式,即以空间为依托的地域组合模式、以市场为依托的产品整合模式、以营销为依托的形象整合模式、以产业为依托的文化与旅游互动发展模式等。     

Monsoon Change in East Asia in the 21st Century: Results of RegCM3

The authors investigate monsoon change in East Asia in the 21st century under the Special Report on Emissions Scenarios (SRES) A1B scenario using the results of a regional climate model, RegCM3, with a high horizontal resolution. First, the authors evaluate the model’s performance compared with NCEP-NCAR reanalysis data, showing that the model can reliably reproduce the basic climatology of both winter and summer monsoons over East Asia. Next, it is found that the winter monsoon in East Asia would slightly weaken in the 21st century with spatial differences. Over northern East China, anomalous southerly winds would dominate in the mid-and late-21st century because the zonal land-sea thermal contrast is expected to become smaller, due to a stronger warming trend over land than over ocean. However, the intensity of the summer monsoon in East Asia shows a statistically significant upward trend over this century because the zonal land-sea thermal contrast between East Asia and the western North Pacific would become larger, which, in turn, would lead to larger sea level pressure gradients throughout East Asia and extending to the adjacent ocean.     

用三种干旱指数对比分析春季干旱等级

用铜川、耀州区和宜君县气象站2007年4—6月和2008年5月土壤墒情和降水量观测资料,对比分析降水量距平百分率、相对湿润度和土壤相对湿度指数在确定春季干旱等级时的差异,发现3种干旱指数在确定季度时间尺度干旱等级时,结论基本一致,但月时间尺度干旱等级的确定,降水量距平百分率和相对湿润度结论相差不大,土壤相对湿度指数滞后比较明显。降水量距平百分率和相对湿润度干旱指数比较适合确定气候干旱,土壤相对湿度指数适合确定农业干旱。     

A Study on Water Vapor Transport and Budget of Heavy Rain in Northeast China

The characteristics of moisture transport and budget of widespread heavy rain and local heavy rain events in Northeast China are studied using the NCEP--NCAR reanalysis 6-hourly and daily data and daily precipitation data of 200 stations in Northeast China from 1961--2005. The results demonstrate that during periods with widespread heavy rain in Northeast China, the Asian monsoon is very active and the monsoonal northward moisture transport is strengthened significantly. The widespread heavy rainfall obtains enhanced water vapor supply from large regions where the water vapor mainly originates from the Asian monsoon areas, which include the East Asian subtropical monsoon area, the South China Sea, and the southeast and southwest tropical monsoon regions. There are several branches of monsoonal moisture current converging on East China and its coastal areas, where they are strengthened and then continue northward into Northeast China. Thus, the enhanced northward monsoonal moisture transport is the key to the widespread heavy rain in Northeast China. In contrast, local heavy rainfall in Northeast China derives water vapor from limited areas, transported by the westerlies. Local evaporation also plays an important role in the water vapor supply and local recycling process of moisture. In short, the widespread heavy rains of Northeast China are mainly caused by water vapor advection brought by the Asian monsoon, whereas local heavy rainfall is mainly caused by the convergence of the westerly wind field.     

空间碎片观测中拖长星像的测光

提出空间碎片观测中对拖长背景恒星的测光算法,介绍了该方法的基本原理.利用迭代法对目标图像进行局部阈值分割提取,得到的二值图像通常包含多个连通域.最后对各连通域块检测判断,计算出目标的星等,达到测光的目的.通过与天文图像和数据处理软件IRAF的测光结果对比,此算法的误差在0.02mag左右,可以达到测光的要求.     

应变参数的抗差解及误差影响

应用弹性力学的应变分析理论和抗差估计原理,推导了应变参数的抗差解及其误差影响函数.实际算例表明,应变参数的抗差解可以有效地抵制粗差的异常影响,得到应变参数的可靠解,这对于利用高精度GPS复测资料研究大尺度的地壳运动和变形具有实际意义.