新疆西天山阿吾拉勒山那拉提地区石英二长岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄及其构造意义

位于伊犁微板块北缘阿吾拉勒山那拉提地区的石英二长岩侵位于上石炭统伊什基里克组,LA-ICPMS锆石U-Pb加权平均年龄为307.0±2.5 Ma,时代归属于晚石炭世,代表了岩浆的侵位年龄。岩石地球化学数据显示岩石中Si O_2、Al_2O_3、碱含量较高,里特曼指数σ为3.09~3.94,A/CNK=0.75~0.91,属准铝质钙碱性—碱性花岗岩系列;稀土元素总量(ΣREE)较高,稀土配分模式呈轻稀土富集的右倾型[(La/Yb)_N=2.86~6.14],轻稀土分异程度大于重稀土,Eu具有较为明显的负异常(δEu=0.46~1.02,平均为0.69);强烈富集大离子亲石元素(LILE)Rb、Th、K,亏损高场强元素(HFSE)Nb、Ta、Ti、P;综合表明那拉提石英二长岩具有A_2型花岗岩的特征。高的Th含量(8.68×10~(-6)~14.62×10~(-6))及低的Nb/Ta值(12.23~29.90,均值为18.13)指示岩浆源区主要为地壳,但受到了地幔混染作用的影响。在Nb—Y—Ce、Y/Nb—Ce/Nb及Rb—(Nb+Y)等构造判别图解中样品大多数落入造山后或晚造山花岗岩区,故笔者等认为该岩体应为造山向造山后或晚造山转换时期的产物,属造山后或晚造山岩浆作用。结合区域地质背景,本文认为伊犁微板块在307.0±2.5 Ma前已与准噶尔微板块碰合,北天山洋盆闭合时限早于晚石炭世。这些新资料为西天山区域大地构造演化研究提供了新的约束。     

中国主要城市间的创新联系研究

对国内外城市创新联系综述及理论分析的基础上,通过一组测度指标,界定了城市外向创新联系规模,采用引力模型,测度了中国主要城市间的创新联系强度及格局。研究表明:中国主要城市创新联系格局基本为东强西弱,东部地区城市创新联系格局显现出以上海、南京、杭州为顶角,以北京、天津,以广州、深圳为2个底角的创新联系"金三角"。城市创新联系在空间上呈现明显的等级性:北京、上海、广州、深圳、天津、重庆等与中国的许多城市有广泛的创新联系,具有全国创新影响力;南京、杭州、武汉、郑州、济南、青岛、大连、西安等成为地区性的城市创新联系节点,具有区域性的创新影响力。在创新联系较强的东部沿海主要的经济圈,珠江三角洲经济圈城市间创新联系最强,但外向辐射力有限;长江三角洲经济圈内部创新联系较强,并与环渤海经济圈有较强的创新联系,环渤海经济圈内部北京、天津、唐山具有较强的创新联系,外向辐射以长江三角洲的城市为主。对中国创新联系格局规律的揭示,更进一步强化了中国创新城市体系中城市的作用,并为规划与建立中国创新都市圈提供依据。     

地理信息系统与岩溶区国土整治

扼要阐述了地理信息系统（ＧＩＳ）的研究动态和笔者所开发的地理信息系统软件ＳＫｓｅｔ（ＳｏｕｔｈＫａｒｓｔｓｅｔ）南方岩溶装置;指出岩溶区国土整治中ＧＩＳ几个可能的研究方向。      

热遥感在桂林附近地质研究中的应用

<正> 一、前言机载热红外扫描,是六十年代初期发展起来的一门遥感应用技术。这种方法不仅在地热普查,寻找海底淡水泉,水质污染监测等水文地质方面得到了成功的应用,而且在地质方面的应用实例也日趋增多。由于热红外辐射包含着物质内部成分的某种讯息,因此,曾应用凌晨的热红外扫描,区分砂岩和粉砂岩,灰岩和白云岩,利用红外扫描两个波段的比值法,区分岩石中SiO2的不同含量。      

强心安神方对慢性心衰大鼠NT-proBNP及GRP78 mRNA、CHOP mRNA的影响

目的：研究强心安神方对阿霉素性慢性心力衰竭大鼠N末端前体脑利钠肽（NT-proBNP）及葡萄糖调节蛋白78（GRP78）mRNA、CCAAT/增强子结合蛋白（CHOP） mRNA的影响,探讨该方的作用机制。方法：将Wistar大鼠分为正常对照组、模型组、卡托普利组及强心安神方大、小剂量组,每组15只,对除正常对照组外的其余组大鼠采用腹腔注射阿霉素法制备慢性心力衰竭模型,予药物干预4周,检测各组大鼠心衰指标NT-proBNP及内质网应激信号分子GRP78 mRNA、CHOP mRNA的表达。结果：强心安神方大、小剂量组NT-proBNP水平、GRP78 mRNA及CHOP mRNA表达均低于模型组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05或P<0.01）,3项指标与卡托普利组比较,差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）;强心安神方大、小剂量组组内比较,大剂量组NT-proBNP水平及GRP78 mRNA表达均低于小剂量组,差异有统计学意义（P<0.05）,CHOP mRNA表达差异无统计学意义（P>0.05）。结论：强心安神方可降低内质网应激信号分子GRP78 mRNA、CHOP mRNA的表达,减轻心肌细胞损伤,从而保护心肌,抑制心肌重构。     

颤藻对6种抗生素敏感性的研究

蓝藻是一种原核藻类,其结构和遗传复杂性同革兰氏阴性菌相似,具有独立的遗传结构—质粒和天然的转化和重组系统,所以蓝藻不仅是植物光合作用、叶绿体起源和植物进化研究的理想材料,还可能成为高等植物基因表达的重要宿主[1]。     

济阳坳陷车西地区下古生界储层裂缝参数特征与裂缝类型

根据车西地区下古生界潜山的岩芯观察与稳定碳氧同位素数据,结合钻井地质、生产动态资料,划分了车西地区下古生界储层裂缝类型;研究了裂缝长度、宽度、倾角、充填等特征参数,并探讨了各参数间的相互关系;总结了裂缝特征参数与构造部位、埋藏深度、油气产量的关系。     

海上溢油数值模型研究进展

中国是海洋大国,近年来,海上活动持续增多,发生海上溢油事故的风险随之加大,海上溢油污染事故一旦发生,如不得到及时控制,必将严重损害中国近海海洋环境.为了完善中国海上溢油应急反应体系,提高中国处理重大海上溢油事故的应急反应能力,开展了海上溢油污染应急技术研究.本文综述了溢油预测模型的发展过程以及相关的研究成果,包括:溢油...     

NDCI法Ⅱ类水体叶绿素a浓度高光谱遥感数据估算

以太湖、巢湖为研究区,以Hyperion和HJ-1A卫星HSI高光谱数据以及实测水质浓度数据为实验数据,引入归一化叶绿素指数(NDCI),对Ⅱ类水体的高光谱叶绿素a浓度估算进行分析研究.首先对高光谱数据的光谱通道设置以及水体光谱特征进行分析,研究确定模型的最优波段.然后,将确定最优波段后的NDCI反射率因子作为变量与实测样本点数据进行回归分析,得到NDCI与叶绿素a浓度之间的回归关系,进行叶绿素a浓度的估算.与常用的比值法、一阶微分法和三波段法相比,NDCI的性能优于这3种方法,表明NDCI是一种计算简单、估算精度高、实用性强的Ⅱ类水体叶绿素a浓度估算方法.     

Accelerating the T‐matrix approach to seismic full‐waveform inversion by domain decomposition

A seismic variant of the distorted Born iterative inversion method, which is commonly used in electromagnetic and acoustic (medical) imaging, has been recently developed on the basis of the T‐matrix approach of multiple scattering theory. The distorted Born iterative method is consistent with the Gauss–Newton method, but its implementation is different, and there are potentially significant computational advantages of using the T‐matrix approach in this context. It has been shown that the computational cost associated with the updating of the background medium Green functions after each iteration can be reduced via the use of various linearisation or quasi‐linearisation techniques. However, these techniques for reducing the computational cost may not work well in the presence of strong contrasts. To deal with this, we have now developed a domain decomposition method, which allows one to decompose the seismic velocity model into an arbitrary number of heterogeneous domains that can be treated separately and in parallel. The new domain decomposition method is based on the concept of a scattering‐path matrix, which is well known in solid‐state physics. If the seismic model consists of different domains that are well separated (e.g., different reservoirs within a sedimentary basin), then the scattering‐path matrix formulation can be used to derive approximations that are sufficiently accurate but far more speedy and much less memory demanding because they ignore the interaction between different domains. However, we show here that one can also use the scattering‐path matrix formulation to calculate the overall T‐matrix for a large model exactly without any approximations at a computational cost that is significantly smaller than the cost associated with an exact formal matrix inversion solution. This is because we have derived exact analytical results for the special case of two interacting domains and combined them with Strassen's formulas for fast recursive matrix inversion. To illustrate the fact that we have accelerated the T‐matrix approach to full‐waveform inversion by domain decomposition, we perform a series of numerical experiments based on synthetic data associated with a complex salt model and a simpler two‐dimensional model that can be naturally decomposed into separate upper and lower domains. If the domain decomposition method is combined with an additional layer of multi‐scale regularisation (based on spatial smoothing of the sensitivity matrix and the data residual vector along the receiver line) beyond standard sequential frequency inversion, then one apparently can also obtain stable inversion results in the absence of ultra‐low frequencies and reduced computation times.