水声数据通信系统研究

提出一种基于并行传输体制的水声数据通信系统设计方案,发射端采用纠错能力很强的级联码和MFSK调制,分集技术采用抑制载波的双边带调制方式,接收端对接收信号利用快速频谱分析进行解调,并进行硬判决Viterbi译码和BM迭代译码。实验表明,该水声数据通信系统的传输波特率为200bits/s。误码率达到10^-5～10^-6以下。     

中国地级以上城市工业创新效率空间格局研究

以中国288个地级以上城市为研究对象,运用2008年第二次全国经济普查工业创新活动数据,综合考察城市工业创新效率的空间格局及其影响因素。首先,从投入和产出两方面构建了中国城市工业创新效率评价体系,运用DEA包络分析方法,从规模效率和纯技术效率两个维度对城市工业创新技术效率进行分析。然后,以聚类分析划分了3类工业创新效率城市,总结工业创新效率模式的空间特征,并分析了影响空间格局的原因。研究发现：中国城市工业创新效率呈现东强西弱,阶梯状减弱的总体空间格局,工业创新规模效率和纯技术效率的空间特征并不重合;全国尺度上,工业创新效率城市的空间分布与人口密度“黑河-腾冲”线的分布基本一致,区域尺度上,城市间呈现“核心-边缘”空间结构;城市工业创新效率空间格局受到工业发展基础与工业创新能力影响,提高城市工业创新效率关键在于提升工业创新中人力资本要素和优化工业创新投入规模。     

A novel image-fusion method based on the un-mixing of mixed MS sub-pixels regarding high-resolution DSM

A major reason for the spectral distortions of fused images generated by current image-fusion methods is that the fused versions of mixed multispectral (MS) sub-pixels (MSPs) corresponding to panchromatic (PAN) pure pixels remain mixed. The MSPs can be un-mixed spectrally to pure pixels having the same land cover classes in a fine classification map during the fusion process. Since it is difficult to produce such a land cover classification map using only MS and PAN images, a Digital Surface Model (DSM) derived from airborne Light Detection And Ranging data were employed in this study to facilitate the classification. In a novel fusion method proposed in this paper, MSPs near and across boundaries between vegetation and non-vegetation are identified using MS, PAN, and normalized Digital Surface Model (nDSM). The identified MSPs then are fused to pure pixels with respect to the corresponding land cover class in the classification map. In a test on WorldView-2 images over an urban area and the corresponding nDSM, the fused image generated by the proposed method was visually and quantitatively compared with fused images obtained using common image-fusion methods. The fused images generated by the proposed method yielded minimal spectral distortions and sharpened boundaries between vegetation and non-vegetation.     

Field study on flow structures within aquatic vegetation under combined currents and small-scale waves

Field measurements were conducted to study the influence of aquatic vegetation on flow structures in floodplains under combined currents and wind-driven waves. Wave and turbulent velocities were decomposed from the time series of instantaneous velocity and analysed separately. In the present study, the wind waves were small, leading to the ratios of wave excursion (E_w) to stem spacing (S) for all cases tested here were less than 0.5. This caused the vertical distributions of time-averaged velocity (U_horiz) and turbulent kinetic energy (TKE) impacted by vegetation similar with the vegetated flow structures under pure current conditions. For emergent vegetation, U_horiz and TKE distributed uniformly through the entire water column or increased slightly from bed to water surface. Similar distributions were present in the lower part of submerged vegetation. In the upper part of submerged vegetation, U_horiz and TKE increased rapidly toward water surface and TKE reached its maximum near the top of vegetation. The measured wave orbital velocity (U_w) fitted linear wave theory well through the entire water depth for both the emergent and submerged cases, so that with small E_w/S the wave velocity was not attenuated within vegetation and U_w within canopy can be predicted by the linear wave theory under combined currents and waves. However, wind-driven waves made the turbulence generated near the top of canopy penetrate a deeper depth into vegetation than predictions under pure current conditions.     

基于DSP6711的OFDM技术编解码实现

基于浮点数字信号处理芯片DSP6711,采用软件无线电方法构建一个基本的OFDM通信系统。在用MATLAB语言对该通信系统进行仿真的基础上,完成了CCS2．1软件平台上的由DSP硬件组成的OFDM系统C语言编程和运行通过;并利用Matlab所建立的仿真信道对此OFDM系统的编解码性能进行了测试。结果表明,论文所建立的编解码实现方案对高斯衰落信道具有一定的对抗性。     

内蒙古西部额济纳旗雅干地区二叠系 哈尔苏海组沉积环境

根据地层与古生物、沉积构造、岩性特征、成岩作用,结合微量元素组分含量和某些元素的比值、饱和烃气相色谱地球化学参数,综合研究额济纳旗雅干地区二叠系哈尔苏海组的沉积环境,为研究区石炭系—二叠系油气地质条件评价提供依据。研究结果表明,银-额盆地中二叠世末期发生过大范围的海退,晚二叠世哈尔苏海组海相沉积主要发育于额济纳旗—雅干—杭乌拉一带,以火山碎屑岩-碎屑岩夹少量碳酸盐岩沉积为主。说明额济纳旗雅干地区二叠系哈尔苏海组形成于半咸水的浅海-滨海-海陆交替的环境。     

双重介质流线模拟技术在天然裂缝性油藏开发中的应用

为了更好地把握天然裂缝性油藏的开发动态,提升大型复杂油藏模型的运算速度,建立了以流线模拟技术为基础的双重介质模型,对天然裂缝性油藏的井型、注水速率、注水周期等影响采收率的因素进行研究,确定了油藏的最佳井型、最佳注水速率、最佳注水周期等指导油藏开发的关键参数,证实了流线模拟技术可以更直观地显示三维驱替前缘。在流线模拟技术与有限差分方法运算时间的比较中,也证实流线模拟技术具有更快的运算速度。     

基于地面观测的遥感监测蒸散量验证方法研究

为了保证遥感监测蒸散量的准确性,需建立一套较完整的遥感监测蒸散量地面验证方法对其进行验证.通过由大孔径闪烁仪、涡动相关仪和自动气象站等组成的蒸散量观测系统可以获取不同卫星像元尺度蒸散量的地面观测值.自2002年以来,由海河流域的密云、馆陶、大兴及小汤山等站构建了一个不同卫星像元尺度蒸散量的观测站网,经过严格的观测数据处理与质量控制,获取了一大批卫星像元尺度蒸散量及其配套参数的地面观测值.同时,建立了一套基于地面观测的遥感监测蒸散量验证流程,重点对验证像元的选取以及评价指标的构建等进行探讨.依据上述验证流程,在海河流域的北京地区开展了遥感监测蒸散量的地面验证工作.利用2008年密云站和大兴站的大孔径闪烁仪观测数据,对基于MODIS数据估算的北京地区区域蒸散量进行验证.结果表明:这套基于大孔径闪烁仪观测数据的遥感监测蒸散量验证方法是合理、可行的.其中2008年北京地区遥感监测月、日蒸散量的均方差分别为13.75和0.91 mm,平均相对误差分别为22.79%、18.61%.