中国大陆壳幔运动耦合作用分析

板块运动是地壳和上地幔变形的主要动力来源之一。因为只有地壳变形能被直接观测到,所以将上地壳变形场与下地壳和上地幔变形场比较是研究壳幔运动耦合作用的主要方法之一。利用中国大陆GPS观测结果,结合第四纪活动断层和由20世纪以来发生的地震资料反演获得的地球表层的水平应变率场,并将相关结果与Pn波各向异性及剪切波分裂的快波方向相比较,探讨中国大陆壳幔运动耦合作用。结果发现,总体来看活动性强的构造单元,其深部上地幔塑性剪切带的展布与上地壳脆性剪切带的方位有较大的差异;反之,活动性弱的构造单元,差异较小。活动构造单元其上地壳与下地壳—上地幔之间构造变形活动差异较大的原因,可能是在这个部位上、下地壳之间构造活动有一定程度的解耦,使下地壳以上部分的活动与其下“大地幔流”的运动趋势发生差异,从而产生构造应变能积累     

A New,Well-Preserved Species of Glaresidae (Coleoptera:Scarabaeoidea) from the Jehol Biota of China

<正>Glaresis orthochilus sp.nov.(Scarabaeoidea:Glaresidae),the best preserved glaresid fossil,is described and illustrated from the Yixian Formation of western Liaoning province,north-east China.Glaresidae, the sister group of all extant Scarabaeoidea was established in the Upper Jurassic/Lower Cretaceous and contained larger species than those found today.     

Variation in Solvent-Extractable Lipids and n-Alkane Compound-Specific Carbon Isotopic Compositions with Depth in a Southern China Karst Area Soil

Because literatures about the lipid compositions of modern soils in karst areas are scarce,we have studied the soil horizons overlying the Heshang(和尚) Cave that has provided paleoclimate records from speleothem lipid contents.Our analysis reveals a series of n-alkanes,free fatty acids,n-alkanols and n-alkan-2-ones distribution and relative abundance changing with the depth,and in which the ratios of the lower molecular weight to higher molecular weight n-alkanes,free fatty acids,n-alkanols and n-alkan-2-one...     

Re-Os Geochronology of Porphyry Molybdenum Deposit in South Segment of Da Hinggan Mountains,Northeast China

The ages for porphyry Mo deposits in south segment of Da Hinggan Mountains,Northeast China,are not well known.Five molybdenite samples from the Aolunhua(奥伦花) porphyry Mo deposit,five molybdenite samples from the Yangchang(羊场) porphyry-quartz vein Mo deposit and two molybdenite samples from the Banlashan(半拉山) porphyry Mo deposit were selected for Re-Os dating.Three deposits are spatial-temporally associated with the granite porphyry stock.Re-Os isochron age of 131.2±1.9 Ma was obtained for the Aolunhua porph...     

Climate Change and Its Effect on Annual Runoff in Lijiang Basin-Mt. Yulong Region,China

Based on the meteorological and hydrologic data in the Lijang(丽江) basin from 1979 to 2006,variational trend and characteristics of climate change and its effect on runoff in Yanggong(漾弓) River were examined in the study.The results show that the temperature have significantly increased in the drainage basin during the past 28 years.The average temperature increased markedly from 1979 to 2006,and the increase of temperature in winter was higher than those in other seasons.The annual precipitation varied with...     

Structural Styles of Longmen Mountain Thrust Belt,SW China

Through field geological investigation and seismic interpretation of the Longmen (龙门) Mountain thrust belt, we summarized the following structural styles: thrust belt, fault-related fold (fault bend fold, fault propagation fold, and fault decollement fold), pop-up, triangle zone, duplex, superimposed fold, ductile deformation structures, reverse thrust fault, klippe, decollement structure,etc.. These structural styles have evident distribution characteristics; they had zonation and segmentation in plane. Th...     

中国陆相上新统高庄阶

1999年第二届全国地层委员会正式提出将中国新近纪上新世分为早、晚两期,分别命名为高庄期和麻则沟期,年代地层单位高庄阶即对应于高庄期。"高庄"一名源自同名岩石地层单位高庄组,典型剖面位于山西省榆社县云簇镇桃阳—高庄—赵庄。高庄阶对应于"国际地层表"中海相的Zanclean阶,其共同的底界定义为古地磁Chron C3r的顶部,年龄为距今5.3Ma,这条界线在榆社桃阳剖面位于高庄组下部第5层的块状砂岩底部。高庄期与欧洲陆生哺乳动物分期的Ruscinian期相当,包含1个哺乳动物群单位,即NMU12,可与欧洲的MN14—15对比。在榆社盆地发现的高庄动物群相当于NMU12。在中国的上新世哺乳动物群中,甘肃临夏盆地的十里墩动物群、甘肃灵台的雷家河Ⅲ带动物群、内蒙古化德的哈尔鄂博和比例克动物群也相当于NMU12。甘肃广河的十里墩剖面是高庄阶的潜在候选层型剖面。     

南京长江四桥附近长江古河谷沉积层序

根据南京长江四桥附近地质钻孔资料,绘制长江古河谷地质剖面示意图。在3个钻孔采集了年代样品,10个钻孔采集了粒度样品。01号孔在-59.4m深度上河床相圆砾石层中沉积物样品有机质的14C年代为14682±110年,邻近钻孔在-33.1～-33.3m深度上粉细砂中有机质的14C年代为10822±240年。通过对典型钻孔沉积层序及沉积物颗粒级配的分析,得知古河谷充填了3期从粗到细的沉积旋回,约-65m以下深槽中的沉积旋回应是末次盛冰期沉积,约-65m～-35m的应是晚冰期沉积,约-35m以上是全新世以来的沉积。     

单生卵囊藻对DIC的利用及其对CaCO3沉积影响的研究

以生长在钙华池中的单生卵囊藻（Oocystis solitaria Wittr）为研究对象,利用pH漂移方法,探讨了封闭系统中单生卵囊藻在岩溶水和非岩溶水环境下对溶解无机碳（DIC）利用及其对水体Ca^2＋沉积影响的差异。结果表明,单生卵囊藻在低CO2浓度时,通过胞外碳酸酐酶的催化,以HCO3^-作为无机碳源进行光合作用。在岩溶水环境下单生卵囊藻DIC利用能力要高于非岩溶水环境（4．78倍）,而在此过程中对水体中Ca^2＋沉积的影响也更高（2．13倍）。在岩溶水（非岩溶水）环境下,有42．6％（8．9％）的Ca^2＋通过物理化学效应以CaCO3形式沉积,其余Ca^2＋可能被藻体生长而吸收利用．．     

Kinetics of Hydrothermal Reactions of Minerals in Near-critical and Supercritical Water

This work presents new experimental results on the kinetics of mineral dissolution in near-critical and supercritical water in a temperature range (T) from 25 to 400℃ and a constant pressure of 23 MPa. Kinetic experiments were carried out by using a flow reactor (packed bed reactor) of an open system. The dissolution rates of albite and magnetite were measured under these experimental conditions. Na, Al and Si release rates for albite dissolution in water were measured as a function of the temperature and flow velocity in the reaction system. The maximum release rates of Na, AI and Si of albite dissolution in the hydrothermal flow systems under different flow velocities were always obtained at 300℃, that is to say, the maximum albite dissolution rates in the flow systems, regardless of different flow rates, were repeatedly measured at 300℃. Results indicate a wide fluctuation in albite dissolution rates occurring close to the critical point of water. The dissolution rates increased when the temperatu