改进的UKF在GPS/INS组合导航中的应用

在GPS/INS组合导航中,传统UKF(Unscented Kalman Filter)计算量大,无法满足实时性要求。而且当动力学模型受到异常扰动误差影响时,其精度与稳定性易受到影响。针对以上问题,利用最小偏度单形采样策略降低UKF计算量以提高精度;通过自适应调整过程噪声以降低动态异常扰动误差对UKF精度与稳定性的影响。由此提出了一种改进UKF算法,用于GPS/INS组合导航。仿真实验结果表明,改进UKF算法用于GPS/INS组合导航的精度要优于UKF算法。     

低空急流在副高西北侧连续性暴雨中的触发作用

利用NCEP1°×1°再分析资料、常规高空及地面资料,对2008年9月22-26日四川盆地西北部连续性暴雨的形成机制进行探讨.结果表明:此次暴雨产生在副高异常强盛和强台风黑格比登陆西进的环流背景下,过程期间500hPa无低值系统影响,暴雨的主要触发系统是副高和台风外围持续强劲的东南风低空急流,持续的东南风低空急流为暴雨区输送了源源不断的水汽和不稳定能量,急流最大风速出口区辐合及地形抬升为暴雨形成提供了辐合上升的动力条件,过程期间暴雨区位于一个稳定正环流的上升支中.另外,冷空气在此次过程中也起到了重要的作用.     

无人机遥感影像拼接方法探讨

针对当前无人机低空遥感影像处理,提出采用ORB描述符和网格自适应阈值调节的方法,该方法先对影像进行分块特征点提取,然后剔除密集点,再采用二进制描述符整体描述和匹配。试验表明,该方法速度快,精度高,匹配点分布均匀,具有很好的实用价值。     

决策树法在雷电潜势预报中的应用

利用2005年7～9月、2006年6—9月、2007年6月共8个月的闪电定位仪、常规探空以及T213,数值预报产品等资料作样本,应用决策树方法生成四川省未来12小时雷电潜势预报决策树,并通过雷电潜势预报决策树作四川省2007年8～9月雷电潜势预报。结果表明：该方法对雷电潜势预报效果较好。     

Representing the geological body heterogeneous property field using the quadratic generalized tri-prism volume function model (QGTPVF)

3D geological modeling should be an effective tool for accurately representing the geometric structure boundary and internal property fields of geological body. However, conventional methods have rarely focused on the expression of geological heterogeneous properties, known as 4D modeling. A volume function is defined as a piecewise mathematic function that describes a parameterized geological property field and created by fitting the property functions of certain 3D voxels. The quadratic generalized tri-prism volume function (QGTPVF) model is proposed for representing geological property fields with a sedimentary strata structure based on the volume function method and generalized tri-prism (GTP) voxel model. A QGTPVF is designed for borehole sample points, and it interpolates geological properties by fitting quadratic volume functions combined with the influence of geological geometric structure constraints, including stratum interfaces and fault planes. This research mainly focuses on the QGTPVF definition and fitting method, single GTP volume function is a continuous quadratic function, and a property smoothing along directionally adjacent bedding GTPs method is also studied, so geological property field is also expressed by the smooth function. A preprocessing method of faults geological structures is given, and the general framework QGTPVF is also discussed for practical applications. The QGTPVF model could be converted to tetrahedron voxel and 3D grid models for calculation and analysis easily. An example on a porosity property field is studied to verify the method’s accuracy and reliability by comparing to Kriging and inverse distance weighted interpolation methods, and the result of accuracy and time complexity are better, so the QGTPVF provides a new solution for modeling geological property fields.     

LABORATORY STUDY ON MICROWAVE REMOTE SENSING OF GROUND TRUTH*

In order to improve the interpretation of the earth system microwave remote sensing,the research of microwave spectrum characteristics of the ground truth (earth objects) was carried out in laboratory.A laboratory for microwave remote sensing of the earth objects has been constructed to improve the remote sensing level,the laboratory consists of four parts:the measuring system of dielectric constants,the microwave emissivity meter,the microwave reflectometer and the microwave remote sensing simulation experiment in field.In this paper,the principle of measurement,the correction of near field process,the structure of instrument,the calibration method and the measurement of the earth substances,including soil,water and oil,are discussed.The laboratory may supply the condition for measuring the parameters of thc earth substance remote sensing and help to interpret the remote sensing data.     

地下巷道的三维建模及C++实现

仿照弧段节点的拓扑数据结构思想,把巷道分为巷道体和巷道间节点,分别对它们进行三维建模,并且构建了巷道间的拓扑关系。同时按照面向对象的编程思想,给出了C 实现,并给出了实验结果。实验证明,巷道的建模方法和系统的实现方法是可行的。     

强降水预报思路引导系统

数值预报是提高日常天气预报准确率的最有效手段和技术,本系统能帮助预报员在较短的时间内对所关心的天气系统确立正确的预报思路.     

AREM数值模式对2005年汛期四川的降水预报

应用中国科学院大气物理研究所的AREM模式，对2005年汛期四川进行了实时降水预报。结果表明：（1）AREM预报性能略好于成都区域中心业务运行模式ETA模式，对大雨和暴雨的TS评分，AREM略高于T213预报。（2）从梯度评分看，高度、温度、涡度等要素均为可预报，而地面温度、整层水汽含量和整层水汽通量散度可预报性较低。（3）AREM对5次区域性暴雨有较好的反映，但与实况还存在一定的差异，AREM降水强度预报较实况偏弱。     

攀西地区“7.7”暴雨雷达回波演变特征剖析

通过对攀西地区2006年7月6-7日暴雨过程的环流形势及新一代天气雷达回波演变特征分析表明:暴雨过程开始前本地大气中储存着丰富的不稳定能量,高低空风存在垂直切变,在地面冷空气和青藏高原切变线触发下对流强烈发展形成大范围暴雨.强降水超级单体风暴回波强度可达60dBz,暴雨回波长时间持续的主要机制是降雨回波不断地新生和合并,暴雨回波成熟时在强回波中存在较强的上升运动,暴雨云团中大于40dBz的强回波高度可达9km,顶高超过12km,垂直液态含水量达45kg·m-2,与此相对应的速度图上有逆风区、小气旋、辐合区等强降水特征出现.