相山铀矿田成矿作用的地球化学模拟

相山铀矿田是我国最大的火山岩型热液铀矿田，在地质地球化学和高温高压实研究的基础上，利用地球化学模式程序ＥＱ３／６模拟了成矿热水溶液的形成过程和减压排泄区铀成矿作用。计算机模拟结果表明，通过大气降水与碎斑熔岩相互作用，可以形成富含Ｆ和ＳｉＯ２等矿化剂的含铀热水溶液；由于铀以ＵＯ２Ｆ＾３和ＵＯ２（ＣＯ３（＾２－３等配合形式存在，非常稳定，即使在深部强还原环境中仍能能够迁移；酸性和碱性环境，尤其是强酸性     

The law of dislocation between two sides of active faults in China and their geodynamic force

By contrasting and analyzing the characteristics of gravity field nearby some important active faults in the continent of China, it can be found that the crust blocks where Bouguer anomalies are regionally positive (or relatively positive) are moving towards the terrestrial poles and the blocks where Bouguer anomalies in a tremendous area are negative (or relatively negative) are moving towards the equator. By analysis of mechanics and mathematics calculation and based on lots of practical data, the authors hold that the change in density of a crust block is a decisive factor that causes the horizontal movement of the continental crust, while magma activity is an important factor that leads to the change in density of a crust block.     

Evolution model and formation mechanism of bio-thermocatalytic transitional zone gas

As a new genetic type of natural gas exploration area, the bio-thermocatalytic transitional zone gas (BTTZG) has been highly stressed by geologists both at home and abroad. Systematic study on the generation mechanism of hydrocarbon at the transitional zone is presented. Based on simulating experiments and geochemistry analysis of the source rock with lower evolution, a hydrocarbon-forming model at the transitional zone has been established. The mechanism is proposed that under the condition of low temperature and pressure combining with extremely active structural stress and clay mineral catalysis, BTTZG is formed by de-group of soluble organic matter and polarized compositions through orthocarbon ion as well as by condensation polymerization of aromatic ring-rich insoluble organic matter. This mechanism controls the formation of BTTZG, and furthermore, BTTZG is the product of superimposition and interaction of all the factors mentioned above.     

Evolution of Quaternary groundwater system in North China Plain

The Quaternary groundwater system in the North China Plain is formed mainly through the terrestrial water flow action on the united geological and tectonic backgrounds. The analysis of groundwater dynamic field, simulation of groundwater geochemistry, and the¹⁴C dating and extraction of isotope information have provided more evidence for recognizing and assessing the evolution of groundwater circulation system and studying the past global changes. The exploitation and utilization of groundwater on a large scale and overexploitation have given rise to the decline of regional groundwater level, change of flow field, decrease of water resources and downward movement of saline water body. The water environment has entered a new evolution stage in which it is intensely disturbed by the mankind’s activities. Project supported by the National Natural Science Foundation of China.     

华北地台东部寒武系层序地层年代格架

北地台寒武系属稳定的克拉通盆地陆表海沉积。其沉积层序表现为复合层序，主要受全球海平面变化和沉积物补给因素的控制。自下而上可划分为１７个正层序，归并为６个正层序组和２个中层序。大部分正层序的边界与生物地层单位一致，与岩石地层单位略有出入。每个正层序的平均时间延续约为３Ｍａ，含两个三叶虫化石带。根据层序地层的研究，可以建立华北寒武系层序地层年代格架，并提出各统和阶的界线参考年龄。     

福建晋江市前港湖、龙湖、虺湖等的地震堵塞成因研究

在国外前苏联学者尼可拉也夫曾提及地震后有的河流形成地震坝,其后再超覆沉积细粒物质,并称为"地震沉积相",显然这是指的地震堵塞湖形成后的沉积.国内最著名的地震堰塞湖是1933年四川省茂汶北的迭溪7.5级地震,这次强震不仅使迭溪全城及周围60余城镇、村寨全部毁灭,并且四山普遍崩溃,迭溪台地大规模崩塌、堵塞岷江,形成四个地震堵塞湖.大震后45天湖水溃决,造成下游水灾.类似这种地震堵塞湖是地震导致山地,丘陵或台地崩塌堵塞溪流,是地震导致的重力作用堵塞,应为地震重力堰塞湖.本文论及的地震堰塞湖即前港湖、龙湖、虺湖、丙州西侧小湖位于福建省晋江市龙湖镇西南侧,处晋江半岛中部,4个湖沿着控制深沪湾地堑北西边缘的衙口-丙洲断裂呈NE60°线状展布.该断裂与其东侧的深沪-金井断裂共同构成了全新世深沪湾地堑,卫星照片中有清晰的显示.这两条断裂及其所夹的活动地堑同属于区域性的常乐-诏安断裂带中段部份.     

观测应变阶在地震应力触发研究中的应用

对中国钻孔应变台网观测到的昆仑山口西MS8.1大地震的应变阶资料的研究结果表明:① 很多观测值与静力位错理论计算值不符合；② 北方地震较活跃地区的很多台站观测到异常大的应变阶，而南方构造运动较不活跃地区的台站虽然也观测到地震波动，但是应变阶不明显. 由此推断，地震的触发（可能是动态触发）作用对远场的实际地震应变变化具有重要影响. 也就是说，远场的构造活动（可能是断层活动）是否曾被地震触发，可能决定当地的应变场变化的主要特征. 进一步对昌平台1999年3月11日张北地震与1999年11月1日大同地震的观测资料对比分析表明:断裂带的分布情况对实际地震应变变化有直接影响. 这证明观测到的异常大的地震应变阶可能是地震触发了当地的断层活动的表现.      

岩浆岩侵入地层的富水性及找水方法的探讨

本文分析了岩浆岩侵入中岩脉、岩盘对围岩富水性的影响及富水层的电法辨认,提出了在不同侵入的围岩地层内用电法寻找地下水的方法.     

Geophysical exploration for interlayer slip breccia gold deposits: example from Pengjiakuang gold deposit, Shandong Province, China

Interlayer slipping breccia‐type gold deposit – a new type of gold deposit, defined recently in the northern margin of the Jiaolai Basin, Shandong Province, China – occurs in interlayer slip faults distributed along the basin margin. It has the features of large orebody thickness (ranging from 14 m to 46 m, with an average thickness of 30 m), shallow embedding (0–50 m thickness of cover), low tenor of gold ore (ranging from 3 g/t to 5 g/t), easy mining and ore dressing. This type of gold deposit has promising metallogenic forecasting and potential for economic exploitation. A ground gamma‐ray survey in the Pengjiakuang gold‐ore district indicates that the potassium/thorium ratio is closely related to the mineralization intensity, i.e. the larger the potassium/thorium ratio, the higher the mineralization. The gold mineralized alteration zone was defined by a potassium/thorium ratio of 0.35. A seismic survey confirms the location of the top and bottom boundaries and images various features within the Pengjiakuang gold mineralization belt. The gold‐bearing shovel slipped belt dips to the south at an angle of 50–55° at the surface and 15–20° at depth. The seismic profile is interpreted in terms of a structural band on the seismic section characterized by a three‐layered model. The upper layer is represented by weakly discontinuous reflections that represent the overlying conglomerates. A zone of stronger reflections representing the interlayer slip fault (gold‐bearing mineralized zone) is imaged within the middle of the section, while the strongest reflections are in the lower part of the section and represent metamorphic rocks at depth. At the same time, the seismic reflection survey confirms the existence of a granite body at depth, indicating that ore‐forming fluids may be related to the granite. A CSAMT survey showed that the gold‐bearing mineralized zone is a conductive layer and contains a low‐resistivity anomaly ranging from 2 Ωm to 200 Ωm.     

Study on Ground Motion Attenuation Relation in Shanghai and Its Adjacent Region

Based on intensity data in Shanghai and its adjacent region, the intensity attenuation relation is determined. Selecting the western United States as a reference area where there are rich strong ground motion records and intensity data, and by determining ground motion attenuation relation in an area lacking in strong ground motion data, we obtain the ground motion attenuation relation in Shanghai and its adjacent region.