High efficiency induction of callus and regeneration of sporophytes ofLaminaria japonica (Phaeophyta)

This study on the effects of ultrasonic treatment on female gametophytes ofLaminaria japonica showed that:

1. 1.

   Ultrasonic treatment had shortening effect on filaments of female gametophytes. Within certain period of time, the average length of filamentous female gametophytes was shortened.

2. 2.

   Ultrasonic treatment had emptying effect on cells. The number of empty cells increased with time of treatment. Ultrasonic treatment had harmful effect on cells.

3. 3.

   Ultrasonic treatment could break down cell walls. The combination of frequency of 20 kHz, output of 15 W, 40 s and 60 s of treatment was best for this purpose. After ultrasonic treatment, the regeneration of female gametophytes into sporophytes was effected. Female ganetophytes could not recover after too long period of treatment.

     

编制地壳垂直运动速率等值线图的有限元法

根据地壳垂直运动研究中的均衡理论,建立描述地壳垂直运动速率空间分布的数学模型,并提出应用有限元法拟合地壳垂直运动速率面的理论和方法。通过计算验证,说明有限元法可实现对地壳垂直运动速率面的精确逼近,是编制地壳垂直运动速率等值图的有效方法。     

模式识别在手腕骨自动识别中的应用研究

手腕骨自动识别是实现骨龄评定自动化的关键。以数字化仪采集数据为基础,研究了模式识别与模糊数学在手腕骨自动识别中的应用理论和方法。实验证明,模式识别的应用是成功的。     

二连盆地侏罗系地层热演化史研究

本文应用磷灰石裂变径迹,镜质体动力学模型等方法恢复二连盆地侏罗系地层的热演化史,二连盆地图参１井磷灰石退火浓度为１６００－２７７４ｍ,对应的退火温度为６４－１０２．７℃,图参１井现今温度小于最高古地温,这是由于二连盆地地温梯度逐渐降低及地层发生抬升和剥蚀所致。根据磷灰石裂变径迹分析和镜质体动力学模型模拟图参１井的热演化史,在晚侏罗世时其经受的最高地温梯度分别为７℃／ｈｍ和６℃／ｈｍ。侏罗系地层在晚     

找出最主要的控矿因素,建立三因控矿分析思路

通过几个已知金矿区的研究,认为到不同矿区有不同的控矿因素,首先找出最主要的控矿因素,再配合两个深层相关因素,进行矿体定位。     

5次中强震前河源地电台地电阻率的异常变化

１９７５￣１９９１年间,广东河源市新丰江水库区发生了５次ＭＬ４．７￣５．１级地震。距震中１０ｋｍ以内的河源黄子洞地电台记录到了震前不同程度的地电阻率异常变化。采用距平法消除年变干扰后异常延续时间一般为３个月左右,电阻率异常下降幅度在１％左右。利用《指南》中的震兆异常信度分析法确认其异常信度后,利用模糊信息处理法对异常判定地震三要素进行了计算,结果与实际基本符合。     

超压盆地中泥岩的流体压裂与幕式排烃作用

流体压裂是在异常高流体压力体系的低渗泥岩中流体活动的主要输导通道。流体压裂不仅导致低渗泥岩的幕式压实作用,而且为油气运移,储集的研究提供了新的理论模式。超压盆地泥岩的压实演化可划分为两个阶段,即连续压实和幕式压实阶段,其中幕式压实阶段又可根据导致流体压裂的主控因素进一步划分为两个亚阶段,即水力压裂和生烃压裂,前者主要由于泥岩欠压实和新生流体源的增压所致,后者则主要由于泥岩中有机质生烃及烃类裂解后增     

用欧拉方程估算埋深和形状因数

本文论述了用欧拉方程估算埋深和形状因数的方法原理,并用模型计算加以验证,最后用湖南某地含原生金刚石的钾镁煌斑岩筒上的ΔＴ异常证实这种估算方法是值得推广的。     

东海陆架全新统高分辨率层序地层学研究

在高分辨率１４Ｃ测年、岩石、生物、化学、同位素、气候及磁性地层学研究成果基础上,通过不同沉积背景典型钻孔的沉积学分析,运用层序地层学理论,对东海陆架全新统进行了高分辨率层序划分及对比;建立了全新世层序地层格架及海平面变化过程;提出了相应的层序成因模式。研究结果表明,东海陆架全新统相当于一个发育中的六级（１～１０ｋａ）层序,可进一步划分为３个七级（０．１～１ｋａ）层序和若干个更次级层序。代表１个六级或３个七级周期相对海平面变化过程中叠加有若干更次级的海平面波动,它们与地球旋回谱系中的太阳带、历法带密切相关。七级层序具有与三级层序相近的内部构型和成因格架。在东海陆架全新世沉积演化过程中,长江三角州至少有３次不同程度地越过东海陆架进入冲绳海槽,并滞留有至少３层海侵改造“残积砂”沉积。在东海陆架全新世海平面变化期间,最大海平面时期为约距今６～５ｋａ,大致高于现今海平面２～４ｍ,最低海平面在距今１０ｋａ左右,大约低于现今海平面１３０ｍ。目前,由于温室效应的影响,海平面仍呈小幅度波浪式上升。事实证明,层序地层学不仅丰富了现代海洋沉积学的内容,而且解决了许多海洋沉积学未能解决的问题。     

Estimation of groundwater recharge using the chloride mass-balance method, Pingtung Plain, Taiwan

 Due to rapid economic growth in the Pingtung Plain of Taiwan, the use of groundwater resources has changed dramatically. Over-pumping of the groundwater reservoir, which lowers hydraulic heads in the aquifers, is not only affecting the coastal area negatively but has serious consequences for agriculture throughout the plain. In order to determine the safe yield of the aquifer underlying the plain, a reliable estimate of groundwater recharge is desirable. In the present study, for the first time, the chloride mass-balance method is adopted to estimate groundwater recharge in the plain. Four sites in the central part were chosen to facilitate the estimations using the ion-chromatograph and Thiessen polygon-weighting methods. Based on the measured and calculated results, in all sites, including the mountain and river boundaries, recharge to the groundwater is probably 15% of the annual rainfall, excluding recharge from additional irrigation water. This information can improve the accuracy of future groundwater-simulation and management models in the plain. Received, April 1996 Revised, March 1997, November 1997 Accepted, March 1998