黑龙江嘉荫地区古近纪早期古气候分析

黑龙江嘉荫地区是在我国范围内最有希望找到确切陆相白垩系一古近系界线的地区之一,定量研究界线附近古气候变迁有助于了解该界线前后的生物灭绝与复苏过程。本文以乌云组含煤段第10层所产20属29种木本双子叶被子植物化石为根据,定量研究了嘉荫地区白垩系古近系界线之后的生物复苏的环境条件。“叶相一气候多变量程序”定量分析结果显示,该区古近纪早期年均温度(MAT)约11．45℃,属暖温带气候类型;“叶缘分析”得出年均降水量(MAP)约为1424mm,林相总体上属混交中生林。     

A Geometrically Exact Formulation for Three-Dimensional Numerical Simulation of the Umbilical Cable in A Deep-Sea ROV System

This paper proposes a geometrically exact formulation for three-dimensional static and dynamic analyses of the umbilical cable in a deep-sea remotely operated vehicle(ROV) system. The presented formulation takes account of the geometric nonlinearities of large displacement, effects of axial load and bending stiffness for modeling of slack cables. The resulting nonlinear second-order governing equations are discretized spatially by the finite element method and solved temporally by the generalized-a implicit time integration algorithm, which is adapted to the case of varying coefficient matrices. The ability to consider three-dimensional union action of ocean current and ship heave motion upon the umbilical cable is the key feature of this analysis. The presented formulation is firstly validated, and then three numerical examples for the umbilical cable in a deep-sea ROV system are demonstrated and discussed, including the steady configurations only under the action of depth-dependent ocean current, the dynamic responses in the case of the only ship heave motion, and in the case of the combined action of the ship heave motion and ocean current.     

Impact of the Subtropical High on the Extratropical Transition of Tropical Cyclones over the Western North Pacific

Recent publications have investigated the interactions between the extratropical transitions （ETs） of tropical cyclones （TCs） and midlatitude circulations; however, studies of ET events have rarely considered the relationship between the storm and the nearby subtropical high. The TC best-track data provided by the Regional Specialized Meteorological Center-Tokyo Typhoon Center of the Japan Meteorology Agency are used in conjunction with the NCEP/NCAR reanalysis data to discuss the potential effects of the subtropical high on ETs over the western North Pacific basin. When the western Pacific subtropical high （WPSH） is weakened and withdrawn toward the east, more TCs follow recurving paths and the midlatitude trough activity is intensified. These changes lead to enhanced ET activity. By contrast, when the WPSH strengthens and extends westward, the number of TCs that follow direct westward paths increases and the midlatitude trough is relatively inactive. These conditions lead to reduced occurrences of ET cases. Abnormal activity of the WPSH should be considered as an important factor in determining ET activity.     

Metallogenic origin of Sipingshan hot spring gold deposit in Hulin of Heilongjiang and its metallogenic mode

Sipingshan gold deposit is gold-bearing sillcalite in type. There only exist a few kinds of sulfide in the ore and it is lower in content. The gold degree is lower. Au is closely related to the Ag,Cu,Pb,As and Hg elements. The upper sillcalite has Eu and Ce negative anomaly,and the lower sillcalite has Eu positive anomaly. however,the hot spring cemented breccia and rhyolite porphyry have Eu negative anomaly;the S isotope component has deep-seated magmatic sulfur and terrestrial sulfate characteristic;and t...     

基于数据矢量特性的MODIS数据几何校正

MODIS探测器的大扫描角多探元并扫方式是造成扫描图像严重畸变的主要根源,应用基于SWATH的卫星遥感数据处理策略,分析MODIS 1B各分辨率数据空间位置关系及图像数据与经纬度数据的对应情况,结合探测器扫描方式、卫星升降轨和地球曲率等各方面因素按像元地理位置合成图像,抛弃数据光栅特性采取矢量特性实现对像元几何精定位。结果表明：应用该种方法处理的MODIS数据几何校正精度高,方便进行亚像元级精确几何校正,而且可以避免2次或多次像素重定位导致信息丢失,不会出现“BowTie”现象。     

东北区域空气质量数值预报模式应用研究进展

中国气象局沈阳大气环境研究在2014年基于CUACE和CMAQ建立了东北区域空气质量数值预报业务系统,本文介绍了空气质量数值模式的研究进展以及业务现状,为东北区域空气质量和雾霾预报提供了技术支撑。然而,随着预报精细化和更长预报时效的业务发展需求,存在预报准确率不高、计算资源短缺、科技创新能力不足等问题。本文基于存在的问题提出了东北区域空气质量数值预报未来发展建议与展望,包括加强大气污染源清单研究与技术规范制定、观测资料同化技术研究与业务应用、物理过程参数化方案的改进优化、发展数值预报产品订正技术、开发高分辨率7—10 d数值预报产品、加强人才引进和科技创新等。     

从气象灾害防御到气象灾害风险管理的管理方法转变

讨论了气象灾害和气象灾害风险的重点研究对象。尝试性地将人类认识气象灾害的过程归纳为4个阶段：气象灾害的启蒙认识阶段、气象灾害的监测与预报阶段、气象灾害的减灾工程阶段和气象灾害的风险管理阶段。同时,引出了气象灾害和气象灾害风险的不同理念。以现在时刻为划分点,将过去已发生的灾害定义为气象灾害,将未来可能发生的灾害定义为气象灾害风险。最后建立了基于SWOT的远期气象灾害风险管理的分析方法,并提出了将人工影响天气作为气象灾害风险管理的气象工程手段的观点。     

混合法计算GB体波理论地震图

高斯射线束（GB）方法是一种用于计算不均匀介质中波场的高频近似方法。本文在详细讨论了几种用高斯射线束叠加计算理论地震图的方法--频谱法、褶积法和波包法之后,提出了适用范围更广泛的混合方法（褶积-波包法）,并给出了一个便于数值计算的褶积公式。混合法在计算GB理论地震图时既用褶积法又用波包法,可以得到较高的计算速度与精度。最后,就二维情况分别用褶积法、波包法和混合法进行了一些实际计算和比较。     

河北省张家口地区膨润土资源特点、开发利用现状及前景分析

张家口地区膨润土以钙基土为主,其成因是处于侵蚀基准面以上的膨润土中钠离子往往被钙离子交换,而处于深部重碳酸钠型水中的膨润土却仍然保留了钠基土的原始特性。由于易采、易选的特殊条件,多年来该区膨润土开发一直旺而不衰,其原因之一就是随着工业化进程加快,膨润土开发利用已上升到重要地位。     

Late Cretaceous Aquatic Angiosperms from Jiayin,Heilongjiang, Northeast China

Three taxa of Late Cretaceous aquatic angiosperms, Queruexia angulata （Lesq.） Krysht., Cobbania corrugata （Lesq.） Stockey et al. and Nelumbites cf. extenuinervis Upchurch et al. from Jiayin of Heilongjiang, NE China, are described in detail. Among them, Cobbania and Nelumbites from the Upper Cretaceous in China are reported for the first time. The aquatic angiosperm assemblage of Queruexia-Cobbania-Nelumbites appears to imply a seasonal, warm and moist environment in the Jiayin area during the Santonian-Campanian time.