察尔汗盐湖低品位卤水自然蒸发试验研究

察尔汗盐湖是一个以卤水钾镁盐矿为主的大型综合性盐类矿床,盐湖东部潜卤水水化学类型为氯化物型,从KCl等组份含量来看,属低钾高钠低镁的卤水。对该类型卤水进行自然蒸发试验,确定盐类结晶析出顺序和光卤石矿物的最佳分离点,取得光卤石矿的产率和光卤石中KCl含量等基础数据,以对该卤水工业利用性能作出评价。     

河南省城区经济发展研究

文章首先介绍了城区经济的概念、特征和类型，在分析河南省城区经济发展状况的基础上，论述了该省城区经济的地位和作用，提出了河南省城区经济发展构想以及对策措施。     

An experimental study of anorthosite dissolution in lunar picritic magmas: Implications for crustal assimilation processes

Experiments characterizing the kinetics of anorthosite dissolution in lunar picritic magmas (very low-Ti, low-Ti, and high-Ti picritic glasses) were conducted at 0.6 GPa and 1250-1400 °C using the dissolution couple method. Reaction between the anorthosite and lunar picritic magmas at 1250-1300 °C produced a spinel + melt layer. Reaction between the anorthosite and an olivine-saturated low-Ti magma at 1250-1300 °C produced a crystal-free region between the spinel + melt layer and the olivine-saturated magma. The anorthosite dissolution experiments conducted at 1400 °C simply dissolved anorthosite and did not result in a crystal-bearing region. The rate of anorthosite dissolution strongly depends on temperature and composition of the reacting melt. Concentration profiles that develop during anorthosite dissolution are nonlinear and extend from the picritic glass compositions to anorthite. These profiles feature a large and continuous variation in melt density and viscosity from the anorthosite-melt interface to the initial picritic magmas. In both the low-Ti and high-Ti magmas the diffusive fluxes of TiO₂, Al₂O₃, and SiO₂ are strongly coupled to the concentration gradients of CaO and FeO. Anorthosite dissolution may play an important role in producing the chemical variability of the lunar picritic magmas, the origin of spinel in the lunar basalts and picritic glasses, and the petrogenesis of the high-Al basalts.     

Effect of some additives on synthesis of zeolite from coal fly ash

Hydrothermal conversion of fly ash into zeolites was conducted and the effects of the addition of sodium halide and waste solutions produced after zeolitization of fly ash, as well as the adjustment of the Si/Al ratio prior to synthesis process on the formation and cation exchange capacity (CEC) of zeolite product were evaluated. Both the addition of NaCl and NaF ameliorated the crystallinity and CEC of synthesized zeolite, but NaF had a better improvement effect. Na⁺ was considered to enhance the crystallization of zeolite, while F⁻ favored the dissolution of fly ash. The type of zeolite formed depended on the Si/Al ratio of the starting material prior to the nucleation and crystallization of zeolite. The adjustment of the Si/Al ratio of fly ash by addition of Na₂SiO₄ and Al(OH)₃ changed the type and CEC of zeolite. Waste solutions contained large amount of Si and little Al due to the formation of a zeolite named NaP1 in zeolite terminology with the Joint Committee of Powder Diffraction Standard (JCPDS) code of 39-0219. The alkalinity decreased largely. As a result, the CEC value of zeolite products synthesized with waste solution as alkali source decreased. The supplementation of new alkali to adjust the alkalinity of waste solution could enhance the CEC of synthesized product. It was concluded that: (1) addition of sodium halide and adjustment of the Si/Al ratio prior to synthesis can improve the quality of zeolite; (2) waste solutions produced following the zeolitization of fly ash can be reused as an alkali source in the activation of fly ash; zero-emission of waste solution in the synthesis of zeolite from fly ash is possible.     

用于砾石夹层钻进的新型PDC钻头的研制与使用

无压浸渍工艺生产的PDC石油钻头钻遇砾石夹层不适应。根据砾石夹层砾石坚硬、软硬互层、非均质、研磨性强的特点，研究了新型PDC钻头，在钻头结构上主要采取外抛内锥带辅助切削齿的结构形式，在复合片上主要采用非平面结合方式，即采用双向多条直槽非平面结合。按此方案设计与生产了3只钻头，分别在3口井试用，直接钻穿砾石夹层馆陶组地层井段，钻井效率提高26%，突破了砾石夹层钻进不能使用PDC钻头的禁区。     

居民对泉州湾滨海湿地资源和环境的感知研究

中国的部分滨海湿地是资源、环境问题突出和人地矛盾非常尖锐的区域,在这些区域开展当地居民对资源、环境的感知研究有利于确定滨海湿地保护的宣传教育重点,引导新闻媒体、非政府组织和社区的积极参与。以中国东南沿海河口海湾重要湿地——泉州湾湿地为例,采用野外实地考察、抽样问卷调查和访谈等方法分析居民对滨海湿地资源和环境的感知,调查结果用SPSS软件进行处理。研究结果显示,当地居民因教育水平较低,环保意识较淡薄,对滨海湿地资源和环境感知状况存在不确定性。     

雾灵山森林公园旅游形象设计

引入反馈调节设计理念，构建了旅游形象设计体系；运用该体系对雾灵山森林公园的旅游形象进行了多方案设计，拟在广泛征询意见的基础上最终裁定该公园的旅游形象方案。     

Research progress on international rivers in Asia

With the regional population growth, socioeconomic development, more and more attention has been paid to issues on the shared water allocation and the transboundary eco-security conservation during the development of water resources in the international rivers. In this paper, the existing major problems on transboundary waters in different sub-regions of Asia, such as water shortage, transboundary waters pollution, fragile eco-environment are discussed. Then, the key scientific issues to be concerned in the next study progress on the basis of the analyses of the new research directions and focus fields are raised: (1) unpredicted changes of the hydrologic and water system, and their impacts on the allocation of the sharing waters by global changes; (2) models of the international cooperation on the international rivers on the studies of international and national water laws or regulations, policies, the relative experiences and the case studies; (3) quantificational assessment on environmental flow, available water, and the comprehensive functions and values of the international watercourse system; (4) studies on transboundary aquatic bio-diversity maintenance, transboundary pollution supervision and treatment under the rules and principles accepted by the riparian states; (5) issues on transboundary compensation at the rules of “payments for using”, “payments for harm” and “compensation for benefit”; (6) using advanced 3S techniques to promote the integrated watershed development and management; and so on.     

吉林伊通盆地莫里青断陷古近系双阳组储集层成岩作用研究

古近系双阳组是在吉林省伊通盆地莫里青断陷中，油气赋存的主要层位,储层主要为湖底扇和扇三角洲的砂体。依据双阳组储层的大量薄片、扫描电镜、粘土矿物分析的资料研究了该储集层的成岩作用。研究结果表明双阳组储集层：成岩作用经历了压实、压溶、胶结、交代和溶解6方面的作用。双储集层中的自生粘土矿物蒙皂石向伊利石转化具有明显的特征：主要演化过程经历了蒙皂石渐变带，第一迅速转化带和第二迅速转化带，相应的成岩作用阶段可划分为早成岩阶段B期、晚成岩阶段A1期和晚成岩阶段A2期。依据在垂向上的成岩变化,建立了莫里青断陷双阳组储集层的成岩作用演化序列。在垂向上成岩作用的类型和强度均存在明显的差异，造成了储层物性的垂向分带。     

福建平潭虎潮山滑坡成因机理分析与评价

虎潮山滑坡位于平宏公路12k 704~12k 884段北侧山坡体上,是平潭海岛通往陆地的唯一公路通道。论文通过定性的工程地质分析和定量计算评价了虎潮山坡体稳定性的变化趋势,提出改建公路超挖深切坡脚和持续长时间强降雨导致的孔隙水压力作用是边坡发生滑动破坏的主要因素。