全文获取类型
收费全文 | 31104篇 |
免费 | 1541篇 |
国内免费 | 2971篇 |
专业分类
测绘学 | 1993篇 |
大气科学 | 3478篇 |
地球物理 | 6193篇 |
地质学 | 15363篇 |
海洋学 | 2100篇 |
天文学 | 1781篇 |
综合类 | 2686篇 |
自然地理 | 2022篇 |
出版年
2024年 | 48篇 |
2023年 | 152篇 |
2022年 | 272篇 |
2021年 | 339篇 |
2020年 | 303篇 |
2019年 | 336篇 |
2018年 | 5059篇 |
2017年 | 4321篇 |
2016年 | 2913篇 |
2015年 | 604篇 |
2014年 | 496篇 |
2013年 | 492篇 |
2012年 | 1504篇 |
2011年 | 3228篇 |
2010年 | 2547篇 |
2009年 | 2802篇 |
2008年 | 2373篇 |
2007年 | 2806篇 |
2006年 | 482篇 |
2005年 | 556篇 |
2004年 | 718篇 |
2003年 | 679篇 |
2002年 | 492篇 |
2001年 | 273篇 |
2000年 | 294篇 |
1999年 | 261篇 |
1998年 | 187篇 |
1997年 | 200篇 |
1996年 | 161篇 |
1995年 | 116篇 |
1994年 | 114篇 |
1993年 | 86篇 |
1992年 | 61篇 |
1991年 | 61篇 |
1990年 | 46篇 |
1989年 | 36篇 |
1988年 | 29篇 |
1987年 | 18篇 |
1986年 | 24篇 |
1985年 | 11篇 |
1984年 | 13篇 |
1983年 | 9篇 |
1982年 | 5篇 |
1981年 | 26篇 |
1980年 | 25篇 |
1979年 | 6篇 |
1976年 | 9篇 |
1966年 | 3篇 |
1958年 | 4篇 |
1954年 | 4篇 |
排序方式: 共有10000条查询结果,搜索用时 31 毫秒
201.
Shinya Magome Tomohiro Yamashita Takeshi Kohama Atsushi Kaneda Yuichi Hayami Satoru Takahashi Hidetaka Takeoka 《Journal of Oceanography》2007,63(5):761-773
Jellyfish patch formation is investigated by conducting a drifter experiment combined with aerial photography of a sustained
patch of the moon jellyfish in Hokezu Bay, Japan. Jellyfish patches are aggregations of individuals that are caused by a combination
of swimming (active influence) and advection by currents (passive influence). The drifter experiment involved the injection
of 49 drifters around a distinct surface patch of jellyfish within an area of approximately 300 m × 300 m. The drifters’ motion,
caused only by the passive influence, was recorded in a series of 38 aerial photographs taken over approximately 1 h. The
ambient uniform current field larger than the patch scale was estimated from the movement of the centroid position of drifters,
while the distribution of horizontal divergence and relative vorticity around the patch was estimated from the time-derivative
in areas of triangles formed by the drifters. The centroid positions of both drifters and patches moved stably toward the
bay head at different speeds. The difference vector between the patch and drifter centroids was directed to the sun, and was
opposite to the ambient current. The distributions of vorticity and divergence around patches exhibited inhomogeneity within
the patch scale, and the drifters in this nonuniform current field aggregated near the convergence area within 1 h. The results
suggest that horizontal patch formation is predominantly influenced by passive factors at the surface of Hokezu Bay. Furthermore,
the upward swimming against downwelling may make sustained patch in surface layer. 相似文献
202.
The ecological aspect of meiofaunal communities in Can Gio mangrove forest, Ho Chi Minh city, Vietnam has not been investigated
before. The composition, distribution, density and biodiversity of meiofaunal communities were studied along an intertidal
transect at the Khe Nhan mudflat. Each time, three replicate samples were collected in four stations along a transect following
the water line from low tide level up to the mangrove forest edge. In total, 18 meiofaunal taxa were found with the dominant
taxa belonging to Nematoda, Copepoda, Sarcomastigophora and Polychaeta. The densities of meiofauna ranged from 1156 inds/10
cm2 to 2082 inds/10 cm2. The increase in densities from the mangrove forest edge towards the low water line was significant. Along the mudflat transect,
the biodiversity (expressed by different indices) was relatively high at different taxonomic levels but did not vary significantly
along the mudflat except for taxa richness. Eighty nematode genera belonging to 24 families with Comesomatidae having the
highest abundance 33.8 % were found.Theristus andNeochromadora decreased in densities from the lower water line towards the mangrove forest edge, whileParacomesoma andHopperia are typical and more abundant at the middle of the mudflat.Halalaimus increased from high on the mudflat to the low water line. 相似文献
203.
渤海南部表层沉积的相特征 总被引:1,自引:0,他引:1
通过海上调查及实验室分析,查明渤海南部表层沉积物在结构类型、矿物组合、生物组分及沉积构造等相特征方面具有明显的分区性。渤海南部存在五种沉积相:黄河水下三角洲相、陆架盆地相、海湾相、潮流浅滩相及古滨岸相。黄河水下三角洲相从河口延至水深15—20米处,沉积速率很高,沉积物富含碎屑云母及CaCo_3。陆架盆地相的沉积为粉砂质粘土,具有生物扰动构造。 相似文献
204.
从1989年4月~1990年10月,我科在69例病人中使用CHIMEHERB人工皮,覆盖治疗了供皮区,Ⅱ°烧伤创面、脱痂创面的残余肉芽创面.临床应用表明:CHIMEHERB人工皮能加快创面的愈合,是目前较好的一种创面覆盖物,用人工皮覆盖创面2~3天后,人工皮干燥,不需再换药,可减轻病人的痛苦. 相似文献
205.
Hideo Kawai 《Journal of Oceanography》2005,61(2):235-246
At present, the barotropic buoyant stability parameter has been derived from a vertical virtual displacement of a water parcel. The barotropic inertial stability parameter in the eccentrically cyclogeostrophic, basic current field was derived in 2003 from a horizontal cross-stream virtual displacement of a parcel. By expressing acceleration of a parcel due to a virtual displacement, which is arbitrarily sloping within a vertical section across the basic current, in terms of natural coordinates, we derived the vertical component of baroclinic buoyant stability parameter B
2
2, the horizontal component of baroclinic inertial stability parameter I
2
2, the baroclinic joint stability parameter J
2, its buoyant component B
2 and its inertial component I
2. B
2 is far greater than I
2
2, and when neglecting relative vorticity except for vertical shear, a downward convex curve of J
2 plotted against the slope of a virtual displacement follows a trend of B
2 curve. If a parcel displaces along a horizontal surface or an isopycnal surface, however, B
2 vanishes, and J
2 becomes equal to I
2. Actual parcel is apt to displace not only along the bottom slope, but also along the sea surface and an isopycnal interfacial surface, which is approximately equivalent to an isentropic surface, preferred by lateral mixing and exchange of momentum. Such actual displacement makes B
2 vanishing, and grants I
2 an important role. The present analysis of I
2 examining effects due to curvature and horizontal and vertical shear vorticities are useful in deepening our understanding of baroclinic instability in actual oceanic streams. 相似文献
206.
Yosuke Fujii 《Journal of Oceanography》2005,61(1):167-181
I present the derivation of the Preconditioned Optimizing Utility for Large-dimensional analyses (POpULar), which is developed for adopting a non-diagonal background error covariance matrix in nonlinear variational analyses (i.e., analyses employing a non-quadratic cost function). POpULar is based on the idea of a linear preconditioned conjugate gradient method widely adopted in ocean data assimilation systems. POpULar uses the background error covariance matrix as a preconditioner without any decomposition of the matrix. This preconditioning accelerates the convergence. Moreover, the inverse of the matrix is not required. POpULar therefore allows us easily to handle the correlations among deviations of control variables (i.e., the variables which will be analyzed) from their background in nonlinear problems. In order to demonstrate the usefulness of POpULar, we illustrate two effects which are often neglected in studies of ocean data assimilation before. One is the effect of correlations among the deviations of control variables in an adjoint analysis. The other is the nonlinear effect of sea surface dynamic height calculation required when sea surface height observation is employed in a three-dimensional ocean analysis. As the results, these effects are not so small to neglect. 相似文献
207.
研究水的声吸收所引起的光声脉冲幅度的变化。脉冲声波由激光通过光击穿机制产生。文中给出了光声脉冲峰值声压与传播距离和声吸收系数之间的理论关系式。实验测量结果和理论曲线所描述的变化规律相符合。 相似文献
208.
The distribution and geochemical composition of suspended-particulate matter (SPM) in the East China Sea (ECS) were investigated
during the summer period of high continental runoff to elucidate SPM sources, distribution and cross-shelf transport. The
spatial variability of SPM distribution (0.3–6.5 mg l−1) and geochemical composition (POC, Al, Si, Fe, Mn, Ca, Mg and K) in the ECS was pronounced during summer when the continental
fluxes of freshwater and terrestrial materials were highest during the year. Under the influences of Changjiang runoff, Kuroshio
intrusion, surface production and bottom resuspension, the distribution generally showed strong gradients decreasing seaward
for both biogenic and lithogenic materials. Particulate organic carbon was enriched in surface water (mean ∼18%) due to the
influence of biological productivity, and was diluted by resuspended and/or laterally-transported materials in bottom water
(mean 9.4%). The abundance of lithogenic elements (Al, Si, Fe, Mn) increased toward the bottom, and the distribution correlations
were highly significant. Particulate CaCO3 distribution provided evidence that the SPM of the bottom water in the northern part of the study area was likely mixed with
sediments originally derived from Huanghe. A distinct benthic nepheloid layer (BNL) was present in all seaward transects of
the ECS shelf. Sediment resuspension may be caused by tidal fluctuation and other forcing and be regarded as the principal
agent in the formation of BNL. This BNL was likely responsible for the transport of biogenic and lithogenic particles across
or along the ECS shelf. Total inventories of SPM, POC and PN are 46, 2.8 and 0.4 Tg, respectively, measured over the total
area of 0.45 × 106 km2 of the ECS shelf. Their mean residence times are about 27, 13 and 11 days, respectively. The inventory of SPM in the water
column was higher in the northernmost and southernmost transects and lower in the middle transects, reflecting the influences
of terrestrial inputs from Changjiang and/or resuspended materials from Huanghe deposits in the north and perhaps from Minjiang
and/or Taiwan’s rivers in the south. The distribution and transport patterns of SPM and geochemical elements strongly indicate
that continental sources and cross-shelf transport modulate ECS particulate matter in summer. 相似文献
209.
参考鳗鲡等鱼类线粒体 DNA序列进行了中国花鲈线粒体 DNA细胞色素 b基因片断的引物设计、PCR扩增及其序列测定。得到中国花鲈的碱基序列为 4 10 bp,其 A、T、G、C含量分别为 10 1bp(2 4 .6 3% )、112 bp(2 7.32 % )、72 bp(17.56 % )、12 5bp(30 .4 9% ) ,与鳗鲡等其他鱼类相同基因片断序列碱基含量相似。 相似文献
210.