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291.
Marcelo C.L. Cohen Beatriz L. Figueiredo Nedra N. Oliveira Neuza A. Fontes Marlon Carlos França Luiz C.R. Pessenda Adriana V. de Souza Kita Macario Paulo C.F. Giannini José A. Bendassolli Paula Lima 《地球表面变化过程与地形》2020,45(2):375-392
Projections of the impacts of modern Relative Sea Level (RSL) rise on estuarine mangroves should be supported by coastal topographic data and records of mangrove dynamics under past RSL change. This work identified inland and seaward mangrove migrations along the Jucuruçu River (Bahia, Northeastern Brazil), during the Holocene based on sedimentary features, palynological and geochemical (δ13C, δ15N, C/N) data integrated with digital elevation models. During the Middle Holocene, in response to RSL rise, the estuary saw mangrove forest establish up to ~37 km inland. RSL stood between -1.4 (+0.36/-2.2 m) and +1 (2.19/0.2 m) around 7400 cal yr BP, and rose to a highest position of +3.25 (4.22/2.45 m) reached around 5350 cal yr BP. That marine incursion caused the inland replacement of freshwater vegetation by mangroves on tidal flats. Since then, the estuary experienced RSL fall, reducing inland tidal water salinity towards the Late Holocene, making that the mangroves were replaced by freshwater floodplain vegetation. Today, in the seaward part of the estuary near its mouth, mangroves occupy an area of ~10 km2 along tidal channels. Considering a RSL rise of 98 cm up to the end of the 21st century, at a rate significantly higher than that of Middle Holocene RSL rise (1.5 mm/yr) and fall (0.6 mm/yr), the current mangrove substrates are expected to drown and/or eroded near the coast, while new mangroves may establish inland, at topographically higher tidal flats in nowadays freshwater-tidal zones. Mangrove area could expand over 13 km2 of coastal and flood plain. Following the same interaction between RSL/climate changes and Holocene mangrove dynamics, such upstream mangrove migration may be attenuated or intensified by changes in fluvial discharge. © 2019 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd. 相似文献
292.
Castillo Yvelice Pais Maria Alexandra Fernandes João Ribeiro Paulo Morozova Anna L. Pinheiro Fernando J. G. 《Solar physics》2021,296(7):1-30
Solar Physics - During solar minimum, the Sun is relatively inactive with few sunspots observed on the solar surface. Consequently, we observe a smaller number of highly energetic events such as... 相似文献
293.
China Ocean Engineering - Wave energy is a renewable source with significant amount in relation to the global demand. A good concept of a device applied to extract this type of energy is the... 相似文献
294.
Ricardo Sousa Joana Vasconcelos Rodrigo Riera Joo Delgado Jos A. Gonzlez Mafalda Freitas Paulo Henriques 《Marine Ecology》2019,40(2)
Harvesting of intertidal grazers such as topshells is known to affect negatively the exploited populations by altering population structure and decreasing abundance. Phorcus sauciatus has a wide geographic distribution in the North‐eastern Atlantic Ocean and is subject to increasing levels of harvesting pressure due to the expansion of human population on coastal areas. The effect of proximity to human settlements and coastal accessibility on the size structure and abundance of P. sauciatus populations was examined in Madeira archipelago. Mean size, proportion of reproductive individuals, and abundance of this species were generally smaller in areas closer to human settlements and in more accessible coastal areas. Marine protected areas returned the highest mean sizes evidencing their effectiveness in preserving the size structure of this species. The results highlight the necessity to regulate the harvest of P. sauciatus in Madeira archipelago, as well as the implementation of management measures aiming at the sustainable exploitation and conservation of this species, exploited in this region since the early 15th century. 相似文献
295.
Carlos Antonio da Silva Junior Marcos Rafael Nanni José Francisco de Oliveira-Júnior Everson Cezar Paulo Eduardo Teodoro Rafael Coll Delgado 《International Journal of Digital Earth》2019,12(3):270-292
This research aimed to analyze the possibility to estimate and automatically map large areas of soybean cultivation through the use of MODIS (Moderate-Resolution Imaging Spectroradiometer) images. Two major techniques were used: GEOgraphic-Object-Based Image Analysis (GEOBIA) and Data Mining (DM). In order to obtain the images, the segmentation algorithm implemented by Definiens Developer was used. A decision tree (DT) was created from a training set previously prepared. Time-series of images from the MODIS sensor aboard the Terra satellite were acquired in order to represent the wide variation of the vegetation pattern along the soybean crop cycle. The time-series data were used only for the CEI index. Furthermore, to compare the results obtained from GEOBIA, the slicing technique was used at the CEI level. After the training, the DT was applied to the vegetation indices generating the thematic map of the spatial distribution of soybean. In accordance with the error matrix and kappa parameter analysis, tests for statistical significance were created. Results indicate that the classification achieved by Kappa coefficients is 0.76. In short, the obtained results proved that combining vegetation indices and time-series data using GEOBIA return promising results for mapping soybean plantation on a regional scale. 相似文献
296.
Zhenfeng Shao Neema S.Sumari Aleksei Portnov Fanan Ujoh Walter Musakwa Paulo J.Mandela 《地球空间信息科学学报》2021,24(2):241-255
Urbanization is one of the most impactful human activities across the world today affecting the quality of urban life and its sustainable development. Urbanizat... 相似文献
297.
298.
Implementation and verification of a masonry panel model for nonlinear dynamic analysis of infilled RC frames 总被引:5,自引:3,他引:2
E. Smyrou C. Blandon S. Antoniou R. Pinho F. Crisafulli 《Bulletin of Earthquake Engineering》2011,9(5):1519-1534
The effect of infill panels on the response of RC frames subjected to seismic action is widely recognised and has been subject
of numerous experimental investigations, while several attempts to model it analytically have been reported. In this work,
the implementation, within a fibre-based Finite Elements program, of a double-strut nonlinear cyclic model for unreinforced
masonry panels is carried out. The adequacy of the model in predicting the cyclic/seismic response of multi-storey infilled
reinforced concrete frames is then verified through comparisons against experimental results. 相似文献
299.
Marcel G. Moura Valeria S. Quaresma Alex C. Bastos Paulo Veronez Jr 《Ocean Dynamics》2011,61(2-3):273-283
The present study investigated direct and indirect methods using optical and acoustic instruments for the acquisition of information required to estimate the concentration of suspended particulate matter (SPM) in Vitória Bay, a shallow estuarine system in SE Brazil. The aim was to calibrate and compare the use of different instruments (OBS, ADP, and ADV) to estimate SPM concentration in the water column and near the bed. Concentration was determined by correlating filtered water samples with the optical and acoustic measurements. In general, the methodology proved tenable for the chosen shallow estuarine environment with low SPM concentration (<60?mg/L). Pearson’s coefficient ranged from 0.75 to 0.85, when correlating measurements taken at three sampled depths. Differences in the correlation coefficient values showed that calibration at three depths (near the bed, mid-water column, and near the surface) was more effective than for surface samples alone, even in shallow (???m deep) water. When calibration was attempted for concentration in the entire water column with samples at just one elevation, the correlation value was very low, thus increasing the error in estimating the SPM concentration. 相似文献
300.
Christopher A. Cunningham Jos�� Paulo Bonatti 《Theoretical and Applied Climatology》2011,106(1-2):23-44
This work examines the near-surface responses, in the Southern Hemisphere atmosphere, to a reduction and an excess of sea ice cover in the Ross Sea. Large ensembles (60 members) of the Atmospheric General Circulation Model of the Center for Weather Forecast and Climate Studies (AGCM-CPTEC) are used for this purpose. Locally, when the sea ice cover decreases (increases), heat fluxes, temperature, and pressure increase (decreases). A principal component analysis of temperature and geopotential height identifies the potential remote connections. We have found three main results: first, an association between the sea ice cover in the Ross Sea and a wave train that resembles the Pacific South American (PSA) pattern; second, a relationship between temperatures in the Ross Sea and in the southern South America; and third, an apparent correspondence between reduced sea ice cover in the Ross Sea and the subtropical jet over Australia. 相似文献