重庆雾害潜势预报、警报系统中的显示服务系统

本文介绍重庆市区雾害潜势预报报警服务系统的显示服务系统。该系统包括资料处理、动力、统计、数值预报、客观推理系统、综合决策(集成)等模式,以及系统简介和显示服务等功能。显示服务系统采用菜单技术,多种语言混合编程,能正确运行各个模式,完成所需功能,具有实用、方便、直观和自动化程度高的特点,在实用中收到良好效果。     

Characters of fluid inclusions in quartz veins in pyroclastic rock of Budate Group, Hailar Basin

It was adopted that the fluorescence microscope, Gas-Flow Heating/Freezing System, Laser-Raman Spectroscopy, etc. are the multimedia techniques for analysing fluid inclusions of quartz veins in Budate Group, Hailar Basin. The results show that fluid inclusions in quartz veins are small ( 1～5μm) monophase, two-phase (liquid vapour) aqueous inclusions; the two-phase aqueous inclusions homogcniese to the liquid phase between 120 ～ 180℃, two dominant types for oil inclusions were determined in quartz veins: ① the primary inclusions, almostly gas, measurement by Laser-Raman Spectroscopy show that both gas phase are enriched in CH4 (94.50%～99.25% ) and C6H6 (0.75%～2.70%), under these conditions, inclusions may have come from juvenile fliud followingly the quartz veins formation. While the quartz veins exhibiting different striking luminescence has been proved by cathodoluminescence, it would be impossible to come from the deep magmas and strata. ② aqueous, liquid and two-phase (liquid vapour) oil inclusions, belong to secondary hydrocarbon inclusions. The oil inclusions of this stage represent mainly the large scale of oil accumulation, located within the quartz microfracture.     

中国地壳运动观测网络基本网观测精度研究

“中国地壳运动观测网络”于1998～2002年开展过5次基本网GPS联测。利用GIPSY软件处理结果进行的统计分析表明：基线定位水平分量精度为2～5mm，垂直分量为7～15mm；基线变化的水平分量测定精度为0．5mm／a，达到了流动观测的最高水平。分析基线定位误差发现：固定误差是目前相对定位的主要误差；与基线长度有关的比例误差对于水平分量而言，基本可以忽略。对速率的统计分析说明：至少4年观测间隔，才有可能获得比较精确、可靠的测站速率结果。     

Densification and grain coarsening of melting snow

1　IntroductionSnowdensificationiscriticalforcalculationsinengineering glaciology,snowavalancheforecasting ,springflooding,andotherpracticalaspects.Itisalsoimportantforinterpretingicecoredataincludingthosetakenfromratherwarmsiteswheresurfacelay ersexperiencemelting ,sinceitwouldaffectthechangeofannuallayerthicknesswithtime.Whileextensivestudies(e.g .AndersonandBenson 1 963 ;Bader1 960 ,1 962 ;Koji ma 1 95 4,1 95 5 ,1 95 6,1 95 7,1 95 8,1 95 9,1 964;Keeler 1 967;Gow 1 975 ;MaenoandE binuma 1…     

昆仑山口西Ms8.1地震的地壳变形特征

利用全球定位系统1991－2001年及震后4期GPS观测数据。获得了2001年11月14日昆仑山口西地震（Ms8.1)的同震和震后形变运动图像，跨破裂带GPS网最近两点测得的最大同震形变为1.9m左右，而震后4个月断层蠕滑引起的变形约为80mm，破裂带两侧震后变形幅度具有非对称性。南侧震后变形基本是北侧的2－3倍。研究结果显示破裂带南盘在震后向偏东方向有明显移动，预示本次地震后能量的重新分配与积累，根据近几十年以来东昆仑断裂带的大地震由西向东扩展的特点，未来地震有向东迁移的可能。     

稳健回归分析及其应用研究

以前在回归分析的研究中，往往只强调对回归方程及其系数进行显著性检验，而忽略对自变量和因变量的稳健性分析。事实上，如果自变量或因变量存在粗差，将对回归模型产生破坏性影响并直接导致预测的失败。考虑到自变量或因变量可能相关，将基于等价方差－协方差的稳健最小二乘估计理论引入回归分析中，并将稳健最小二乘估计理论方法用于GPS高程拟合，取得了明显效果。     

低品位高炭镍钼矿选矿节能新技术——矿产资源节约与综合利用先进适用技术

一、技术类型该技术属于有色金属选矿技术。二、适用范围适用于分布于我国湖南湘西北、贵州遵义地区、湖北都昌地区、云南和浙江富阳等地区沉积型低品位镍钼钒多金属矿床。三、技术内容(一)     

Report of the Science Community Workshop on the proposed First Sample Depot for the Mars Sample Return Campaign

The Mars 2020/Mars Sample Return (MSR) Sample Depot Science Community Workshop was held on September 28 and 30, 2022, to assess the Scientifically-Return Worthy (SRW) value of the full collection of samples acquired by the rover Perseverance at Jezero Crater, and of a proposed subset of samples to be left as a First Depot at a location within Jezero Crater called Three Forks. The primary outcome of the workshop was that the community is in consensus on the following statement: The proposed set of ten sample tubes that includes seven rock samples, one regolith sample, one atmospheric sample, and one witness tube constitutes a SRW collection that: (1) represents the diversity of the explored region around the landing site, (2) covers partially or fully, in a balanced way, all of the International MSR Objectives and Samples Team scientific objectives that are applicable to Jezero Crater, and (3) the analyses of samples in this First Depot on Earth would be of fundamental importance, providing a substantial improvement in our understanding of Mars. At the conclusion of the meeting, there was overall community support for forming the First Depot as described at the workshop and placing it at the Three Forks site. The community also recognized that the diversity of the Rover Cache (the sample collection that remains on the rover after placing the First Depot) will significantly improve with the samples that are planned to be obtained in the future by the Perseverance rover and that the Rover Cache is the primary target for MSR to return to Earth.     

中国大陆科学钻探主孔0～4500米变质岩石锆石中保存的超高压矿物包体

中国大陆科学钻探主孔0-4500米的岩心主要由榴辉岩、斜长角闪岩、副片麻岩、正片麻岩以及少量的超基性岩所组成。岩相学研究结果表明,榴辉岩的围岩普遍经历了强烈角闪岩相退变质作用的改造,峰期超高压变质的矿物组合已完全被后期退变质过程中角闪岩相矿物组合所替代。采用激光拉曼技术,配备电子探针和阴极发光测试,发现主孔224件岩心中有121件(包括榴辉岩、斜长角闪岩、副片麻岩和正片麻岩)样品的锆石中普遍隐藏以柯石英为代表的超高压矿物包体,且不同岩石类型锆石中所保存的超高压矿物包体组合存在明显差异。(含多硅白云母)金红石石英榴辉岩锆石中保存的典型超高压包体矿物组合为柯石英 石榴石、柯石英 石榴石 绿辉石 金红石和柯石英 多硅白云母 磷灰石。黑云绿帘斜长角闪岩锆石中保存的超高压矿物组合为柯石英 石榴石 绿辉石、柯石英 石榴石 多硅白云母和柯石英 绿辉石 金红石,与榴辉岩所保存的超高压矿物组合十分相似,表明该类斜长角闪岩是由超高压榴辉岩在构造折返过程中退变质而成。在副片麻岩类岩石,如石榴绿帘黑云二长片麻岩锆石中,代表性的超高压包体矿物组合为柯石英 多硅白云母和柯石英 石榴石等;而在石榴黑云角闪钠长片麻岩锆石中,则保存柯石英 硬玉 石榴石 磷灰石、柯石英 硬玉 多硅白云母 磷灰石和柯石英 石榴石 磷灰石等超高压矿物包体。在正片麻岩锆石中,标志性的超高压矿物包体为柯石英、柯石英 多硅白云母、柯石英 蓝晶石 磷灰石和柯石英 蓝晶石 榍石等。此外,在南苏鲁东海至临沭一带的地表露头以及一系列卫星孔岩心的锆石中,也普遍发现以柯石英为代表的标志性超高压矿物包体,表明在南苏鲁地区由榴辉岩及其围岩的原岩所组成的巨量陆壳物质(方圆>5000km2,厚度超过4.5km)曾整体发生深俯冲,并经历了超高压变质作用。该项研究对于重塑苏鲁-大别超高压变质带俯冲-折返的动力学模式有着重要的科学意义。