Particle decay in the early Universe: predictions for 21 cm

The influence of ultra-high energy cosmic rays (UHECRs) and decaying dark matter particles on the emission and absorption characteristics of neutral hydrogen in 21 cm at redshifts   z = 10–50  is considered. In the presence of UHECRs, 21 cm can be seen in absorption with the brightness temperature   T _b=−(5–10) mK  in the range   z = 10–30  . Decaying particles can stimulate a 21-cm signal in emission with   T _b∼ 50–60 mK  at   z = 50  and   T _b≃ 10 mK  at   z ∼ 20  . Characteristics of the fluctuations of the brightness temperature, in particular its power spectrum, are also calculated. The maps of the power spectrum of the brightness temperature on the plane wavenumber redshift are shown to be sensitive to the parameters of UHECRs and decaying dark matter. Observational possibilities to detect manifestations of UHECRs and/or decaying particles in 21 cm with the future radio telescopes (LOFAR, 21CMA and SKA), and to distinguish contributions from them, are briefly discussed.     

Chemical inhomogeneity of the post-reionization universe

The statistical properties of the spatial distribution of metals in the intergalactic medium are analyzed during the initial stages of its enrichment, when mixing is determined by the Kelvin-Helmholtz and Rayleigh-Taylor instabilities. The saturation of instabilities due to the damping of relative motions of gaseous flows leads to an incomplete mixing, hence on the small scale there appear regions with high (i.e., close to the initial) metallicity. A comparison with observational data shows that in the “post-reionization” Universe (z < 5) the irregularity of the metal distribution exhibits the features, characteristic of mixing with saturation of hydrodynamic instabilities.     

On the theory of a steady circulation in a baroclinic ocean

Some results are presented of numerical experiments associated with calculations of stationary fields of current velocity and temperature in the ocean. Results obtained by two different approaches to the theory of ocean circulation are compared: without regard for horizontal exchange under conditions of bottom sticking and with due regard for horizontal exchange in case of bottom slipping.     

Impact of Air Transport on Seasonal Variations and Trends of Surface Ozone at Kislovodsk High Mountain Station

The impact of air transport on the surface ozone variations is analyzed at Kislovodsk High Mountain Station for the period 1989–1996 on the basis of 2D back trajectories. It was shown that the contribution of photochemical and dynamical processes is different for the different seasons. In summer months the surface ozone concentration is governed by photochemical ozone production in semi polluted air from the regions of Northern Caspian, Southern Ural and Volga region. Time of the seasonal ozone maximum appearance is defined by joint influence of the processes of photochemical production and destruction in the eastern sectors and advection from Ukraine and Central Europe. The value of the seasonal minimum is determined by the processes of ozone destruction in the air coming from northeastern direction in the stable frontal zone. Distribution of sectors of the air transport changes from year to year and it can partly explain strong negative trend of the surface ozone concentration at the site.     

The Mid-Paleozoic and Mid-Triassic Pulses of Trap Magmatism in the East of the Siberian Platform: Evidence from the First 40Ar/39Ar Isotope Dating of Dolerite Sills

Doklady Earth Sciences - The paper presents the results from the first 40Ar/39Ar isotope dating of eleven mafic sills recovered by deep boreholes in the eastern Siberian Platform. Most of the dates...     

Age of the Chibit Glaciation in Gornyi Altai

Doklady Earth Sciences - New results of Optically-Stimulated Luminescence (OSL) dating that make it possible to clarify the age of the Chibitskii glaciation in the Altai Mountains are reported....     

Infrared Spectroscopy and Internal Structure of Diamonds from the Ichetyu Placer,Central Timan,Russia

Geology of Ore Deposits - A wide range of model temperature, which is typical for dodecahedroids from placer deposits in the Urals, Brazil, and the northern Yakutia diamond province has been...