基于自适应膨胀因子的模糊覆盖分级方法

分级界限的确定一直都是学者们关注的焦点,而如何确定分级数则往往被忽略了。根据模糊覆盖和膨胀因子的定义,提出了一种确定1维数据分级数的分级方法:首先通过覆盖半径做一个模糊覆盖,利用自膨胀因子对这个覆盖进行扩张,直到不能再向外扩张为止,这一级就确定了;然后进行下一级的确定。该方法不仅可以自动确定数据的分级数,而且克服了分级结果对参数的敏感性。最后用实验证明了方法的有效性。     

诸广山中段“三九”地区铀矿放射性同位素特征及找矿潜力

“三九”地区位于诸广山复式岩体中段,隶属华南花岗岩型铀矿富集区。放射性同位素及其比值是反映铀成矿信息的重要参数,可直接反映浅部到深部的铀、镭富集的地球化学特征及其迁移规律。本文重点探讨“三九”地区不同地段、不同含量、不同埋深和不同矿体部位的²³⁸U、²³⁴U、²²⁶Ra、²³⁰Th和²³¹Pa同位素特征及其比值,分析铀、镭迁移富集规律。结果表明：“三九”地区铀矿体由近地表至深部铀镭平衡系数具有高-低-高变化特征;U元素的相对富集、Th元素相对减低及其U/Th比值的急剧升高等特征,与U、Th丰度区间具有明显分带特征关系密切;当地表有矿化或异常显示且浅、深部有工业矿时,其同位素组成具有铀、镭同时迁出,且铀大量迁出特征;当地表无异常显示时,其同位素组成具有铀大量迁出、镭明显迁入特征。大于1的²³⁴U/²³⁸U比值可有效指示找铀矿化。综上,利用放射性同位素及其比值法在“三九”地区预测深部铀成矿有利地段,取得较好应用效果,其中九龙江、石壁窝和木...     

肇源县灌区水资源信息化管理平台设计与研究

灌区在我国粮食生产中具有重要意义,提高水资源利用效率是灌区管理中的重要问题,因此灌区水资源的信息化管理具有重要意义。利用地理信息技术来管理灌区水资源,逐步成为灌区信息化管理的主要趋势。本文针对灌区水资源管理需求,结合肇源县地理特点,围绕着水资源信息的管理、规划与决策等工作,提出了利用地理信息化手段建设肇源县灌区水资源信化管理平台,从建设目标、设计思路和功能设计几个方面开展平台建设,为灌区水资源信息化建设提供技术手段和新型管理模式。     

基于模板技术的电子地图显示风格转换的研究

根据电子地图显示存在的突出问题,提出电子地图显示模式、电子地图显示模板和电子地图显示风格转换的概念,并将GIS中的地图显示模式分为用途、设备以及操作显示模式。每个显示模式下又包含不同的显示风格。显示模式和显示风格的提出从概念层次解决了地图显示满足不了多用途、多用户需要的问题。显示模板提供了一种把制图专家经验应用于GIS地图显示的切实可行的方法。GIS中显示风格转换模块从技术上保证了显示模板的制作与转换。     

基坑施工对临近运营地铁隧道影响监测的实践

由于受基坑开挖所产生的卸载和基坑降水的影响,临近地铁隧道的受力条件将改变,造成地铁隧道的变形和位移。采用自动化技术实时监测地铁隧道的变形,对保证地铁运营安全至关重要。文中结合广州大马站商业中心项目基坑开挖对临近运营地铁1号线隧道结构变形位移自动监测工程项目的实践,对自动全站仪监测系统在地铁隧道监测方面的系统构建、测量方法、测量精度、监测效果等方面进行论述。实际应用表明,该系统以高精度、自动化的优势,及时提供可靠的动态监测数据,科学指导基坑施工,保证了地铁运营安全,取得良好的效果。     

基于数值模拟的远程工程支持在海洋19-6井的实践

数字化和智能化是钻井工程发展的新方向,但目前仍处于初级阶段。针对海洋19-6井中下部井段存在异常压力层,预测钻井液安全窗口较窄的问题,通过Drillworks软件采用dc指数法和分段测井资料校正法开展了地层随钻压力监测、通过动态跟踪软件Well-Ahead软件结合Landmark软件水力模块校正开展了随钻动态水力（随钻ECD当量密度和起下钻抽汲和“激动”压力分析）监测,保证了井底和套管鞋钻井液循环当量在三压力安全窗口内。通过这种远程数据支持模式的建立,进一步推进了钻井工程数字化进程,有效保证钻井工程安全。     

大兴安岭中部石场山侵入体锆石U-Pb定年及构造意义

对大兴安岭中部石场山侵入体进行了同位素年代学及岩石地球化学研究。测年结果表明,石场山侵入体似斑状细粒(细中粒)二长花岗岩LA-ICP-MS锆石U-Pb年龄加权平均值为201.69±0.72Ma和202.09±0.69Ma,表明该侵入体是晚三叠世侵位形成的。岩石学及地球化学成分显示其属于碱性、过铝质系列花岗岩。岩石具有高硅、富碱、高铁镁比、贫钙、贫镁和低钛特征。稀土元素配分曲线呈现"海鸥式"分布特征,显示强烈的负Eu异常。微量元素特征显示具有较高的Zr、Yb和Y含量,较低的Sr、B含量,微量元素原始地幔标准化蛛网图显示明显的Sr、Ba和Ti负异常。以上特征表明,石场山侵入体为铝质A型花岗岩。岩石具有高的Rb/Sr值和Rb/Nb值,显示壳源岩浆的成分特征。综合分析表明,本区似斑状细粒(细中粒)二长花岗岩为低压下长英质地壳部分熔融的产物。根据岩石构造环境判别,结合区域构造演化,认为似斑状细粒(细中粒)二长花岗岩为受前造山期控制下的伸展、裂解作用形成的。     

Research on probability integration parameter inversion of mining-induced surface subsidence based on quantum annealing

Probability integral method is an official prediction method for mining subsidence in China. However, how to obtain the probability integral method parameters based on the measured data is the premise of realizing the accurate prediction of the probability integral method. Simulated annealing (SA) is an effective nonlinear optimization algorithm that has recently been introduced into the mining subsidence field to obtain the parameters of the probability integration method. To solve the problems of slow convergence speed and easily falling into the local optimal solution in the method of parameters inversion in probability integral method based on SA (MPIPIMSA), the method of parameters inversion in probability integral method based on quantum annealing (MPIPIMQA) is proposed by combining the quantum fluctuation mechanism and simulated annealing theory. The simulation experimental results show that MPIPIMQA is superior to MPIPIMSA in the accuracy and stability of parameters, and MPIPIMQA has a stronger anti-interference ability for local losing observation points, random errors and gross errors in observation data. Finally, the parameters of probability integral method for the 1414(1) working face of the Guqiao Coal Mine in Huainan mining area were obtained by using MPIPIMQA, namely, q?=?0.9916, tanβ?=?1.9277, b?=?0.4190, θ?=?84.3381, S_u = ??7.3715, S_d = ??14.7126, S_l = 59.0695, and S_r = 32.6381, and the fitting error is 106.8863 mm. The research results have important reference values for accurate inversion of probability integral parameters.     

Water Security and the Countermeasures in South Asia Based on the “Belt and Road” Initiative

South Asia is the subregion of Asia with the most neighbors of China. Although the high mountains in the Great Himalayas spatially separate South Asia from East Asia along the border of China’s autonomous region of Tibet, the geographical items such as mountains and rivers link the countries in South Asia with China, resulting in a special and complex geopolitical environment and relationship. In this geopolitical relationship, the transboundary rivers are becoming a key issue of this region in an era of increasing water stress. Depleted and degraded transboundary water supplies have the potential to cause social unrest and spark conflict within and between countries in South Asia, and complicate the geopolitical relationship among them. In addition, the increasing impacts from climate change and human activities will definitely bring many transboundary eco-environmental issues in this region, projecting a big challenge to regional stability and development. The key issues related to the water resources supplement and exploration require the transboundary rivers to be a positive role in regional water resources utility and exploration, and the result will definitely affect regional relationship and water security. How to handle these issues and challenges will be a question for the countries in this region with a long time. Currently, the “Belt and Road” Initiative represents an opportunity to build a shared vision for common prosperity through regional cooperation and is a way to inject new positive energy into world peace and development. In the light of this, the countries with transboundary rivers in South Asia must come together to construct a cooperative mechanism of water security, and adopt a win-win cooperation for the use of transboundary rivers under the principles of “equal”, “equitable” and “reasonable”.