岩石嵌固掏挖基础抗拔承载特性及其影响因素研究

岩石嵌固掏挖基础目前已经广泛应用于电力基础工程中。原状土由于受扰动较小,胶结性强,具有良好的抗剪强度,对掏挖基础抗拔承载力具有重要影响,因此研究原状土参数变化对基础上拔承载性能的影响规律具有重要意义。结合现场试验,建立数值模型,研究土体黏聚力、内摩擦角、弹性模量对基础上拔承载性能的影响规律。研究表明:土体内摩擦角和黏聚力对基础抗拔承载力具有较大影响,而弹性模量影响程度较低;参数的变化对土体塑性区发展规律影响较小。     

输电线路岩石嵌固基础抗拔试验及数值模拟分析

为了研究全风化-强风化地区岩石嵌固基础抗拔性能及土体破坏模式,基于安徽省太湖县岩石嵌固基础抗拔性能现场试验,结合数值模拟对不同埋深、不同型式的岩石嵌固基础的抗拔性能进行分析。发现在基础埋深较浅时,坛子型和掏挖型基础抗拔性能及土体破坏模式大体相近;当基础埋深较深时,掏挖型基础抗拔性能明显优于坛子型。同时,对两种基础型式的经济效益进行比较分析,研究结果表明:掏挖型嵌固基础抗拔性能更优,同时具有更好的经济性和环保性,推荐在风化性较强的岩石地基输电线路工程中推广应用。     

PRE-ASSESSMENT OF EARTHQUAKE-INDUCED LOSSES BASED ON FIELD SURVEY AND KILOMETER GRID DATASET: A CASE STUDY FROM DEHONG DAI-JINGPO AUTONOMOUS PREFECTURE

The pre-assessment of earthquake damage based on field surveys and grid dataset in 1km resolution is very helpful for emergency preparedness and mitigation of earthquake disaster losses.In this paper,we briefly introduced the contents,principles,methods and the results of software assessment as well as the revised results after field surveys.In addition,the emergency supplies and manpower requirements after the outbreak of earthquake are discussed.The assessment contents include the earthquake affected area and population,the amount of casualties,injuries,economic losses,and the number of population to be resettled.Scenario earthquake is set with an interval of 50 kilometers along the major faults and the losses induced by earthquake are outputted by the software.After that,the software outputs are revised based on field surveys.In addition,according to the earthquake cases happening between 2008 and 2015,the growth curve model used to estimate the demand of rescue supplies and teams is also proposed in this study.Based on this model and the software named earthquake emergency disaster rapid assessment and dynamic visualized software (NIE Gao-zhong,2014),and with the help of the statistical data such as population density and socio-economic situations,earthquake losses are pre-assessed by taking Dehong Dai-Jingpo Autonomous Prefecture as an example.The comparison shows that the actual losses are nearly the same as the software outputs.However,due to the ignorance of the casualties caused by geological disasters,the revised casualties are more than the software output.Not only the study area discussed in this paper,the earthquake loss assessment method can also be used to other regions in China.     

DEVELOPMENT OF EARTHQUAKE EMERGENCY DISASTER INFORMATION PRE-EVALUATION DATA BASED ON KM GRID

After an earthquake, earthquake emergency response and rescue is one of the effective ways to reduce casualties from the earthquake. Earthquake emergency disaster information is one of crucial factors to effectively guide the rescue work. However, there is a "black box effect" on the emergency disaster information acquisition after an earthquake, which means real-time earthquake disaster information is insufficient. Hazard estimates are usually used as a substitute for the real-time disaster information in the "black box" period. However, it is subject to the accuracy and speed of the estimation. The development of the km grid technology provides good prospect to solve this problem. The paper suggests to develop earthquake disaster information pre-estimation data with the support of the km grid technology. The definition and source of the pre-estimation data are introduced and its possibility in improving the estimation speed and accuracy are analyzed theoretically. Then, we elaborate the calculation model of the pre-estimation data. The framework of the model includes disaster-bearing body data, disaster-causing factors used in calculation and calculation formula. The disaster-bearing body data in km grid format are introduced, including population data in km grid format and building data in km grid format. Then the four elements of the earthquake(earthquake occurrence time, earthquake location, earthquake magnitude and focal depth)are selected as disaster-causing factors for calculation. Map algebra method is used to realize the calculation model in which calculation parameters are associated with base map in the km grid format. So the pre-estimation data are developed by python and ArcGIS, which includes building damage dataset(100 layers), death toll dataset(10 layers)and direct economic loss dataset(5 layers). Finally, the pre-estimation data based method for earthquake emergency disaster information estimation is presented. With the support of this method, two real earthquake cases are used to validate the effect of the pre-estimation data. The validation results show the pre-estimation data can not only significantly improve the speed of the estimation but also greatly improve the accuracy of the estimation. Another good result is found in the validation process that with the support of the pre-estimation data, the estimated result can display the spatial distribution of the disaster information, which will effectively aid earthquake emergency response and rescues.     

基于AHP的新疆南天山西段中强地震预测指标体系及效能评估

本文从新疆南天山西段地区映震效果较好的预测指标出发, 采用AHP(Analytic Hierarchy Process, 层次分析法)建立了新疆南天山西段地区预测指标体系。 在此基础上, 应用1～9比率标度法构建相应的判断矩阵, 进而计算各指标的权重。 结果显示, 几项映震效果较好的指标中, 权重值相对较大的是短期预测指标中的形变异常和部分测震学参数。 同时AHP模型也给出了新疆南天山西段有无中强地震的综合判断指标Y, Y值可较好地反映新疆南天山西段地区中强地震的震兆强弱程度和异常可靠性, 当Y≥2.191时, 新疆南天山西段地区短期内存在发生中强地震的危险。     

安徽怀宁泉涧冲银多金属矿床地质特征及找矿标志

安徽怀宁泉涧冲银多金属矿区位于长江中下游铜铁（多金属）成矿带黄梅-怀宁成矿区,区内董岭背斜核部洪镇岩体侵入形成“底辟侵入-伸展-层滑构造”构成本区的基本构造格架,与构造和岩浆热液作用有关的银铅锌多金属矿床普遍发育。通过对本矿区银多金属矿床地质特征及找矿标志的研究,认为炭硅质板岩与碳酸盐岩界面是有利的成矿部位,强烈的岩浆活动为成矿提供了大量含矿热液,北东向滑脱构造是本区主要的导矿、赋矿构造,特殊的构造部位是银多金属矿重要的赋存场所。     

采用因子分析法计算下庄铀矿田航放初始铀含量

采用因子分析对下庄铀矿田的航测K、U、Th数据进行了主成分分析,指出第一主成分反映母体的原始放射性元素含量及其分布状况,并利用U在PC1上的因子负荷反映铀的原始沉积。     

抽水试验确定承压含水层参数方法探讨

地下水资源评价与地下水可开采量计算,需要对地下含水层组参数进行分析确定。本文结合鲁北地区两个地下水水源地采用抽水试验确定承压含水层水文地质参数的实践,探讨定流量(单孔或多孔)抽水试验确定含水层参数的可行性,并对定降深抽水试验确定水文地质参数方法进行了探索。     

川西坳陷中段中、新生代构造运动与须家河组生、储、盖层发育关系研究

川西坳陷中段中、新生代的构造运动主要表现为：早印支期的抬升、褶皱,构造雏形形成阶段。晚印支期褶皱、隆起发育,燕山期的挤压改造阶段。喜马拉雅运动对该区影响相对较小,仅形成了一些浅层断裂。研究表明,构造运动控制了坳陷中段的形成和发展,不仅控制了须家河组生储盖的发育,还控制着储层的孔隙度、渗透率变化．渗透率与孔隙度相关性较小,主要与裂缝有关。分析表明储层裂缝发育地带是有利的勘探区域。     

约束稀疏脉冲波阻抗反演在精细油藏描述中的应用

综合研究区地质、地震、测井、录井等各类信息,从测井约束稀疏脉冲波阻抗的反演技术的基本原理出发,探讨反演过程中测井资料的标准化处理、地震子波的提取、时深关系的转化,以及初始波阻抗模型的建立等主要的技术环节。综合分析了研究区双阳组二段重点圈闭区块砂体的发育和分布情况,并探讨在同一构造圈闭上不同井位失利的原因,为精细的油气储层研究提供了可靠的信息。