Upgrading of Oil Shale by Flotation Without Collector

Natural Resources Research - Oil shale impurities prevent its direct usage as a source of energy. Removing or reducing of these impurities before retorting can reduce the cost of oil shale...     

Modeling the Seasonal Dynamics of the Diurnal Variation of the Global Electric Circuit

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - On the basis of a parametrization of the ionospheric potential (IP), the seasonal dynamics of the diurnal IP variation for 2016–2017 is simulated...     

Self-Similarity Properties of the Kerch Peninsula Stream Network and Their Comparison with the Results of Structural and Geomorphological Analysis

Izvestiya, Atmospheric and Oceanic Physics - The results of the fractal analysis of a drainage network reconstructed using a digital elevation model and the structural and geomorphological analysis...     

REDUCE programs for algebraic computation in general relativity

REDUCE programs for algebraic computation in General Relativity are presented which use the metric tensor as input. The programs calculate — according to the user's option — the CHRISTOFFEL symbols, the RIEMANN tensor, the RICCI tensor, the RICCI scalar, the EINSTEIN tensor and the WEYL tensor.     

Note on the age and fauna of the Lynton Beds (Lower Devonian) of north Devon

The Lynton Beds represent shallow marine sediments with a restricted fauna dominated by brachiopods. The age indicated by the brachiopod fauna is late Emsian, although the possibility of a younger date for the uppermost horizons cannot be discounted.     

Numerical modelling of deep sea air-lift

Deep sea air-lifting of solid particles from depth of 1600 m is simulated with a mathematical model of the three-phase flow in an upward pipe. The computations are carried out for an axisymmetric domain in a transient way. Phase distributions, pressure and velocity profiles together with flow rates for all phases are presented and analysed. The influence of the pipe diameter on the air-lift efficiency was studied for air-lift pipes of different lengths and found to be significant. The lifting efficiency increases with the increase of the pipe diameter due to the reduction of the wall friction influence on the flow. In addition, the efficiency also increases with the increase of the solid particles volume fraction at the inlet. The presented numerical model can be utilized during various stages of the design of the air-lift pumps to help answer fundamental questions on the process, and during their operation to select optimal process parameters and to address possible problems.     

Magnetic Lasso: A New Kinematic Solar Wind Propagation Method

Solar wind propagation from the point of measurement to an arbitrary target in the heliosphere is an important input for heliospheric, planetary and cometary studies. In this paper a new kinematic propagation method, the magnetic lasso method is presented. Compared to the simple ballistic approach our method is based on reconstructing the ideal Parker spiral connecting the target with the Sun by testing a previously defined range of heliographic longitudes. The model takes into account the eventual evolution of stream–stream interactions and handles these with a simple model based on the dynamic pressure difference between the two streams. Special emphasis is given to input data cleaning by handling interplanetary coronal mass ejection events as data gaps due to their different propagation characteristics. The solar wind bulk velocity is considered radial and constant. Density and radial magnetic field are propagated by correcting with the inverse square of the radial distance. The model has the advantage that it can be coded easily and fitted to the problem; it is flexible in selecting and handling input data and requires little running time.